O. Reg. 350/06: BUILDING CODE

Building Code Act, 1992
Loi de 1992 sur le code du bâtiment

ONTARIO REGULATION 350/06

BUILDING CODE

Historical version for the period September 24, 2009 to December 20, 2009.

Last amendment: O. Reg. 365/09.

This Regulation is made in English only.

DIVISION A
COMPLIANCE, OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONAL STATEMENTS

PART 1
COMPLIANCE AND GENERAL

Section	1.1.	Organization and Application
	1.1.1.	Organization of this Code
	1.1.2.	Application of Division B
	1.1.3.	Building Size Determination
Section	1.2.	Compliance
	1.2.1.	Compliance with Division B
	1.2.2.	Materials, Appliances, Systems and Equipment
Section	1.3.	Interpretation
	1.3.1.	Interpretation
Section	1.4.	Terms and Abbreviations
	1.4.1.	Definitions of Words and Phrases
	1.4.2.	Symbols and Other Abbreviations
Section	1.5.	Referenced Documents and Organizations
	1.5.1.	Referenced Documents
	1.5.2.	Organizations

Section 1.1. Organization and Application

1.1.1. Organization of this Code

1.1.1.1. Scope of Division A

(1) Division A contains compliance and application provisions and the objectives and functional statements of this Code.

1.1.1.2. Scope of Division B

(1) Division B contains the acceptable solutions of this Code.

1.1.1.3. Scope of Division C

(1) Division C contains the administrative provisions of this Code.

1.1.1.4. Internal Cross-references

(1) If a provision of this Code contains a reference to another provision of this Code but no Division is specified, both provisions are in the same Division of this Code.

1.1.2. Application of Division B

1.1.2.1. Application of Parts 1, 7 and 12

(1) Parts 1, 7 and 12 of Division B apply to all buildings.

1.1.2.2. Application of Parts 3, 4, 5 and 6

(1) Subject to Articles 1.1.2.6. and 1.3.1.2., Parts 3, 5 and 6 of Division B apply to all buildings,

(a) used for major occupancies classified as,

(i) Group A, assembly occupancies,

(ii) Group B, care or detention occupancies,

(iii) Group F, Division 1, high hazard industrial occupancies, or

(b) exceeding 600 m² in building area or exceeding three storeys in building height and used for major occupancies classified as,

(i) Group C, residential occupancies,

(ii) Group D, business and personal services occupancies,

(iii) Group E, mercantile occupancies, or

(iv) Group F, Divisions 2 and 3, medium and low hazard industrial occupancies.

(2) Subject to Articles 1.1.2.6. and 1.3.1.2., Part 4 of Division B applies to,

(a) post-disaster buildings,

(b) buildings described in Sentence (1), and

(c) structures designated in Sentence 1.3.1.1.(1).

(3) Section 3.11. of Division B applies to public pools.

(4) Section 3.12. of Division B applies to public spas.

(5) Section 3.15. of Division B applies to signs.

1.1.2.3. Application of Part 8

(1) Part 8 of Division B applies to the construction, operation and maintenance of all sewage systems and to the construction of buildings in the vicinity of sewage systems.

1.1.2.4. Application of Part 9

(1) Subject to Articles 1.1.2.6. and 1.3.1.2., Part 9 of Division B applies to all buildings,

(a) of three or fewer storeys in building height,

(b) having a building area not exceeding 600 m², and

(c) used for major occupancies classified as,

(i) Group C, residential occupancies,

(ii) Group D, business and personal services occupancies,

(iii) Group E, mercantile occupancies, or

(iv) Group F, Divisions 2 and 3, medium hazard industrial occupancies and low hazard industrial occupancies.

1.1.2.5. Application of Part 10

(1) Part 10 of Division B applies to existing buildings requiring a permit under section 10 of the Act.

1.1.2.6. Application of Part 11

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), Part 11 of Division B applies to the design and construction of existing buildings, or parts of existing buildings, that have been in existence for at least five years.

(2) If a building has been in existence for at least five years but includes an addition that has been in existence for less than five years, Part 11 of Division B applies to the entire building.

1.1.2.7. Existing Buildings

(1) Except as provided in Section 3.17. of Division B, Section 9.40. of Division B and Part 11 of Division B, if an existing building is extended or is subject to material alteration or repair, this Code applies only to the design and construction of the extensions and those parts of the building that are subject to the material alteration or repair.

(2) If an existing previously occupied building is moved from its original location to be installed elsewhere, or is dismantled at its original location and moved to be reconstituted elsewhere, this Code applies only to changes to the design and construction of the building required as a result of moving the building.

1.1.3. Building Size Determination

1.1.3.1. Building Size Determination of Building Divided by Firewalls

(1) Where a firewall divides a building, each portion of the building that is divided shall be considered as a separate building, except for the purposes of,

(a) a determination of gross area in Section 2.2. of Division C,

(b) a fire alarm and detection system in Sentence 3.2.4.2.(1) of Division B or Article 9.10.18.1. of Division B, and

(c) a plumbing system interconnected through a firewall.

1.1.3.2. Building Size Determination of Building Divided by Vertical Fire Separations

(1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), if portions of a building are completely separated by a vertical fire separation that has a fire-resistance rating of at least 1 h and that extends through all storeys and service spaces of the separate portions, each separated portion may be considered to be a separate building for the purpose of determining building height if,

(a) each separated portion is not more than three storeys in building height and is used only for residential occupancies, and

(b) the unobstructed path of travel for a fire fighter from the nearest street to one entrance to each separated portion is not more than 45 m.

(2) The vertical fire separation in Sentence (1) may terminate at the floor assembly immediately above a basement if the basement conforms to Article 3.2.1.2. of Division B.

Section 1.2. Compliance

1.2.1. Compliance with Division B

1.2.1.1 Compliance with Division B

(1) Compliance with Division B shall be achieved,

(a) by complying with the applicable acceptable solutions in Division B, or

(b) by using alternative solutions that will achieve the level of performance required by the applicable acceptable solutions in respect of the objectives and functional statements attributed to the applicable acceptable solutions in Supplementary Standard SA-1.

(2) For the purposes of Clause (1)(b), the level of performance in respect of a functional statement refers to the performance of the functional statement as it relates to the objective with which it is associated in Supplementary Standard SA-1.

1.2.2. Materials, Appliances, Systems and Equipment

1.2.2.1. Characteristics of Materials, Appliances, Systems and Equipment

(1) All materials, appliances, systems and equipment installed to meet the requirements of this Code shall possess the necessary characteristics to perform their intended functions when installed in a building.

1.2.2.2. Used Materials, Appliances and Equipment

(1) Unless otherwise specified, recycled materials in building products may be used and used materials, appliances and equipment may be reused when they meet the requirements of this Code for new materials and are satisfactory for their intended use.

Section 1.3. Interpretation

1.3.1. Interpretation

1.3.1.1. Designated Structures

(1) The following structures are designated for the purposes of clause (d) of the definition of building in subsection 1 (1) of the Act:

(a) a retaining wall exceeding 1 000 mm in exposed height adjacent to,

(i) public property,

(ii) access to a building, or

(iii) private property to which the public is admitted,

(b) a pedestrian bridge appurtenant to a building,

(c) a crane runway,

(d) an exterior storage tank and its supporting structure that is not regulated by the Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000,

(e) signs regulated by Section 3.15. of Division B that are not structurally supported by a building,

(f) a solar collector that is mounted on a building and has a face area equal to or greater than 5 m²,

(g) a structure that supports a wind turbine generator having a rated output of more than 3 kW,

(h) a dish antenna that is mounted on a building and has a face area equal to or greater than 5 m²,

(i) a communication tower exceeding 16.6 m above ground level,

(j) an outdoor pool that has a water depth greater than 3.5 m at any point,

(k) a public pool, and

(l) a public spa.

1.3.1.2. Farm Buildings

(1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) to (5), farm buildings shall conform to the requirements in the CCBFC, “National Farm Building Code of Canada”.

(2) Articles 1.1.1.2. and 3.1.8.1. and Subsections 3.1.4. and 4.1.4. in the CCBFC, “National Farm Building Code of Canada” do not apply to farm buildings.

(3) In the CCBFC, “National Farm Building Code of Canada”, references in Articles 1.1.1.3., 2.2.2.1., 2.2.2.2., 2.3.1.1., 2.3.2.1., 3.1.1.1., 3.1.1.2., 3.1.2.1. and 3.1.6.1. to the National Building Code of Canada are deemed to be references to Ontario Regulation 403/97 (Building Code) made under the Act, as that regulation read immediately before it was revoked.

(4) A farm building of low human occupancy having a building area not exceeding 600 m² and not more than three storeys in building height is deemed to comply with the structural requirements of the CCBFC, “National Farm Building Code of Canada” if it is designed and constructed in conformance with Supplementary Standard SB-11.

(5) A manure storage tank shall comply with the requirements of Subsection 4.4.5. of Division B.

Section 1.4.  Terms and Abbreviations

1.4.1.Definitions of Words and Phrases

1.4.1.1. Non-defined Terms

(1) Definitions of words and phrases used in this Code that are not included in the list of definitions in Articles 1.4.1.2. and 1.4.1.3. and are not defined in another provision of this Code shall have the meanings that are commonly assigned to them in the context in which they are used, taking into account the specialized use of terms by the various trades and professions to which the terminology applies.

1.4.1.2. Defined Terms

(1) Each of the words and terms in italics in this Code has,

(a) the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Act, if not defined in clause (b), or

(b) the following meaning for the purposes of this Code and, where indicated, for the purposes of the Act:

Absorption trench means an excavation in soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or in leaching bed fill, being part of a leaching bed, in which a distribution pipe is laid that allows infiltration of the effluent into the soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or leaching bed fill.

Acceptable solution means a requirement stated in Parts 3 to 12 of Division B.

Accessible means, when applied to a fixture, connection, plumbing appliance, valve, cleanout or equipment, to be accessible with or without having to first remove an access panel, door or similar obstruction, but a fixture, connection, plumbing appliance, valve, cleanout or equipment is not accessible if access can be gained only by cutting or breaking materials.

Access to exit means that part of a means of egress within a floor area that provides access to an exit serving the floor area.

Additional circuit vent means a vent pipe that is installed between a circuit vent and a relief vent to provide additional air circulation.

Adfreezing means the adhesion of soil to a foundation unit resulting from the freezing of soil water.

Air admittance valve means a one-way valve designed to allow air to enter the drainage system when the pressure in the plumbing system is less than the atmospheric pressure.

Air barrier system means an assembly installed to provide a continuous barrier to the movement of air.

Air break means the unobstructed vertical distance between the lowest point of an indirectly connected waste pipe and the flood level rim of the fixture into which it discharges.

Air-conditioning is the process of treating air in a space to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and distribution to meet the comfort requirements of the occupants of the space.

Air gap means the unobstructed vertical distance through air between the lowest point of a water supply outlet and the flood level rim of the fixture or device into which the outlet discharges.

Air-supported structure means a structure consisting of a pliable membrane that achieves and maintains its shape and support by internal air pressure.

Alarm signal means an audible signal transmitted throughout one or more zones of a building or throughout a building to advise occupants that a fire emergency exists.

Alert signal means an audible signal to advise designated persons of a fire emergency.

Allowable bearing pressure means the maximum pressure that may be safely applied to a soil or rock by the foundation unit considered in design under expected loading and subsurface conditions.

Allowable load means the maximum load that may be safely applied to a foundation unit considered in design under expected loading and subsurface conditions.

Alternative solution means a substitute for an acceptable solution.

Appliance means a device to convert fuel into energy and includes all components, controls, wiring and piping required to be part of the device by the applicable standard referred to in this Code.

Architect means, for the purposes of the Act and this Code, the holder of a licence, a certificate of practice or a temporary licence under the Architects Act.

Artesian groundwater means a confined body of water under pressure in the ground.

As constructed plans means, for the purposes of the Act and this Code, construction plans and specifications that show the building and the location of the building on the property as the building has been constructed.

Assembly occupancy means the occupancy or the use of a building or part of a building by a gathering of persons for civic, political, travel, religious, social, educational, recreational or similar purposes or for the consumption of food or drink.

Attic or roof space means the space between the roof and the ceiling of the top storey or between a dwarf wall and a sloping roof.

Auxiliary water supply means, when applied to premises, any water supply on or available to the premises other than the primary potable water supply for the premises.

Backflow means a flowing back or reversal of the normal direction of the flow.

Backflow preventer means a device or a method that prevents backflow in a water distribution system.

Back-siphonage means backflow caused by a negative pressure in the supply system.

Back-siphonage preventer means a device or a method that prevents back-siphonage in a water distribution system.

Back vent means a pipe that is installed to vent a trap off the horizontal section of a fixture drain or the vertical leg of a water closet or other fixture that has an integral siphonic flushing action and “back vented” has a corresponding meaning.

Backwater valve means a check valve designed for use in a gravity drainage system.

Barrier-free means, when applied to a building and its facilities, that the building and its facilities can be approached, entered and used by persons with physical or sensory disabilities.

Basement means one or more storeys of a building located below the first storey.

Bathroom group means a group of plumbing fixtures installed in the same room, consisting of one domestic-type lavatory, one water closet and either one bathtub, with or without a shower, or one one-headed shower.

Bearing surface means the contact surface between a foundation unit and the soil or rock on which the foundation unit bears.

Boarding, lodging or rooming house means a building,

(a) that has a building height not exceeding three storeys and a building area not exceeding 600 m²,

(b) in which lodging is provided for more than four persons in return for remuneration or for the provision of services or for both, and

(c) in which the lodging rooms do not have both bathrooms and kitchen facilities for the exclusive use of individual occupants.

Boiler means an appliance intended to supply hot water or steam for space heating, processing or power purposes.

Bottle trap means a trap that retains water in a closed chamber and that seals the water by submerging the inlet pipe in the liquids or by a partition submerged in the liquids.

Branch means a soil or waste pipe that is connected at its upstream end to the junction of two or more soil or waste pipes or to a soil or waste stack and that is connected at its downstream end to another branch, a sump, a soil or waste stack or a building drain.

Branch vent means a vent pipe that is connected at its lower end to the junction of two or more vent pipes and that, at its upper end, is connected to another branch vent, a stack vent, a vent stack or a header, or terminates in open air.

Breeching means a flue pipe or chamber for receiving flue gases from one or more flue connections and for discharging these gases through a single flue connection.

Building area means the greatest horizontal area of a building above grade,

(a) within the outside surface of exterior walls, or

(b) within the outside surface of exterior walls and the centre line of firewalls.

Building Code website means the website at www.obc.mah.gov.on.ca.

Building control valve means the valve on a water system that controls the flow of potable water from the water service pipe to the water distribution system.

Building drain means the lowest horizontal piping, including any vertical offset, that conducts sewage, clear-water waste or storm water by gravity to a building sewer.

Building height means the number of storeys contained between the roof and the floor of the first storey.

Building sewer means a sanitary building sewer or storm building sewer.

Building trap means a trap that is installed in a sanitary building drain or sanitary building sewer to prevent circulation of air between the sanitary drainage system and a public sewer.

Business and personal services occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part of a building for the transaction of business or the provision of professional or personal services.

Camp for housing of workers means a camp in which buildings or other structures or premises are used to accommodate five or more employees.

Campground means land or premises used as an overnight camping facility that is not a recreational camp.

Canopy means a roof-like structure projecting more than 300 mm from the exterior face of the building.

Care and treatment occupancy (Group B, Division 2) means an occupancy in which persons receive special care and treatment.

Care occupancy (Group B, Division 3) means an occupancy in which persons receive special or supervisory care because of cognitive or physical limitations, but does not include a dwelling unit.

Care or detention occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part of a building by persons who,

(a) are dependent on others to release security devices to permit egress,

(b) receive special care and treatment, or

(c) receive supervisory care.

Cavity wall means a construction of masonry units laid with a cavity between the wythes, where the wythes are tied together with metal ties or bonding units and are relied on to act together in resisting lateral loads.

Certificate for the occupancy of a building not fully completed means a certificate described in Sentence 4.7.4.3.(5) of Division C.

Chamber means a structure that is constructed with an open bottom and that contains a pressurized distribution pipe.

Check valve means a valve that permits flow in only one direction and prevents a return flow.

Chimney means a shaft that is primarily vertical and that encloses at least one flue for conducting flue gases to the outdoors.

Chimney liner means a conduit containing a chimney flue used as a lining of a masonry or concrete chimney.

Circuit vent means a vent pipe that serves a number of fixtures and connects them to the fixture drain of the most upstream fixture, and “circuit vented” has a corresponding meaning.

Class 1 fire sprinkler/standpipe system mean an assembly of pipes and fittings that conveys water from the water service pipe or fire service main to the sprinkler/standpipe system’s outlets, is directly connected to the public water supply main only, has no pumps or reservoirs and in which the sprinkler drains discharge to the atmosphere, to dry wells or to other safe outlets.

Class 2 fire sprinkler/standpipe system means a Class 1 fire sprinkler/standpipe system that includes a booster pump in its connection to the public water supply main.

Class 3 fire sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings that conveys potable water from the water service pipe or fire service main to the sprinkler/standpipe system’s outlets and that is directly connected to the public water supply main and to one or more of the following storage facilities, which are filled from the public water supply main only: elevated water storage, fire pumps supplying water from aboveground covered reservoirs or pressure tanks.

Class 4 fire sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings that conveys water from the water service pipe or fire service main to the sprinkler/standpipe system’s outlets and is directly connected to the public water supply main (similar to Class 1 and Class 2 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems) and to an auxiliary water supply dedicated to fire department use that is located within 520 m of a pumper connection.

Class 5 fire sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings that conveys water from the water service pipe or fire service main to the sprinkler/standpipe system’s outlets, is directly connected to the public water supply main and is interconnected with an auxiliary water supply.

Class 6 fire sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings that conveys water from the water service pipe or fire service main to the sprinkler/standpipe system’s outlets and acts as a combined industrial water supply and fire protection system that is supplied from the public water supply main only, with or without gravity storage or pump suction tanks.

Cleanout means a fitting access in a drainage system or venting system that is installed to provide access for cleaning and inspection and that is provided with a readily replaceable air tight cover.

Clean water means water that has passed through a recirculation system.

Clear water waste means waste water containing no impurities or contaminants that are harmful to a person’s health, plant or animal life or that impair the quality of the natural environment.

Closure means a device or assembly for closing an opening through a fire separation or an exterior wall, such as a door, a shutter, wired glass and glass block, and includes all components such as hardware, closing devices, frames and anchors.

Combustible means that a material fails to meet the acceptance criteria of CAN4-S114, “Standard Method of Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials”.

Combustible construction means a type of construction that does not meet the requirements for noncombustible construction.

Compliance alternative means a substitute for a requirement in another Part of Division B that is listed in Part 10 or 11 of Division B, and “C.A.” has a corresponding meaning.

Computer room means a room,

(a) that contains electronic computer or data processing equipment such as main frame type,

(b) that is separated from the remainder of the building for the purpose of controlling the air quality in the room by a self-contained climate control system, and

(c) that has an occupant load of not more than one person for each 40 m² of the room.

Conditioned space means space within a building in which the temperature is controlled to limit variation in response to the exterior ambient temperature or interior differential temperatures by the provision, either directly or indirectly, of heating or cooling over substantial portions of the year.

Construction index means a level on a scale of 1 to 8 determined in accordance with Table 11.2.1.1.A. of Division B designating the expected performance level of the building structure with respect to the type of construction and fire protection of an existing building, and “C.I.” has a corresponding meaning.

Contained use area means a supervised area containing one or more rooms in which occupant movement is restricted to a single room by security measures not under the control of the occupant.

Continuous vent means a vent pipe that is an extension of a vertical section of a branch of fixture drain.

Critical level means the level of submergence at which a back-siphonage preventer ceases to prevent back-siphonage.

Day camp means a camp or resort that admits persons for a continuous period not exceeding twenty-four hours.

Day nursery means a day nursery as defined in the Day Nurseries Act.

Dead end means a pipe that terminates with a closed fitting.

Dead load means the weight of all permanent structural and nonstructural components of a building.

Deep foundation means a foundation unit that provides support for a building by transferring loads either by end-bearing to a soil or rock at considerable depth below the building or by adhesion or friction, or both, in the soil or rock in which it is placed. Piles are the most common type of deep foundation.

Design activities means the activities described in subsection 15.11 (5) of the Act.

Design bearing pressure means the pressure applied by a foundation unit to soil or rock, which pressure is not greater than the allowable bearing pressure.

Design capacity means, in the definition of sewage system, the total daily design sanitary sewage flow determined in accordance with Article 8.2.1.3. of Division B.

Designer means the person responsible for the design.

Design load means the load applied to a foundation unit, which load is not greater than the allowable load.

Detention occupancy (Group B, Division 1) means an occupancy in which persons are under restraint or are incapable of self preservation because of security measures not under their control.

Developed length means, when applied to a pipe and fittings, the length along the centre line of the pipe and fittings.

Directly connected means physically connected in such a way that neither water nor gas can escape from the connection.

Distributing pipe means a pipe or piping in a water distribution system.

Distribution box means a device for ensuring that effluent from a treatment unit is distributed in equal amounts to each line of distribution pipe in a leaching bed.

Distribution pipe means a line or lines of perforated or open jointed pipe or tile installed in a leaching bed for the purpose of distributing effluent from a treatment unit to the soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or leaching bed fill in the leaching bed.

Diving board means a flexible board.

Diving platform means a rigid platform that is not a starting platform.

Drainage system means an assembly of pipes, fittings, fixtures and appurtenances on a property that is used to convey sewage and clear water waste to a main sewer or a private sewage disposal system, and includes a private sewer, but does not include subsoil drainage piping.

Drinking water system has the same meaning as in subsection 2 (1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002.

Drum trap means a trap whose inlet and outlet are in the sides of the cylindrical body of the trap.

Dual vent means a vent pipe that serves two fixtures and connects at the junction of the trap arms.

Dwelling unit means a suite operated as a housekeeping unit, used or intended to be used as a domicile by one or more persons and usually containing cooking, eating, living, sleeping and sanitary facilities.

Earth pit privy means a latrine consisting of an excavation in the ground surmounted by a superstructure.

Effluent means sanitary sewage that has passed through a treatment unit.

Electric space heating means an electric energy source that provides more than 10 per cent of the heating capacity provided for a building and includes,

(a) electric resistance unitary baseboard heating,

(b) electric resistance unitary cabinet heating,

(c) electric resistance ceiling cable or floor cable heating,

(d) electric resistance central furnace heating,

(e) electric hot water space heating, and

(f) air source heat pumps in combination with electric resistance backup heating.

Excavation means the space created by the removal of soil, rock or fill for the purposes of construction.

Exhaust duct means a duct through which air is conveyed from a room or space to the outdoors.

Exit means that part of a means of egress, including doorways, that leads from the floor area it serves to a separate building, an open public thoroughfare or an exterior open space protected from fire exposure from the building and having access to an open public thoroughfare.

Exit level means the level of an exit stairway in a building at which an exterior exit door or exit passageway leads to the exterior.

Exit storey means a storey having an exterior exit door in a building governed by Subsection 3.2.6. of Division B.

Exposing building face means that part of the exterior wall of a building that faces one direction and is located between ground level and the ceiling of its top storey or, where the building is divided into fire compartments, the exterior wall of a fire compartment that faces one direction.

Exterior cladding means those components of a building that are exposed to the outdoor environment and are intended to provide protection against wind, water or vapour.

Factory-built chimney means a chimney consisting entirely of factory-made parts, each designed to be assembled with the other without requiring fabrication on site.

Farm building means all or part of a building,

(a) that does not contain any area used for residential occupancy,

(b) that is associated with and located on land devoted to the practice of farming, and

(c) that is used essentially for the housing of equipment or livestock or the production, storage or processing of agricultural and horticultural produce or feeds.

Fill means soil, rock, rubble, industrial waste such as slag, organic material or a combination of these that is transported and placed on the natural surface of a soil or rock or organic terrain; it may or may not be compacted.

Fire compartment means an enclosed space in a building,

(a) that is separated from all other parts of the building by enclosing construction that provides a fire separation, and

(b) that may be required to have a fire-resistance rating.

Fire damper means a closure that consists of a normally held open damper installed in an air distribution system or in a wall or floor assembly and designed to close automatically in the event of a fire in order to maintain the integrity of the fire separation.

Fire detector means a device that detects a fire condition and automatically initiates an electrical signal to actuate an alert signal or alarm signal and includes heat detectors and smoke detectors.

Fire load means, when applied to occupancy, the combustible contents of a room or floor area expressed in terms of the average weight of combustible materials per unit area, from which the potential heat liberation may be calculated based on the calorific value of the materials, and includes the furnishings, finished floor, wall and ceiling finishes, trim and temporary and movable partitions.

Fire-protection rating means the time in minutes or hours that a closure will withstand the passage of flame when exposed to fire under specified conditions of test and performance criteria, or as otherwise prescribed in this Code.

Fire-resistance rating means the time in minutes or hours that a material or assembly of materials will withstand the passage of flame and the transmission of heat when exposed to fire under specified conditions of test and performance criteria, or as determined by extension or interpretation of information derived from that test and performance as prescribed in this Code.

Fire-retardant treated wood means wood or a wood product that has been impregnated with fire-retardant chemicals to reduce its surface-burning characteristics such as flame spread, rate of fuel contribution and the density of smoke developed.

Fire separation means a construction assembly that acts as a barrier against the spread of fire.

Fire service main means a pipe and its appurtenances that are connected to a source of water and that are located on a property,

(a) between the source of water and the base of the riser of a water-based fire protection system,

(b) between the source of water and inlets to foam making systems,

(c) between the source of water and the base elbow of private hydrants or monitor nozzles,

(d) as fire pump suction and discharge piping not within a building, or

(e) beginning at the inlet side of the check valve on a gravity or pressure tank.

Fire stop flap means a device that is intended for use in horizontal assemblies required to have a fire-resistance rating, that incorporates protective ceiling membranes and that operates to close off a duct opening through the membrane in the event of a fire.

Firewall means a type of fire separation of noncombustible construction that subdivides a building or separates adjoining buildings to resist the spread of fire and that has a fire-resistance rating as prescribed in this Code and the structural stability to remain intact under fire conditions for the required fire-rated time.

First storey means the storey that has its floor closest to grade and its ceiling more than 1.8 m above grade.

Fixture means a receptacle, plumbing appliance, apparatus or other device that discharges sewage or clear water waste, and includes a floor drain.

Fixture drain means the pipe that connects a trap serving a fixture to another part of a drainage system.

Fixture outlet pipe means a pipe that connects the waste opening of a fixture to the trap serving the fixture.

Fixture unit means, when applied to a drainage system, the unit of measure based on the rate of discharge, time of operation and frequency of use of a fixture that expresses the hydraulic load that is imposed by that fixture on the drainage system.

Fixture unit means, when applied to a water distribution system, the unit of measure based on the rate of supply, time of operation and frequency of use of a fixture or outlet that expresses the hydraulic load that is imposed by that fixture or outlet on the supply system.

Flame-spread rating means an index or classification indicating the extent of the spread of flame on the surface of a material or an assembly of materials, as determined in a standard fire test prescribed in this Code.

Flash point means the minimum temperature at which a liquid within a container gives off vapour in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid.

Flood level rim means the top edge at which water can overflow from a fixture or device.

Floor area means the space on any storey of a building between exterior walls and required firewalls, including the space occupied by interior walls and partitions, but not including exits, vertical service spaces and their enclosing assemblies.

Flow control roof drain means a roof drain that restricts the flow of storm water into the storm drainage system.

Flue means an enclosed passageway for conveying flue gases.

Flue collar means the portion of a fuel-fired appliance designed for the attachment of the flue pipe or breeching.

Flue pipe means the pipe connecting the flue collar of an appliance to a chimney.

Food premises means a floor area where food or drink for human consumption, or an ingredient of food or drink for human consumption, is manufactured, processed, prepared, stored, displayed, handled, served, distributed, sold or offered for sale, but does not include,

(a) a private residence,

(b) a boarding house that provides meals for fewer than ten boarders,

(c) a building to which Regulation 554 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (Camps in Unorganized Territory) or 568 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (Recreational Camps) made under the Health Protection and Promotion Act applies,

(d) a plant, as defined in the Milk Act, that is required to be operated under the authority of a licence issued under that Act,

(e) premises where a licensed activity, as defined in the Food Safety and Quality Act, 2001, is carried on by a person who is required to hold a licence issued under that Act,

(f) an egg-grading station or a processed egg station that is required to be operated under the authority of a licence issued under the Livestock and Livestock Products Act,

(g) a floor area occupied by a church, service club or fraternal organization for the purpose of,

(i) preparing meals for special events for its members and personally invited guests, or

(ii) conducting bake sales, or

(h) a farm building.

Forced-air furnace means a furnace equipped with a fan that provides the primary means for the circulation of air.

Force main means a sanitary drainage pipe through which sanitary sewage is conveyed by mechanical or pneumatic propulsion.

Foundation means a system or arrangement of foundation units through which the loads from a building are transferred to supporting soil or rock.

Foundation unit means one of the structural members of the foundation of a building, such as a footing, raft and pile.

Fresh air inlet means a vent pipe that is installed in conjunction with a building trap and terminates in open air.

Frost action means the phenomenon that occurs when,

(a) water in soil is subjected to freezing which, because of the water ice phase change or ice lens growth, results in a total volume increase or the build-up of expansive forces under confined conditions or both, and

(b) the subsequent thawing leads to loss of soil strength and increased compressibility.

Functional statement means a function set out in Table 3.2.1.1. that a building or an element of a building is intended to perform.

Furnace means a space-heating appliance that uses warm air as the heating medium and usually provides for the attachment of ducts.

Gaming premises means gaming premises as defined in the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation Act, 1999.

Gas vent means that portion of a venting system designed to convey vent gases to the outdoors,

(a) from the vent connector of a gas-fired appliance, or

(b) directly from the appliance when a vent connector is not used.

Grade means the average level of proposed or finished ground adjoining a building at all exterior walls.

Graded lumber means lumber that has been graded and stamped to indicate its grade, as determined by the NLGA “Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber”.

Greywater means sanitary sewage of domestic origin that is derived from fixtures other than sanitary units.

Gross area means the total area of all floors above grade measured between the outside surfaces of exterior walls or between the outside surfaces of exterior walls and the centre line of firewalls, except that, in any other occupancy than a residential occupancy, where an access or a building service penetrates a firewall, measurements shall not be taken to the centre line of such firewall.

Ground water means, when applied to a sewage system, water below the surface of the ground that occupies a zone of the earth’s mantle that is saturated with water.

Ground water table means, when applied to a sewage system, the elevation of the upper surface of the ground water existing in the area of the sewage system.

Groundwater means a free standing body of water in the ground.

Groundwater level means the top surface of groundwater.

Guard means a protective barrier, with or without openings through it, that is around openings in floors or at the open sides of stairs, landings, balconies, mezzanines, galleries, raised walkways or other locations to prevent accidental falls from one level to another.

Hauled sewage means sanitary sewage that,

(a) is not finally disposed of at the site where it is produced and is not conveyed by a sewer to sewage works, and

(b) is stored or retained at the site where it is produced for periodic collection, handling, treatment, transportation, storage or processing prior to final disposal at a place other than where it was produced,

and includes sanitary sewage that is removed from a sewage system for the purpose of cleaning or maintaining the system.

Hauled sewage system means works, installations, equipment, operations and land used in connection with the collection, handling, treatment, transportation, storage, processing and disposal of hauled sewage, as regulated under the Environmental Protection Act.

Hazard index means a level on a scale of 1 to 8 determined in accordance with Tables 11.2.1.1.B. to 11.2.1.1.N. of Division B, designating the life safety hazard to occupants of a building based on,

(a) use and occupancy,

(b) occupant load,

(c) the use and function of floor spaces,

(d) the difficulty of egress,

(e) the fire load of contents, finishes and furnishings,

(f) the configuration or compartmentation of floor spaces, and

(g) the size of the building,

and “H.I.” has a corresponding meaning.

Hazardous classroom means a classroom,

(a) that is supplied with flammable gas,

(b) that contains hazardous substances such as chemicals or explosive dusts,

(c) that contains large quantities of combustible materials, or

(d) where cooking equipment is used.

Hazardous room means a room containing sufficient quantities of a substance that, because of its chemical nature, may create an atmosphere or condition of imminent hazard to health.

Header means a vent pipe that connects two or more vent stacks or stack vents to open air.

Header line means a line of pipe with watertight joints installed in a sewage system for the purpose of distributing effluent from a treatment unit to the distribution pipe in a leaching bed.

Heat detector means a fire detector designed to operate at a predetermined temperature or rate of temperature rise.

Heavy timber construction means that type of combustible construction in which a degree of fire safety is attained,

(a) by placing limitations on the sizes of wood structural members and on the thickness and composition of wood floors and roofs, and

(b) by the avoidance of concealed spaces under floors and roofs.

Heritage building means a building,

(a) that is designated under the Ontario Heritage Act, or

(b) that is certified to be of significant architectural or historical value by a recognized, non-profit public organization whose primary object is the preservation of structures of architectural or historical significance and the certification has been accepted by the chief building official.

High ground water table means the highest elevation at which there is physical evidence that the soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or the leaching bed fill has been saturated with water.

High hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 1) means an industrial occupancy containing sufficient quantities of highly combustible and flammable or explosive materials to constitute a special fire hazard because of their inherent characteristics.

Holding tank means a tank designed to totally retain all sanitary sewage discharged into it and requiring periodic emptying.

Home for special care means a home for the care of persons requiring nursing, residential or sheltered care.

Horizontal branch means that part of a waste pipe that is horizontal and installed to convey the discharge from more than one fixture.

Horizontal exit means an exit from one building to another by means of a doorway, vestibule, walkway, bridge or balcony.

Horizontal service space means a space such as an attic, duct, ceiling, roof or crawl space,

(a) that is oriented essentially in a horizontal plane,

(b) that is concealed and generally inaccessible, and

(c) through which building service facilities such as pipes, ducts and wiring may pass.

Hotel means floor areas, a floor area or part of a floor area that contains four or more suites and that provides sleeping accommodation for the travelling public or for recreational purposes.

Hub drain means a drain opening for indirect liquid wastes,

(a) that does not serve as a floor drain,

(b) that has the same pipe size, material and venting requirements as a floor drain,

(c) that has a flood level rim above the floor in which it is installed, and

(d) that receives wastes that are discharged directly into the drain opening.

Impeded egress zone means a supervised area in which occupants have free movement but require the release, by security personnel, of security doors at the boundary before being able to leave the area, but does not include a contained use area.

Indirect service water heater means a service water heater that derives its heat from a heating medium such as warm air, steam or hot water.

Indirectly connected means not directly connected.

Indoor pool means a public pool where the pool and pool deck are totally or partially covered by a roof.

Industrial occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part of a building for the assembling, fabricating, manufacturing, processing, repairing or storing of goods or materials.

Interceptor means a receptacle that is designed and installed to prevent oil, grease, sand or other materials from passing into a drainage system.

Interconnected floor space means superimposed floor areas or parts of floor areas in which floor assemblies that are required to be fire separations are penetrated by openings that are not provided with closures.

Leaching means dispersal of liquid by downward or lateral drainage or both into permeable soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or leaching bed fill.

Leaching bed means an absorption system constructed as absorption trenches or as a filter bed, located wholly in ground or raised or partly raised above ground, as required by local conditions, to which effluent from a treatment unit is applied for treatment and disposal and that is composed of,

(a) the soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, leaching bed fill or other filter media that is contained between the surface on which the sanitary sewage is applied and the bottom of the bed,

(b) the distribution pipe and the stone or gravel layer in which the distribution pipe is located, and

(c) the backfill above the distribution pipe, including the topsoil and sodding or other anti-erosion measure, and the side slopes of any portion elevated above the natural ground elevation.

Leaching bed fill means unconsolidated material suitable for the construction of a leaching bed, placed in the area of the leaching bed in order to obtain the required unsaturated zone below the distribution pipes and the required lateral extent such that the effluent is absorbed.

Leader means a pipe that is installed to carry storm water from a roof to a storm building drain, sewer or other place of disposal.

Limiting distance means the distance from an exposing building face to a property line, to the centre line of a street, lane or public thoroughfare or to an imaginary line between two buildings or fire compartments on the same property, measured at right angles to the exposing building face.

Listed means equipment or materials included in a list published by a certification organization accredited by the Standards Council of Canada.

Live load means a variable load due to the intended use and occupancy that is to be assumed in the design of the structural members of a building and includes loads due to cranes and the pressure of liquids in containers.

Live/work unit means a dwelling unit that contains a subsidiary business and personal services occupancy or a subsidiary low hazard industrial occupancy, has an area of not more than 150 m², and is used and operated by one or more persons of a single household.

Note: On April 1, 2010, the definition of “Live/work unit” is revoked and the following substituted:

Live/work unit means a dwelling unit having an area of not more than 200 m² that contains a subsidiary business and personal services occupancy or a subsidiary low hazard industrial occupancy, and which is used and operated by one or more persons of a single household.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 1, 15.

Loadbearing means, when applied to a building element, subjected to or designed to carry loads in addition to its own dead load, but does not include a wall element subject only to wind or earthquake loads in addition to its own dead load.

Loading rate means the volume in litres of effluent per square metre applied in a single day to soil, as defined in Part 8 of Division B, or leaching bed fill.

Low hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 3) means an industrial occupancy in which the combustible content is not more than 50 kg/m² or 1200 MJ/m² of floor area.

Low human occupancy means, when applied to a farm building, an occupancy in which the occupant load of not more than one person per 40 m² of floor area during normal use.

Major occupancy means the principal occupancy for which a building or part of a building is used or intended to be used, and is deemed to include the subsidiary occupancies that are an integral part of the principal occupancy.

Make-up water means water added to a public pool from an external source.

Marquee means a canopy over an entrance to a building.

Masonry or concrete chimney means a chimney of brick, stone, concrete or masonry units constructed on site.

Means of egress includes exits and access to exits and means a continuous path of travel provided for the escape of persons from any point in a building or in a contained open space to,

(a) a separate building,

(b) an open public thoroughfare, or

(c) an exterior open space that is protected from fire exposure from the building and that has access to an open public thoroughfare.

Medium hazard industrial occupancy (Group F, Division 2) means an industrial occupancy in which the combustible content is more than 50 kg/m² or 1200 MJ/m² of floor area and that is not classified as a high hazard industrial occupancy.

Mercantile occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part of a building for the displaying or selling of retail goods, wares or merchandise.

Mezzanine means an intermediate floor assembly between the floor and ceiling of any room or storey and includes an interior balcony.

Modified pool means a public pool that has a basin-shaped floor sloping downward and inward toward the interior from the rim.

Modified stack venting means a stack venting arrangement in which the stack vent above the connection of the highest stack vented fixture is reduced in diameter.

Municipal drinking water system has the same meaning as in subsection 2 (1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002.

Nominally horizontal means at an angle of less than 45° with the horizontal.

Nominally vertical means at an angle of not more than 45° with the vertical.

Noncombustible means that a material meets the acceptance criteria of CAN4-S114, “Standard Method of Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials”.

Noncombustible construction means a type of construction in which a degree of fire safety is attained by the use of noncombustible materials for structural members and other building assemblies.

Objective means an objective set out in Article 2.2.1.1.

Occupancy means the use or intended use of a building or part of a building for the shelter or support of persons, animals or property.

Occupant load means the number of persons for which a building or part of a building is designed.

Offset means the piping that connects the ends of two pipes that are parallel.

Offset relief vent means a relief vent that provides additional air circulation upstream and downstream of an offset in a soil or waste stack.

Open air means the atmosphere outside a building.

Open-air storey means a storey in which at least 25 per cent of the total area of its perimeter walls is open to the outdoors in a manner that will provide cross ventilation to the entire storey.

Outdoor pool means a public pool that is not an indoor pool.

Pail privy means a latrine in which the receptacle for human waste consists of a removable container surmounted by a superstructure.

Partition means an interior wall, one storey or part-storey in height, that is not loadbearing.

Party wall means a wall,

(a) that is jointly owned and jointly used by two parties under an easement agreement or by a right in law, and

(b) that is erected at or upon a line separating two parcels of land each of which is, or is capable of being a separate real estate entity.

Perched groundwater means a free standing body of water in the ground extending to a limited depth.

Percolation time means the average time in minutes that is required for water to drop one centimetre during a percolation test or as determined by a soil evaluation or analysis.

Performance level means the level of performance under which all or part of an existing building functions with respect to its building systems.

Pharmacy means the premises in a building or the part of the premises in which prescriptions are compounded and dispensed for the public or in which drugs are sold by retail.

Pile means a slender deep foundation unit,

(a) that is made of materials such as wood, steel or concrete or a combination of them, and

(b) that is either pre-manufactured and placed by driving, jacking, jetting or screwing, or cast-in-place in a hole formed by driving, excavating or boring.

Plenum means a chamber forming part of an air duct system.

Plumbing appliance means a receptacle or equipment that receives or collects water, liquids or sewage and discharges water, liquid or sewage directly or indirectly to a plumbing system.

Plumbing system means a system of connected piping, fittings, valves, equipment, fixtures and appurtenances contained in plumbing.

Point of entry treatment unit has the same meaning as in Subsection 1 (1) of Ontario Regulation 170/03 (Drinking Water Systems) made under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002.

Pool deck means the area immediately surrounding a public pool.

Portable privy means a portable latrine in which the receptacle for human body waste and the superstructure are combined structurally into one unit.

Post-disaster building means a building that is essential to the provision of services in the event of a disaster, and includes,

(a) hospitals, emergency treatment facilities and blood banks,

(b) telephone exchanges,

(c) power generating stations and electrical substations,

(d) control centres for land transportation,

(e) public water treatment and storage facilities,

(f) water and sewage pumping stations,

(g) emergency response facilities,

(h) fire, rescue and police stations,

(i) storage facilities for vehicles or boats used for fire, rescue and police purposes, and

(j) communications facilities, including radio and television stations.

Potable means fit for human consumption.

Potable water system means the plumbing that conveys potable water.

Pressurized distribution system means a leaching bed in which the effluent is distributed through the use of pressurized distribution pipes.

Private sewage disposal system means a sewage system or a sewage works that is not owned and operated by the Crown, a municipality or an organization acceptable to the Director responsible for issuing a Certificate of Approval under the Ontario Water Resources Act.

Private sewer means a sewer other than a building sewer that,

(a) is not owned or operated by a municipality, the Ministry of Environment or another public agency,

(b) receives drainage from more than one sanitary building drain either directly or through more than one sanitary building sewer or receives drainage from more than one storm building drain either directly or through one or more storm building sewers, and connects to a main sewer, or

(c) serves as a place of disposal on the property,

but does not include,

(d) a sewer that carries only the sanitary waste or storm sewage from two semi-detached dwelling units,

(e) a sewer that carries only the sanitary waste or storm sewage from one main building that is of industrial, commercial or care or detention occupancy and one ancillary building, or

(f) a sewer that carries only the sanitary waste or storm sewage from a row housing complex having five or fewer single family residences.

Private water supply means piping that serves as a source of supply on the property to more than one water service pipe.

Private water supply system means an assembly of pipes, fittings, valves, equipment and appurtenances that supplies water from a private source to a potable water system.

Privy vault means a latrine in which the receptacle for human waste consists of a constructed vault from which the waste is periodically removed.

Professional engineer means, for the purposes of the Act and this Code, a person who holds a licence or a temporary licence under the Professional Engineers Act.

Public corridor means a corridor that provides access to exit from more than one suite.

Public heritage building means a heritage building where the occupancy in whole or in part includes viewing of the building by the public provided that displays in it are limited to those relevant to the heritage significance of the building.

Public pool means a structure, basin, chamber or tank containing or intended to contain an artificial body of water for swimming, water sport, water recreation or entertainment, but does not include,

(a) pools operated in conjunction with less than six dwelling units, suites or single family residences or any combination of them,

(b) pools that are used only for commercial display and demonstration purposes,

(c) wading pools,

(d) hydro-massage pools, or

(e) pools that serve only as receiving basins for persons at the bottom of water slides.

Public spa means a hydro-massage pool that contains an artificial body of water, that is intended primarily for therapeutic or recreational use, that is not drained, cleaned or refilled before use by each individual and that utilizes hydrojet circulation, air induction bubbles, current flow or a combination of them over the majority of the pool area, but does not include,

(a) wading pools, or

(b) spas operated in conjunction with less than six dwelling units, suites or single family residences, or any combination of them, for the use of occupants or residents and their visitors.

Public use means, when applied to plumbing fixtures, fixtures in general washrooms of schools, gymnasiums, hotels, bars, public comfort stations and other installations in which fixtures are installed so that their use is unrestricted.

Public way means a sidewalk, street, highway, square or another open space to which the public has access, as of right or by invitation, expressed or implied.

Range means a cooking appliance equipped with a cooking surface and one or more ovens.

Recirculation system means a system,

(a) that maintains the circulation of water through a public pool by pumps, and

(b) that provides continuous treatment of the water, including filtration and chlorination or bromination and any other process that may be necessary for the treatment of the water.

Recreational camp means a camp for recreational activities consisting of one or more buildings or other structures established or maintained as living quarters, with or without charge, for the temporary occupancy of 10 or more persons for five or more days.

Relief vent means a vent pipe that is used in conjunction with a circuit vent to provide additional air circulation between a drainage system and a venting system.

Repair garage means a building or part of a building where facilities are provided for the repair or servicing of motor vehicles.

Residential full flow-through fire sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings installed in the residential portions of a building containing one or two dwelling units that conveys water from the water service pipe to outlets in the sprinkler and standpipe systems and is fully integrated into the potable water system to ensure a regular flow of water through all parts of the sprinkler and standpipe systems.

Residential occupancy means the occupancy or use of a building or part of a building by persons for whom sleeping accommodation is provided but who are not harboured or detained there to receive medical care or treatment or who are not involuntarily detained there.

Residential partial flow-through sprinkler/standpipe system means an assembly of pipes and fittings installed in the residential portions of a building containing one or two dwelling units that conveys water from the water service pipe to outlets in the sprinkler and standpipe systems and in which flow occurs during inactive periods of the sprinkler and standpipe systems only through the main header to the water closet located at the farthest point of the sprinkler and standpipe systems.

Return duct means a duct for conveying air from a space being heated, ventilated or air-conditioned back to the heating, ventilating or air-conditioning appliance.

Riser means a water distributing pipe that extends through at least one full storey, as defined in Part 7 of Division B.

Rock means a portion of the earth’s crust that is consolidated, coherent and relatively hard and that is a naturally formed, solidly bonded, mass of mineral matter that cannot readily be broken by hand.

Roof drain means a fitting or device that is installed in the roof to permit storm sewage to discharge into a leader.

Roof gutter means an exterior channel installed at the base of a sloped roof to convey storm sewage.

Sanitary building drain means a building drain that conducts sewage to a building sewer from the most upstream soil or waste stack, branch or fixture drain serving a water closet.

Sanitary building sewer means a pipe that is connected to a sanitary building drain 1 000 mm outside a wall of a building and that conducts sewage to a public sewer or private sewage disposal system.

Sanitary drainage pipe means all piping that conveys sanitary sewage to a place of disposal, including the sanitary building drain, sanitary building sewer, soil pipe, soil stack, waste stack and waste pipe but not the main sewer or piping in a sewage treatment plant.

Sanitary drainage system means a drainage system that conducts sanitary sewage.

Sanitary sewage means liquid or water borne waste,

(a) of industrial or commercial origin, or

(b) of domestic origin, including human body waste, toilet or other bathroom waste, and shower, tub, culinary, sink and laundry waste.

Sanitary sewer means a sewer that conducts sewage.

Sanitary unit means a water closet, urinal, bidet or bedpan washer.

Self-service storage building means a building that is used to provide individual storage spaces to the public and that is open to the public only for those purposes.

Septic tank means a watertight vault in which sanitary sewage is collected for the purpose of removing scum, grease and solids from the liquid without the addition of air and in which solids settling and anaerobic digestion of the sanitary sewage takes place.

Service room means a room provided in a building to contain equipment associated with building services.

Service space means space provided in a building to facilitate or conceal the installation of building service facilities such as chutes, ducts, pipes, shafts or wires.

Service water heater means a device for heating water for plumbing services.

Sewage means sanitary sewage or storm sewage.

Sewage system means,

(a) a chemical toilet, an incinerating toilet, a recirculating toilet, a self-contained portable toilet and all forms of privy including a portable privy, an earth pit privy, a pail privy, a privy vault and a composting toilet system,

(b) a greywater system,

(c) a cesspool,

(d) a leaching bed system, or

(e) a system that requires or uses a holding tank for the retention of hauled sewage at the site where it is produced before its collection by a hauled sewage system,

where these,

(f) have a design capacity of 10,000 litres per day or less,

(g) have, in total, a design capacity of 10,000 litres per day or less, where more than one of these are located on a lot or parcel of land, and

(h) are located wholly within the boundaries of the lot or parcel of land on which is located the building or buildings they serve.

Sewage works means sewage works as defined in subsection 1 (1) of the Ontario Water Resources Act.

Shallow buried trench means an absorption trench that contains a chamber.

Shallow foundation means a foundation unit that derives its support from soil or rock located close to the lowest part of the building that it supports.

Shelf and rack storage system means a self-contained structural system within a building, having one or more elevated platforms or walkway levels for personnel access that may also support conveyors and other material handling, storage and distribution equipment.

Size means the nominal diameter by which a pipe, fitting, trap or other similar item is commercially designated.

Smoke alarm means a combined smoke detector and audible alarm device designed to sound an alarm within the room or suite in which it is located on the detection of smoke within that room or suite.

Smoke detector means a fire detector designed to operate when the concentration of airborne combustion products exceeds a pre-determined level.

Soil means, except for the purposes of Part 8 of Division B, a portion of the earth’s crust that is fragmentary or such that individual particles of a dried sample may be readily separated by agitation in water, and includes boulders, cobbles, gravel, sand, silt, clay and organic matter.

Soil pipe means a sanitary drainage pipe that carries the discharge of a sanitary unit, with or without the discharge, from any other fixture.

Soil stack means a vertical soil pipe that passes through one or more storeys and includes any offset that is part of the stack.

Space heater means a space-heating appliance for heating the room or space within which it is located, without the use of ducts.

Space-heating appliance means an appliance,

(a) that is intended to supply heat directly to a room or space, such as a space heater, fireplace and unit heater, or

(b) that is intended to supply heat to rooms or spaces of a building through a heating system, such as a central furnace or boiler.

Sprinklered means equipped with a system of automatic sprinklers.

Stack vent means a vent pipe that connects the top of a soil stack or waste stack to a header or open air and “stack vented” has a corresponding meaning.

Stack venting means, when used with reference to fixtures, an arrangement such that the connections of the drainage piping from the stack vented fixtures to the stack provide venting to the fixture traps so that no additional vent pipe is required.

Stage means a space that is designed primarily for theatrical performances with provision for quick change scenery and overhead lighting, including environmental control for a wide range of lighting and sound effects, and that is traditionally, but not necessarily, separated from the audience by a proscenium wall and curtain opening.

Starting platform means a rigid platform located entirely on a pool deck that consists of a top that, if projected horizontally over the water surface, would be less than 1 000 mm (3 ft 3 in) in vertical height above the surface and that is designed to be used by a swimmer to dive from at the start of a swimming race.

Storage garage means a building or part of a building that is intended for the storage or parking of motor vehicles and that contains no provision for the repair or servicing of motor vehicles.

Storage-type service water heater means a service water heater with an integral hot water storage tank.

Storey means, except for the purposes of Part 7 of Division B, the portion of a building,

(a) that is situated between the top of any floor and the top of the floor next above it, or

(b) that is situated between the top of the floor and the ceiling above the floor, if there is no floor above it.

Storm building drain means a building drain that conducts storm water and is connected at its upstream end to a leader, sump or catch basin, and at its downstream end to a building sewer or a designated storm water disposal location.

Storm building sewer means a building sewer that conveys storm sewage to a place of disposal and commences 1 000 mm from the building.

Storm drainage pipe means all the connected piping that conveys storm sewage to a place of disposal and includes the storm building drain, storm building sewer, rain water leader, catch basin and area drain installed to collect water from the property and the piping that drains water from a swimming pool or from water cooled air-conditioning equipment, but does not include,

(a) a main storm sewer,

(b) a subsoil drainage pipe, or

(c) a private sewage treatment and disposal facility designed for the treatment or retention of storm sewage prior to discharge to the natural environment.

Storm drainage system means a drainage system that conveys storm sewage.

Storm sewage means water that is discharged from a surface as a result of rainfall, snow melt or snowfall.

Storm sewer means a sewer that conveys storm sewage.

Stove means an appliance intended for cooking or space heating or both.

Street means any highway, road, boulevard, square or other improved thoroughfare that is 9 m or more in width, that has been dedicated or deeded for public use and that is accessible to fire department vehicles and equipment.

Subsoil drainage pipe means a pipe that is installed underground to intercept and convey subsurface water, and includes foundation drain pipes.

Subsurface investigation means the appraisal of the general subsurface conditions at a building site by analysis of information gained by methods such as geological surveys, in situ testing, sampling, visual inspection, laboratory testing of samples of the subsurface materials and groundwater observations and measurements.

Suite means a single room or series of rooms of complementary use, operated under a single tenancy, and includes,

(a) dwelling units,

(b) individual guest rooms in motels, hotels, boarding houses, rooming houses and dormitories, and

(c) individual stores and individual or complementary rooms for business and personal services occupancies.

Supply duct means a duct for conveying air from a heating, ventilating or air-conditioning appliance to a space to be heated, ventilated or air-conditioned.

Surface water means water on the surface of the ground.

Theatre means a place of public assembly intended for the production and viewing of the performing arts or the screening and viewing of motion pictures, and consisting of an auditorium with permanently fixed seats intended solely for a viewing audience.

Trap means a fitting or device that is designed to hold a liquid seal that will prevent the passage of gas but will not materially affect the flow of a liquid.

Trap arm means that portion of a fixture drain between the trap weir and the vent pipe fitting.

Trap dip means the lowest part of the upper interior surface of a trap.

Trap seal depth means the vertical distance between the trap dip and the trap weir.

Trap standard means the trap for a fixture that is integral with the support for the fixture.

Trap weir means the highest part of the lower interior surface of a trap.

Treatment unit means a device that, when designed, installed and operated in accordance with its design specifications, provides a specific degree of sanitary sewage treatment to reduce the contaminant load from that of sanitary sewage to a given effluent quality.

Tribunal means the License Appeal Tribunal established under the Licence Appeal Tribunal Act, 1999.

Unit heater means a suspended space heater with an integral air circulating fan.

Unprotected opening means, when applied to an exposing building face,

(a) a doorway, window or opening, other than one equipped with a closure having the required fire-protection rating, or

(b) any part of a wall forming part of the exposing building face that has a fire-resistance rating less than required for the exposing building face.

Vacuum breaker means back-siphonage preventer.

Vapour barrier means the elements installed to control the diffusion of water vapour.

Vent connector means, when applied to a heating or cooling system, the part of a venting system that conducts the flue gases or vent gases from the flue collar of a gas appliance to the chimney or gas vent, and may include a draft control device.

Vent pipe means a pipe that is part of a venting system.

Vent stack means a vent pipe that is connected at its upper end to a header or is terminated in open air and that is used to limit pressure differential in a soil or waste stack.

Venting system means an assembly of pipes and fittings that connects a drainage system with open air for circulation of air and the protection of trap seals in the drainage system.

Vertical leg means the vertical portion of a fixture drain and includes the portion of a drain from the outlet of a water closet bowl to the point where the connecting piping changes to horizontal.

Vertical service space means a shaft that is oriented essentially vertically and that is provided in a building to facilitate the installation of building services, including mechanical, electrical and plumbing installations and facilities such as elevators, refuse chutes and linen chutes.

Walkway means a covered or roofed pedestrian thoroughfare used to connect two or more buildings.

Waste pipe means a sanitary drainage pipe that carries the discharge from a fixture directly to a waste stack, soil stack, sanitary building drain, branch or sewage system.

Waste stack means a vertical waste pipe that passes through one or more storeys and includes any offset that is part of the stack that conducts liquid waste from fixtures other than sanitary units.

Water distribution system means an assembly of pipes, fittings, valves and appurtenances that conveys potable water to water supply outlets, fixtures, plumbing appliances and devices from the water service pipe or from a point of entry treatment unit located in the building.

Water purveyor means the owner or operator of a drinking water system.

Water service pipe means a pipe on the property that conveys potable water from a drinking water system or a private water supply to the inside of the building.

Water system means a water service pipe, a private water supply, a water distribution system, a fire service main or any part of any of them.

Wave action pool means a public pool equipped with a means for inducing wave motion in the water.

Wet vent means a waste pipe that also serves as a vent pipe.

Working capacity means the volume of liquid that a treatment unit or holding tank is capable of holding without overflowing while it is in its working position, but does not include the volume of liquid contained in a compartment in which a pump or siphon is installed.

X-ray equipment includes x-ray imaging systems, processing equipment and equipment directly related to the production of images for diagnosis or directly related to irradiation with x-rays for therapy.

X-ray machine means an electrically-powered device producing x-rays for the irradiation of a human being or an animal for a therapeutic or diagnostic purpose or for industrial use.

Yoke vent means a vent pipe that is connected at its lower end to a soil or waste stack and at its upper end to a vent stack or a branch vent that is connected to a vent stack.

1.4.1.3. Definition of Applicable Law

(1) For the purposes of section 8 of the Act, applicable law means,

(a) the statutory requirements in the following provisions with respect to the following matters:

(i) section 5 of the Charitable Institutions Act, with respect to the approval by the Minister of the site and plans for a new building or an addition to an existing building used or to be used as a charitable institution,

(i.1) section 114 of the City of Toronto Act, 2006 with respect to the approval by the City of Toronto or the Ontario Municipal Board of plans and drawings,

(ii) section 5 of Regulation 262 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (General) made under the Day Nurseries Act with respect to the approval of plans for a new building to be erected or an existing building to be used, altered or renovated for use as a day nursery or for alterations or renovations to be made to premises used by a day nursery,

(iii) section 194 of the Education Act, with respect to the approval of the Minister for the demolition of a building,

(iv) section 6 of Regulation 314 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (General) made under the Elderly Persons Centres Act with respect to the approval of the Minister for the construction of a building project,

(v) section 5 of the Environmental Assessment Act with respect to the approval of the Minister or the Environmental Review Tribunal to proceed with an undertaking,

(vi) section 46 of the Environmental Protection Act with respect to the approval of the Minister to use land or land covered by water that has been used for the disposal of waste,

(vi.1) section 47.3 of the Environmental Protection Act, with respect to the issuance of a renewable energy approval,

(vii) section 168.3.1 of the Environmental Protection Act with respect to the construction of a building to be used in connection with a change of use of a property,

(viii) paragraph 2 of subsection 168.6 (1) of the Environmental Protection Act if a certificate of property use has been issued in respect of the property under subsection 168.6 (1) of that Act,

(ix) section 9 of Regulation 469 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (Equipment and Premises), made under the Funeral Directors and Establishments Act, with respect to the provision to the Registrar of architectural plans or drawings of the proposed construction or alteration of a funeral establishment,

(x) section 14 of the Homes for the Aged and Rest Homes Act with respect to the approval of the Minister for the erection or alteration of a building for use as a home or a joint home,

(xi) section 14 of the Milk Act with respect to the permit from the Director for the construction or alteration of any building intended for use as a plant,

(xii) section 4 of Regulation 832 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (General) made under the Nursing Homes Act with respect to the provision to the Director of plans and specifications and such information and other material as may be required by the Director in respect of the construction, alteration, addition to or renovation of a nursing home or conversion of an existing building into a nursing home,

(xiii) section 11.1 of Ontario Regulation 267/03 (General) made under the Nutrient Management Act, 2002 with respect to a proposed building or structure to house farm animals or store nutrients if that regulation requires the preparation and approval of a nutrient management strategy before construction of the proposed building or structure,

(xiv) subsection 30 (2) of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to a consent of the council of a municipality to the alteration or demolition of a building where the council of the municipality has given a notice of intent to designate the building under subsection 29 (3) of that Act,

(xv) section 33 of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to the consent of the council of a municipality for the alteration of property,

(xvi) section 34 of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to the consent of the council of a municipality for the demolition of a building,

(xvii) section 34.5 of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to the consent of the Minister to the alteration or demolition of a designated building,

(xviii) subsection 34.7 (2) of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to a consent of the Minister to the alteration or demolition of a building where the Minister has given a notice of intent to designate the building under section 34.6 of that Act,

(xix) section 42 of the Ontario Heritage Act with respect to the permit given by the council of a municipality for the erection, alteration or demolition of a building,

(xx) section 14 of the Ontario Planning and Development Act, 1994 with respect to any conflict between a development plan made under that Act and a zoning by-law that affects the proposed building or structure,

(xxi) section 41 of the Planning Act with respect to the approval by the council of the municipality or the Municipal Board of plans and drawings,

(xxi.1) section 42 of the Planning Act with respect to the payment of money or making arrangements satisfactory to the council of a municipality for the payment of money, where the payment is required under subsection 42 (6) of that Act,

(xxii) section 2 of Ontario Regulation 453/96 (Work Permit — Construction) made under the Public Lands Act with respect to the work permit authorizing the construction or placement of a building on public land,

(xxiii) section 34 or 38 of the Public Transportation and Highway Improvement Act with respect to the permit from the Minister for the placement, erection or alteration of any building or other structure or the use of land,

(b) the following provisions of Acts and regulations:

(0.i) subsection 102 (3) of the City of Toronto Act, 2006,

(i) sections 28 and 53 of the Development Charges Act, 1997,

(ii) sections 257.83 and 257.93 of the Education Act,

(iii) subsection 5 (4) of the Environmental Assessment Act,

(iv) subsection 133 (4) of the Municipal Act, 2001,

(v) subsection 24 (3) of the Niagara Escarpment Planning and Development Act,

(vi) subsections 4 (3) and (5) of Regulation 832 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990 (General) made under the Nursing Homes Act,

(vi.1) subsection 27 (3) of the Ontario Heritage Act,

(vii) section 46 of the Planning Act,

(viii) section 33 of the Planning Act except where, in the case of the demolition of a residential property, a permit to demolish the property is obtained under that section,

(ix) Revoked: O. Reg. 423/06, s. 1 (4).

(c) regulations made by a conservation authority under clause 28 (1) (c) of the Conservation Authorities Act with respect to permission of the authority for the construction of a building or structure if, in the opinion of the authority, the control of flooding, erosion, dynamic beaches or pollution or the conservation of land may be affected by the development,

(d) by-laws made under section 40.1 of the Ontario Heritage Act,

(e) by-laws made under section 34 or 38 of the Planning Act,

(e.1) subject to clause (e.2), by-laws made under Ontario Regulation 608/06 (Development Permits) made under the Planning Act,

(e.2) by-laws referred to in clause (e.1) in relation to the development of land, but only with respect to the issuance of a development permit if the development of land is prohibited unless a development permit is obtained,

(e.3) by-laws made under Ontario Regulation 246/01 (Development Permits) made under the Planning Act which continue in force despite the revocation of that regulation by reason of section 17 of Ontario Regulation 608/06 (Development Permits) made under that Act,

(f) orders made by the Minister under section 47 of the Planning Act or subsection 17 (1) of the Ontario Planning and Development Act, 1994, and

(g) by-laws made under any private Act that prohibit the proposed construction or demolition of the building unless the by-law is complied with.

(2) For the purposes of clause 10 (2) (a) of the Act, applicable law means any general or special Act, and all regulations and by-laws enacted under them that prohibit the proposed use of the building unless the Act, regulation or by-law is complied with.

1.4.2. Symbols and Other Abbreviations

1.4.2.1. Symbols and Other Abbreviations

(1) In this Code, a symbol or abbreviation listed in Column 1 of Table 1.4.2.1. shall have the meaning listed opposite it in Column 2.

Table 1.4.2.1.
Symbols and Abbreviations

Forming Part of Sentence 1.4.2.1.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3
Item	Symbol or Abbreviation	Meaning
1.	1 in 2	slope of 1 vertical to 2 horizontal
2.	ABS	acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
3.	BOD5	the five day biochemical oxygen demand
4.	CBOD5	the five day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand
5.	cm	centimetre(s)
6.	cm²	square centimetre(s)
7.	CPVC	chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride)
8.	dB(A)	decibel-weighted sound level
9.	°	degree(s)
10.	°C	degree(s) Celsius
11.	diam	diameter
12.	DWV	drain, waste and vent
13.	ft	foot (feet)
14.	g	gram(s)
15.	ga	gauge
16.	gal	imperial gallon(s)
17.	gal/min	imperial gallon(s) per minute
18.	h	hour(s)
19.	HVAC	heating, ventilating and air-conditioning
20.	Hz	hertz
21.	in	inch(es)
22.	J	joule(s)
23.	kg	kilogram(s)
24.	kg/m²	kilograms per square metre
25.	kN	kilonewton(s)
26.	kPa	kilopascal(s)
27.	kW	kilowatt(s)
28.	L	litre(s)
29.	L/s	litre(s) per second
30.	lx	lux
31.	m	metre(s)
32.	m²	square metre(s)
33.	m/s	metre(s) per second
34.	max.	maximum
35.	mg/L	milligram(s) per litre
36.	min	minute(s)
37.	MJ	megajoule(s)
38.	mm	millimetre(s)
39.	MPa	megapascal(s)
40.	N	newton
41.	N/A	not applicable
42.	ng	nanogram(s)
43.	No.	number(s)
44.	nom.	nominal
45.	o.c.	on centre
46.	OSB	oriented strandboard
47.	Pa	pascal(s)
48.	PB	polybutylene
49.	PE	polyethylene
50.	PE/AL/PE	polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene
51.	PEX	cross-linked polyethylene
52.	PEX/AL/PEX	crosslinked polyethylene/aluminum/crosslinked polyethylene
53.	PVC	poly (vinyl chloride)
54.	RSI	thermal resistance, International System of Units
55.	s	second(s)
56.	temp.	temperature
57.	T&G	tongue and groove
58.	W	watt(s)
59.	wt	weight
60.	%	per cent

Section 1.5. Referenced Documents and Organizations

1.5.1. Referenced Documents

1.5.1.1. Application of Referenced Documents

(1) The provisions of a referenced document in Divisions A and B apply only to the extent that the provisions relate to,

(a) buildings, and

(b) the objectives and functional statements attributed to the applicable acceptable solutions in Division B where the document is referenced.

1.5.1.2. Conflicting Requirements

(1) In the case of a conflict between the provisions of this Code and those of a referenced document, the provisions of this Code shall govern.

1.5.1.3. Applicable Editions

(1) Where documents are referenced in this Code, they shall be the editions designated in Subsection 1.3.1. of Division B.

1.5.2. Organizations

1.5.2.1. Abbreviations of Proper Names

(1) The abbreviations of proper names in this Code shall have the meanings assigned to them in Article 1.3.2.1. of Division B.

O. Reg. 350/06, Division A, Part 1; O. Reg. 423/06, s. 1; O. Reg. 137/07, ss. 1-6; O. Reg. 365/09, s. 1.

PART 2
OBJECTIVES

Section	2.1.	Application
	2.1.1.	Application
Section	2.2.	Objectives
	2.2.1.	Objectives

2.1. Application

2.1.1. Application

2.1.1.1. Application of Objectives

(1) The objectives set out in Table 2.2.1.1. apply only to the extent that they relate to compliance with this Code as required in Article 1.2.1.1.

Section 2.2. Objectives

2.2.1. Objectives

2.2.1.1. Objectives

(1) The objectives of this Code shall be those set out in Table 2.2.1.1.

Table 2.2.1.1.
Objectives

Forming Part of Sentence 2.2.1.1.(1)

Column 1 Category	Column 2 Number	Column 3 Objective
Safety	OS	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury.
Safety — Fire Safety	OS1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire.
	OS1.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire caused by a fire or explosion.
	OS1.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire caused by fire or explosion impacting areas beyond its point of origin.
	OS1.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire caused by the collapse of physical elements due to a fire or explosion.
	OS1.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire caused by fire safety systems failing to function as expected.
	OS1.5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to fire caused by persons being delayed in or impeded from moving to a safe place during a fire emergency.
Safety — Structural Safety	OS2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure.
	OS2.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by loads bearing on the building elements that exceed their load-bearing capacity.
	OS2.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by loads bearing on the building that exceed the loadbearing properties of the supporting medium.
	OS2.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by damage to or deterioration of building elements.
	OS2.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by vibration or deflection of building elements.
	OS2.5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by instability of the building or part of it.
	OS2.6	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to structural failure caused by collapse of the excavation.
Safety — Safety in Use	OS3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of the building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards.
	OS3.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by tripping, slipping, falling, contact, drowning or collision.
	OS3.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by contact with hot surfaces or substances.
	OS3.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by contact with energized equipment.
	OS3.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by exposure to hazardous substances.
	OS3.5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by exposure to high levels of sound from fire alarm systems.
	OS3.6	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by persons becoming trapped in confined spaces.
	OS3.7	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to hazards caused by persons being delayed in or impeded from moving to a safe place during an emergency.
Safety — Resistance to Unwanted Entry	OS4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to the building’s low level of resistance to unwanted entry.
	OS4.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to the building’s low level of resistance to unwanted entry caused by intruders being able to force their way through locked doors or windows.
	OS4.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of injury due to the building’s low level of resistance to unwanted entry caused by occupants being unable to identify potential intruders as such.
Health	OH	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness.
Health — Indoor Conditions	OH1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to indoor conditions.
	OH1.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to indoor conditions caused by inadequate indoor air quality.
	OH1.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to indoor conditions caused by inadequate thermal comfort.
	OH1.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to indoor conditions caused by contact with moisture.
Health — Sanitation	OH2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in or adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions.
	OH2.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by exposure to human or domestic waste.
	OH2.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by consumption of contaminated water.
	OH2.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by inadequate facilities for personal hygiene.
	OH2.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by contact with contaminated surfaces.
	OH2.5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by contact with vermin and insects.
	OH2.6	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person adjacent to the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by exposure to human or domestic waste.
Health — Noise Protection	OH3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to high levels of sound originating in adjacent spaces in the building.
	OH3.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to high levels of sound originating in adjacent spaces in the building caused by exposure to airborne sound transmitted through assemblies separating dwelling units from adjacent spaces in the building.
Health — Vibration and Deflection Limitation	OH4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to high levels of vibration or deflection of building elements.
Health — Hazardous Substances Containment	OH5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, the public will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of illness due to the release of hazardous substances from the building.
Health — Privacy	OH6	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be provided with an unacceptable level of privacy.
Health — View To The Outdoors	OH7	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person in the building will be unable to experience a view to the outdoors.
Accessibility	OA	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person with a physical or sensory disability will be unacceptably impeded from accessing or using the building or its facilities.
Accessibility — Barrier-free Path of Travel	OA1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person with a physical or sensory disability will be unacceptably impeded from accessing the building or circulating within it.
Accessibility — Barrier-free Facilities	OA2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a person with a physical or sensory disability will be unacceptably impeded from using the building’s facilities.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings	OP	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, the building or adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire or structural insufficiency, or the building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of loss of use also due to structural insufficiency.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings — Fire Protection of the Building	OP1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire.
	OP1.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire caused by fire or explosion occurring.
	OP1.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire caused by fire or explosion impacting areas beyond its point of origin.
	OP1.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire caused by collapse of physical elements due to a fire or explosion.
	OP1.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire caused by fire safety systems failing to function as expected.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings — Structural Sufficiency of the Building	OP2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability.
	OP2.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by loads bearing on the building elements that exceed their loadbearing capacity.
	OP2.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by loads bearing on the building that exceed the loadbearing properties of the supporting medium.
	OP2.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by damage to or deterioration of building elements.
	OP2.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by vibration or deflection of building elements.
	OP2.5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by instability of the building or part of it.
	OP2.6	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building or part of it will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage or loss of use due to structural failure or lack of structural serviceability caused by instability or movement of the supporting medium.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings — Protection of Adjacent Buildings from Fire	OP3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire.
	OP3.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of damage due to fire caused by fire or explosion impacting areas beyond the building of origin.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings — Protection of Adjacent Buildings from Structural Damage	OP4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of structural damage.
	OP4.1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of structural damage caused by settlement of the medium supporting adjacent buildings.
	OP4.2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of the building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of structural damage caused by collapse of the building or portion of it onto adjacent buildings.
	OP4.3	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of structural damage caused by impact of the building on adjacent buildings.
	OP4.4	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, adjacent buildings will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of structural damage caused by collapse of the excavation.
Fire, Structural, Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings — Water and Sewage Protection of Buildings and Facilities	OP5	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of its design or construction, a building will be exposed to unacceptable risk of damage due to leakage of service water or sewage.
Resource Conservation	OR	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a natural resource will exposed to an unacceptable risk of depletion or the capacity of the infrastructure supporting the use of the resource will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of being exceeded.
Resource Conservation — Water Conservation	OR1	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, water resources will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of depletion or the capacity of the water supply, treatment and disposal infrastructure will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of being exceeded, caused by the consumption of water.
Resource Conservation — Energy Conservation	OR2	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of a building, a natural resource will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of depletion or the capacity of the infrastructure supporting the use of the resource will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of being exceeded, caused by the consumption of energy.
Environmental Integrity	OE	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design, construction or operation of a building, the natural environment will be exposed to an unacceptable risk of degradation.
Conservation of Buildings	OC	An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the extension, material alteration or repair of an existing building or a change in use of an existing building, the existing building cannot be acceptably conserved.

O. Reg. 350/06, Division A, Part 2.

PART 3
FUNCTIONAL STATEMENTS

Section	3.1.	Application
	3.1.1.	Application of Functional Statements
Section	3.2.	Functional Statements
	3.2.1.	Functional Statements

3.1. Application

3.1.1. Application of Functional Statements

3.1.1.1. Application of Functional Statements

(1) The functional statements set out in Table 3.2.1.1. apply only to the extent that they relate to compliance with this Code as required in Article 1.2.1.1.

Section 3.2. Functional Statements

3.2.1. Functional Statements

3.2.1.1. Functional Statements

(1) The functional statements of this Code are those set out in Table 3.2.1.1.

Table 3.2.1.1.
Functional Statements

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.1.1.(1)

Column 1 Number	Column 2 Function
F01 F02 F03 F04 F05 F06	To minimize the risk of accidental ignition. To limit the severity and effects of fire or explosions. To retard the effects of fire on areas beyond its point of origin. To retard failure or collapse due to the effects of fire. To retard the effects of fire on emergency egress facilities. To retard the effects of fire on facilities for notification, suppression and emergency response.
F10 F11 F12 F13	To facilitate the timely movement of persons to a safe place in an emergency. To notify persons, in a timely manner, of the need to take action in an emergency. To facilitate emergency response. To notify emergency responders, in a timely manner, of the need to take action in an emergency.
F20 F21 F22 F23	To support and withstand expected loads and forces. To limit or accommodate dimensional change. To limit movement under expected loads and forces. To maintain equipment in place during structural movement.
F30 F31 F32 F33 F34 F35 F36	To minimize the risk of injury to persons as a result of tripping, slipping, falling, contact, drowning or collision. To minimize the risk of injury to persons as a result of contact with hot surfaces or substances. To minimize the risk of injury to persons as a result of contact with energized equipment. To limit the level of sound of a fire alarm system. To resist or discourage unwanted access or entry. To facilitate the identification of potential intruders. To minimize the risk that persons will be trapped in confined spaces.
F40 F41 F42 F43 F44 F45 F46	To limit the level of contaminants. To minimize the risk of generation of contaminants. To resist the entry of vermin and insects. To minimize the risk of release of hazardous substances. To limit the spread of hazardous substances beyond their point of release. To minimize the risk of the spread of diseases through communal shower facilities To minimize the risk of contamination of potable water.
F50 F51 F52 F53 F54 F55 F56	To provide air suitable for breathing. To maintain appropriate air and surface temperatures. To maintain appropriate relative humidity. To maintain appropriate indoor/outdoor air pressure differences. To limit drafts. To resist the transfer of air through environmental separators. To limit the transmission of airborne sound into a dwelling unit from spaces elsewhere in the building.
F60 F61 F62 F63	To control the accumulation and pressure of water on and in the ground. To resist the ingress of precipitation, water or moisture from the exterior or from the ground. To facilitate the dissipation of water and moisture from the building. To limit moisture condensation.
F70 F71 F72 F73 F74	To provide potable water. To provide facilities for personal hygiene. To provide facilities for the sanitary disposal of human and domestic wastes. To facilitate access to and circulation in the building and its facilities by persons with physical or sensory disabilities. To facilitate the use of a building’s facilities by persons with physical or sensory disabilities.
F80 F81 F82	To resist deterioration resulting from expected service conditions. To minimize the risk of malfunction, interference, damage, tampering, lack of use or misuse. To minimize the risk of inadequate performance due to improper maintenance or lack of maintenance.
F101 F102	To limit unwanted visual exposure. To provide a view to the outdoors in buildings.
F110 F111 F112 F113	To control the release of contaminants into soil, groundwater, surface water and air. To minimize the risk of malfunction, damage or failure of a sewage system. To provide adequate treatment of sanitary sewage and effluent. To minimize the risk of injury as a result of contact with sanitary sewage or partially treated effluent.
F120 F121 F122 F123 F124	To minimize the risk of injury to persons entering or exiting the pool, as a result of unfamiliarity with the pool. To minimize the risk of injury to persons using the pool, as a result of unfamiliarity with the pool. To minimize the risk of contamination of pool water. To facilitate timely response to incapacitated pool users. To minimize the risk of entrapment or injury to a person within the pool, as a result of water, air or vacuum action.
F130 F131	To limit excessive water consumption. To limit excessive energy consumption.
F140	To facilitate the reuse and material alteration and repair of existing buildings.

O. Reg. 350/06, Division A, Part 3.

DIVISION B

PART 1
GENERAL

Section	1.1.	General
	1.1.1.	Application
	1.1.2.	Climatic Data
Section	1.2.	Reserved
Section	1.3.	Referenced Documents and Organizations
	1.3.1.	Referenced Documents
	1.3.2.	Abbreviations

Section 1.1. General

1.1.1. Application

1.1.1.1. Application

(1) This Part applies to all buildings covered in this Code.

1.1.2. Climatic Data

1.1.2.1. Climatic and Seismic Design Values

(1) The climatic and seismic values required for the design of buildings under this Code shall be in conformance with the climatic and seismic values provided in Supplementary Standard SB-1.

(2) The outside winter design temperatures determined from Supplementary Standard SB-1 shall be those listed for the January 2.5% values.

1.1.2.2. Depth of Frost Penetration

(1) Depth of frost penetration shall be established on the basis of local experience.

Section 1.2. Reserved

Section 1.3. Referenced Documents and Organizations

1.3.1. Referenced Documents

1.3.1.1. Effective Date

(1) Unless otherwise specified in this Code, the documents referenced in this Code shall include all amendments, revisions and supplements effective to May 31, 2006.

1.3.1.2. Applicable Editions

(1) Where documents are referenced in this Code, they shall be in the editions designated in Column 2 of Table 1.3.1.2.

Table 1.3.1.2.
Documents Referenced in the Building Code

Forming Part of Sentence 1.3.1.2.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
Issuing Agency	Document Number	Title of Document	Code Reference
ACGIH	2004, 25th Edition	Industrial Ventilation Manual	6.2.1.1.(1)
ANSI	A208.1-1999	Particleboard, Mat-Formed Wood	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(3)
			9.29.9.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
ANSI	B16.18-2001	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings	7.2.7.6.(1)
			7.2.7.6.(2)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/ASME	A112.19.8M-1987	Suction Fittings for Use in Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Whirlpool Bathtub Appliances	3.12.4.1.(9)
ANSI/ASME	B16.3-1998	Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings	7.2.6.6.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B16.4-1998	Gray Iron Threaded Fittings	7.2.6.5.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/ASME	B16.12-1998	Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings	7.2.6.3.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B16.15-1985	Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250	7.2.7.3.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B16.22-2001	Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings	7.2.7.6.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B16.24-2001	Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500	7.2.7.2.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B16.26-1988	Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes	7.2.7.7.(1)
			7.2.7.7.(2)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/ASME	B16.29-2001	Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings - DWV	7.2.7.5.(1)
ANSI/ASME	B18.6.1-1981	Wood Screws (Inch Series)	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.3.1.(2)
ANSI/ASHRAE	62-2001	Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality	6.2.2.1.(2)
ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA	90.1-2004	Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings	6.2.2.1.(1)
			12.2.1.1.(2)
ANSI/AWWA	C104 / A21.4-2004	Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe Fittings for Water	7.2.6.4.(2)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/AWWA	C110 / A21.10-2003	Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 in. Through 48 in. (75 mm Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids	7.2.6.4.(3)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/AWWA	C111 / A21.11-2000	Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fitting	7.2.6.4.(4)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/AWWA	C151 / A21.51-2002	Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast, for Water	7.2.6.4.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ANSI/CSA	ANSI Z21.22-1999 / CSA 4.4-M99 including	Relief Valves for Hot Water Supply Systems	7.2.10.11.(1)
	Addenda 1
	ANSI Z21.22a-2000 /
	CSA 4.4a -2000
	Addenda 2
	ANSI Z21.22b-2001 /
	CSA 4.4b-2001
APHA/AWWA/ WEF	2005, 21st Edition	Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water	8.9.2.4.(1)(b)
ASHRAE	2005	Fundamentals	6.2.1.1.(1)
ASHRAE	2003	HVAC Applications	6.2.1.1.(1)
ASHRAE	2004	HVAC Systems and Equipment	6.2.1.1.(1)
ASHRAE	2002	Refrigeration	6.2.1.1.(1)
ASME	B16.23-2002	Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings: DWV	7.2.7.5.(1)
ASSE	1010-2004	Water Hammer Arresters	7.2.10.15.(1)
ASSE	1051-2002	Individual and Branch Type Air Admittance Valves for Sanitary Drainage Systems	7.2.10.16.(1)
ASTM	A53 / A53M-02	Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless	7.2.6.7.(4)
ASTM	A123 / A123M-02	Zinc (Hot Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.20.16.1.
ASTM	A153 / A153M-03	Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.20.16.1.
ASTM	A252-98	Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles	4.2.3.8.(1)
ASTM	A283 / A283M-03	Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates	4.2.3.8.(1)
ASTM	A518 / A518M-99	Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings	7.2.8.1.(1)
ASTM	A653 / A653M-03	Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.3.2.(1)
ASTM	A792 / A792M-03	Steel Sheet, 55% Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process	9.3.3.2.(1)
ASTM	A1008 / A1008M-04	Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low Alloy with Improved Formability	4.2.3.8.(1)
ASTM	A1011 / A1011M-03a	Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low Alloy with Improved Formability	4.2.3.8.(1)
ASTM	B32-03	Solder Metal	7.2.9.2.(2)
ASTM	B42-02e1	Seamless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes	7.2.7.1.(1)
ASTM	B43-98e1	Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard Sizes	7.2.7.1.(2)
ASTM	B68-02	Seamless Copper Tube, Bright Annealed	7.2.7.4.(3)
ASTM	B88-03	Seamless Copper Water Tube	7.2.7.4.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
ASTM	B306-02	Copper Drainage Tube (DWV)	7.2.7.4.(1)
ASTM	B813-00e1	Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy and Tube	7.2.9.2.(3)
ASTM	B828-02	Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings	7.3.2.4.(1)
ASTM	C4-03	Clay Drain Tile and Perforated Clay Drain Tile	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
ASTM	C27-98	Classification for Fire Clay and High-Alumina Refractory Brick	9.21.3.4.(1)
ASTM	C36 / C36M-03	Gypsum Wallboard	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C37 / C37M-01	Gypsum Lath	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C79 / C79M-04	Treated Core and Nontreated Core Gypsum Sheathing Board	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C126-99	Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
ASTM	C212-00	Structural Clay Facing Tile	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
ASTM	C260-01	Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete	9.3.1.8.(1)
ASTM	C411-97	Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation	6.2.3.4.(3)
			6.2.9.2.(2)
ASTM	C412M-03	Concrete Drain Tile (Metric)	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
ASTM	C442 / C442M-04	Gypsum Backing Board, and Gypsum Coreboard, and Gypsum Shaftliner Board	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C444M-03	Perforated Concrete Pipe (Metric)	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
ASTM	C494 / C494M-04	Chemical Admixtures for Concrete	9.3.1.8.(1)
ASTM	C588 / C588M-03	Gypsum Base for Veneer Plasters	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C630 / C630M-03	Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Board	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C700-02	Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength and Perforated	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
ASTM	C931 / C931M-04	Exterior Gypsum Soffit Board	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C960 / C960M-04	Predecorated Gypsum Board	3.1.5.11.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C1002-01	Steel Self-Piercing Tapping Screws for the Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Wood Studs or Steel Studs	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.24.1.4.(1)
			9.29.5.7.(1)
ASTM	C1053-00	Borosilicate Glass Pipe and Fittings for Drain, Waste and Vent (DWV) Applications	7.2.8.1.(1)
ASTM	C1177 / C1177M-04e1	Glass Mat Gypsum Substrate for Use as Sheathing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
ASTM	C1178 / C1178M-04	Glass Mat Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Panel	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C1395 / C1395M-04	Gypsum Ceiling Board	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	C1396 / C1396M-03a	Gypsum Board	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
ASTM	D374-99	Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation	3.15.4.1.(1)(c)
ASTM	D568-77	Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Flexible Plastics in a Vertical Position	3.15.4.1.(1)(b)
ASTM	D635-03	Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position	3.15.4.1.(1)(a)
ASTM	D2178-97a	Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
ASTM	D2898-94	Accelerated Weathering of Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing	3.1.5.5.(4)
			3.1.5.21.(1)
ASTM	D3261-03	Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing	7.2.5.5.(3)
ASTM	E90-04	Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements	5.9.1.1.(1)
			9.11.1.1.(1)
ASTM	E96-00e1	Water Vapour Transmission of Materials	5.5.1.2.(3)
			9.25.1.2.(1)
			9.25.4.2.(1)
			9.30.1.2.(1)
ASTM	E283-04	Determining the Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differentiation Across the Specimen	9.6.5.4.(1)
			9.6.5.5.(1)
			9.7.1.7.(1)
			12.3.3.13.(1)
ASTM	E336-97e1	Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation in Buildings	5.9.1.1.(1)
			9.11.1.1.(1)
ASTM	E413-87	Classification for Rating Sound Insulation	5.9.1.1.(1)
			9.11.1.1.(1)
ASTM	E2190-02	Insulating Glass Unit Performance and Evaluation	9.7.3.1.(1)
ASTM	F476-84	Security of Swinging Door Assemblies	9.6.8.10.(1)
ASTM	F628-01	Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe With a Cellular Core	7.2.5.10.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(1)
ASTM	F714-03	Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter	7.2.5.6.(1)
AWPA	M4-02	Care of Preservative-Treated Wood Products	4.2.3.2.(2)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
BNQ	NQ3624-115-2000	Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings - Flexible Corrugated Pipes for Drainage - Characteristics and Test Methods	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
CCBFC	NRCC 38730	Model National Energy Code for Buildings 1997	6.2.2.1.(1)
			12.2.1.1.(2)
			12.2.1.2.(2)
CCBFC	NRCC 47666	National Building Code of Canada, 2005	1.3.1.2.(3) of Division A
			2.4.2.2.(1)(b)(iii) of Division C
CCBFC	NRCC 47677	National Fire Code of Canada 2005	3.3.1.2.(1)
			3.3.5.2.(1)
			6.2.2.5.(1)
CCBFC	NRCC 38732	National Farm Building Code of Canada 1995	1.3.1.2.(1) of Division A
			1.3.1.2.(2) of Division A
			1.3.1.2.(3) of Division A
			1.3.1.2.(4) of Division A
			4.4.5.1.(1)
CCBFC	NRCC 47668	National Plumbing Code of Canada, 2005	2.4.2.2.(1)(b)(iii) of Division C
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-1.501-M89	Method of Permeance of Coated Wallboard	5.5.1.2.(2)
			9.25.4.2.(6)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-7.1-98	Lightweight Steel Wall Framing Components	9.24.1.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-7.2-97	Adjustable Steel Columns	9.17.3.4.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-10.3-92	Air Setting Refractory Mortar	9.21.3.4.(2)
			9.21.3.9.(1)
			9.22.2.2.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-11.3-M87	Hardboard	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.10.1.(2)
			9.29.7.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-11.5-M87	Hardboard, Precoated, Factory Finished, for Exterior Cladding	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.10.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.1-M90	Tempered or Laminated Safety Glass	3.3.1.19.(2)
			3.4.6.14.(1)
			3.4.6.14.(3)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.6.6.2.(2)
			9.7.3.1.(1)
			9.8.8.7.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.2-M91	Flat, Clear Sheet Glass	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.3-M91	Flat, Clear Float Glass	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.4-M91	Heat Absorbing Glass	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.5-M86	Mirrors, Silvered	9.6.6.3.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.8-97	Insulating Glass Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.10-M76	Glass, Light and Heat Reflecting	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.11-M90	Wired Safety Glass	3.3.1.19.(2)
			3.4.6.14.(1)
			3.4.6.14.(3)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.6.6.2.(2)
			9.7.3.1.(1)
			9.8.8.7.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-12.20-M89	Structural Design of Glass for Buildings	4.3.6.1.(1)
			9.7.3.2.(1)
CGSB	19-GP-5M-1984	Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.4.2.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-19.13-M87	Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.4.2.(2)
CGSB	19-GP-14M-1984	Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.4.2.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-19.22-M89	Mildew Resistant Sealing Compound for Tubs and Tile	9.29.10.5.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-19.24-M90	Multicomponent, Chemical-Curing Sealing Compound	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.4.2.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.4-M89	Siding, Asbestos-Cement, Shingles and Clapboards	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.5-M89	Sheets, Asbestos-Cement, Corrugated	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.9-M94	Asbestos-Cement Sewer Pipe	7.2.5.1.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.14-M89	Sheets, Asbestos-Cement, Decorative	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.16-M89	Sheets, Asbestos-Cement, Flat, Fully Compressed	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.17-M89	Sheets, Asbestos-Cement, Flat, Semicompressed	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.21-M89	Panels, Sandwich, Asbestos-Cement with Insulating Cores	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.8.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.22-94	Asbestos-Cement Drain Pipe	Table 5.10.1.1.
			7.2.5.1.(1)
			9.14.3.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-34.23-94	Asbestos-Cement House Connection Sewer Pipe	7.2.5.1.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.1-M89	Chemical Emulsified Type, Emulsified Asphalt for Dampproofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.2-M88	Emulsified Asphalt, Mineral Colloid Type, Unfilled, for Dampproofing and Waterproofing and for Roof Coatings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
			9.13.3.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.3-M89	Application of Emulsified Asphalts for Dampproofing or Waterproofing	5.8.2.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.3.(1)
			9.13.3.3.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.4-M89	Fibrated, Cutback Asphalt, Lap Cement for Asphalt Roofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.5-M89	Cutback Asphalt Plastic Cement	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-6Ma-1983	Asphalt, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing	5.8.2.2.(6)
			5.8.2.2.(7)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.8-M88	Asphalt, Cutback, Filled, for Roof Coating	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-9Ma-1983	Primer, Asphalt, Unfilled, for Asphalt Roofing, Dampproofing and Waterproofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-12Ma-1984	Application of Unfilled Cutback Asphalt for Dampproofing	5.8.2.3.(2)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.3.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.16-M89	Filled, Cutback Asphalt for Dampproofing and Waterproofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
			9.13.3.2.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-18Ma-1985	Tar, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing	5.8.2.2.(6)
			5.8.2.2.(7)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-21M-1985	Tar, Cutback, Fibrated, For Roof Coating	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.22-M89	Application of Unfilled, Cutback Tar Foundation Coating for Dampproofing	5.8.2.3.(2)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.3.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-36M-1976	Application of Filled Cutback Asphalt for Dampproofing and Waterproofing	5.8.2.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
CGSB	37-GP-37M-1977	Application of Hot Asphalt for Dampproofing or Waterproofing	5.8.2.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.50-M89	Hot Applied, Rubberized Asphalt for Roofing and Waterproofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.51-M90	Application for Hot Applied Rubberized Asphalt for Roofing and Waterproofing	5.6.1.3.(1)
			5.8.2.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.15.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-52M-1984	Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane, Sheet Applied, Elastomeric	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-37.54-95	Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-55M-1979	Application of Sheet Applied Flexible Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing Membrane	5.6.1.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.16.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-56M-1985	Membrane, Modified, Bituminous, Prefabricated, and Reinforced for Roofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	37-GP-64M-1977	Mat Reinforcing, Fibrous Glass, for Membrane Waterproofing Systems and Built-up Roofing	Table 5.10.1.1.
CGSB	41-GP-6M-1983	Sheets, Thermosetting Polyester Plastics, Glass Fiber Reinforced	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-41.24-95	Rigid Vinyl Siding, Soffits and Fascia	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.13.1.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-51.25-M87	Thermal Insulation, Phenolic, Faced	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
CGSB	51-GP-27M-1979	Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Loose Fill	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-51.32-M77	Sheathing, Membrane, Breather Type	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.13.9.(1)
			9.26.2.1.(1)
			9.27.3.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-51.33-M89	Vapour Barrier, Sheet, Excluding Polyethylene, for Use in Building Construction	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.25.4.2.(5)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-51.34-M86 (amended 1988)	Vapour Barrier, Polyethylene Sheet for Use in Building Construction	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
			9.13.4.2.(1)
			9.18.6.2.(1)
			9.25.3.2.(2)
			9.25.4.2.(4)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-63.14-M89	Plastic Skylights	5.10.1.1.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.7.1.(1)
			9.7.7.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-82.1-M89	Sliding Doors	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.6.5.2.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-82.5-M88	Insulated Steel Doors	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.6.5.3.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-82.6-M86	Doors, Mirrored Glass, Sliding or Folding, Wardrobe	9.6.6.3.(1)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-93.1-M85	Sheet, Aluminum Alloy, Prefinished Residential	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.12.1.(4)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-93.2-M91	Prefinished Aluminum Siding, Soffits and Facsia for Residential Use	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.12.1.(3)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-93.3-M91	Prefinished Galvanized and Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Steel Sheet for Residential Use	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.12.1.(2)
CGSB	CAN/CGSB-93.4-92	Galvanized Steel and Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Siding, Soffits and Fascia, Prefinished, Residential	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.12.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-6.19-01	Residential Carbon Monoxide Alarming Devices	6.2.12.3.(1)
			9.33.4.3.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A23.1-04	Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction	4.2.3.6.(1)
			4.2.3.9.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.1.1.(4)
			9.3.1.3.(1)
			9.3.1.4.(1)
			9.40.1.4.(1)
CSA	A23.3-04	Design of Concrete Structures	Table 4.1.8.9.
			4.3.3.1.(1)
CSA	A60.1-M1976	Vitrified Clay Pipe	7.2.5.4.(1)
CSA	A60.3-M1976	Vitrified Clay Pipe Joints	7.2.5.4.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A82.1-M87	Burned Clay Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	A82.3-M1978	Calcium Silicate (Sand-Lime) Building Brick	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	A82.4-M1978	Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	A82.5-M1978	Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN3-A82.8-M78	Hollow Clay Brick	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A82.27-M91	Gypsum Board	3.1.5.12.(4)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.29.5.2.(1)
CSA	A82.30-M1980	Interior Furring, Lathing and Gypsum Plastering	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.29.4.1.(1)
CSA	A82.31-M1980	Gypsum Board Application	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.10.12.4.(3)
			9.29.5.1.(2)
CSA	CAN3-A93-M82	Natural Airflow Ventilators for Buildings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.19.1.2.(5)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A123.1-98	Asphalt Shingles Made from Organic Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	A123.2-03	Asphalt Coated Roofing Sheets	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A123.3-98	Asphalt Saturated Organic Roofing Felt	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A123.4-04	Asphalt for Constructing Built-Up Roof Coverings and Waterproofing Systems	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.13.2.2.(1)
			9.13.3.2.(1)
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A123.5-98	Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	A123.17-1963	Asphalt-Saturated Felted Glass-Fibre Mat for Use in Construction of Built-Up Roofs	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN3-A123.51-M85	Asphalt Shingle Application on Roof Slopes 1:3 and Steeper	5.6.1.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.1.2.(1)
CSA	CAN3-A123.52-M85	Asphalt Shingle Application on Roof Slopes 1:6 to Less than 1:3	5.6.1.3.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.1.2.(1)
CSA	A165.1-04	Concrete Block Masonry Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.15.2.2.(1)
			9.17.5.1.(1)
			9.20.2.1.(1)
			9.20.2.6.(1)
CSA	A165.2-04	Concrete Brick Masonry Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	A165.3-04	Prefaced Concrete Masonry Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN3-A165.4-M85	Autoclaved Cellular Units	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.20.2.1.(1)
CSA	A179-04	Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.15.2.2.(3)
			9.20.3.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A220.0-M91	Performance of Concrete Roof Tiles	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A220.1-M91	Installation of Concrete Roof Tiles	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.17.1.(1)
CSA	A257 Series-03	Standards for Concrete Pipe and Manhole Sections	7.2.5.3.(1)
CSA	A257.4-03	Precast Reinforced Circular Concrete Manhole Sections, Catch Basins, and Fittings	7.2.5.3.(5)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A277–01	Procedures for Certification of Factory-Built Houses	9.1.1.9.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A324-M88	Clay Flue Liners	9.21.3.3.(1)
CSA	A371-04	Masonry Construction for Buildings	5.6.1.3.(2)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.15.2.2.(3)
			9.20.3.2.(7)
			9.20.15.2.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A405-M87	Design and Construction of Masonry Chimneys and Fireplaces	9.21.3.5.(1)
			9.22.1.4.(1)
			9.22.5.2.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A438-00	Concrete Construction for Housing and Small Buildings	9.3.1.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A440-00	Windows	5.10.1.1.(3)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.2.1.(1)
			9.7.2.1.(2)
			9.7.6.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A440.1-00	User Selection Guide to CSA Standard CAN/CSA-A440-00, Windows	5.10.1.1.(3)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.7.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A440.2-04	Energy Performance Evaluation of Windows and Sliding Glass Doors	12.3.1.3.(1)
CSA	A660-04	Certification of Manufacturers of Steel Building Systems	4.3.4.3.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-A3001-03	Cementitious Materials for Use in Concrete	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.1.2.(1)
			9.28.2.1.(1)
CSA	B44-00	Safety Code for Elevators	3.2.6.7.(2)
			3.5.2.1.(1)
			3.5.2.1.(2)
			3.5.2.1.(3)
			3.5.4.2.(1)
			Table 4.1.5.12.
			7.4.3.6.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.0-02	General Requirements for Plumbing Fixtures	7.6.4.2.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.1-02	Ceramic Plumbing Fixtures	7.2.2.2.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.2-02	Enamelled Cast Iron Plumbing Fixtures	7.2.2.2.(3)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.3-02	Porcelain-Enamelled Steel Plumbing Fixtures	7.2.2.2.(4)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.4-02	Stainless Steel Plumbing Fixtures	7.2.2.2.(5)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.5-02	Plastic Plumbing Fixtures	7.2.2.2.(6)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.9-02	Macerating Systems and Related Components	7.2.2.2.(8)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B45.10-01	Hydromassage Bathtubs	7.2.2.2.(7)
CSA	B52-99	Mechanical Refrigeration Code	6.2.2.4.(4)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.0-01	Definitions, General Requirements, and Test Methods for Vacuum Breakers and Backflow Preventers	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.1.1-01	Vacuum Breakers, Atmospheric Type (AVB)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.1.2-01	Vacuum Breakers, Pressure Type (PVB)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.2-01	Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection Type (HCVB)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.2.1-01	Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection Type (HCVB) with Manual Draining Feature	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.2.2-01	Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection Type (HCVB) with Automatic Draining Feature	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.3-01	Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve Type Atmospheric Port (DACP)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.4-01	Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type (RP)	7.2.10.10.(1)
			7.6.2.3.(4)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.4.1-01	Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type for Fire Systems (RPF)	7.6.2.4.(2); Table 7.6.2.4.
			7.6.2.4.(4)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.5-01	Backflow Preventers, Double Check Valve Type (DCVA)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.5.1-01	Backflow Preventers, Double Check Valve Type for Fire Systems (DCVAF)	7.6.2.4.(2)
			Table 7.6.2.4.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.6-01	Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve Type (DuC)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.6.1-01	Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve Type for Fire Systems (DuCF)	7.6.2.4.(2)
			Table 7.6.2.4.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.7-01	Vacuum Breakers, Laboratory Faucet Type (LFVP)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.8-01	Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve Type with Intermediate Vent (DuCV)	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.9-01	Backflow Preventers, Single Check Valve Type for Fire Systems (SCVAF)	7.6.2.4.(2)
			Table 7.6.2.4.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B64.10-01	Manual for the Selection and Installation of Backflow Prevention Devices	7.2.10.10.(1)
CSA	B66-05	Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks	8.2.2.2.(1)
			8.2.2.2.(2)
			8.2.2.2.(3)
			8.2.2.3.(7)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B70-02	Cast Iron Soil Pipe, Fittings and Means of Joining	7.2.6.1.(1)
			7.4.6.4.(2)
CSA	B111-1974	Wire Nails, Spikes and Staples	9.23.3.1.(1)
			9.26.2.2.(1)
			9.29.5.6.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B125-01	Plumbing Fittings	7.2.3.3.(1)
			7.2.10.6.(1)
			7.2.10.7.(1)
			7.2.10.7.(2)
			7.2.10.10.(2)
CSA	B127.1-99	Asbestos Cement Drain, Waste and Vent Pipe and Pipe Fittings	7.2.5.1.(1)
			7.2.6.2.(1)
CSA	B127.2-M1977	Components for Use in Asbestos Cement Building Sewer Systems	7.2.5.1.(2)
			7.2.6.2.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.1-02	Polyethylene Pipe, Tubing and Fittings for Cold Water Pressure Services	7.2.5.5.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.2-02	PVC Injection-Moulded Gasketed Fittings for Pressure Applications	7.2.5.8.(1)
			7.2.5.10.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.3-02	Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe for Pressure Applications	7.2.5.8.(1)
			7.2.5.10.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.5-02	Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Systems for Pressure Applications	7.2.5.7.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.6-02	CPVC Pipe, Tubing and Fittings for Hot and Cold Water Distribution Systems	7.2.5.9.(1)
			7.2.5.9.(2)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.9-99	Polyethylene/Aluminium/Polyethylene Composite Pressure Pipe Systems	7.2.5.13.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.10-02	Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum Crosslinked Polyethylene Composite Pressure Pipe Systems	7.2.5.14.(1)
			Table 7.2.11.2.
CSA	CAN/CSA-B137.11-02	Polypropylene (PP-R) Pipe and Fittings for Pressure Applications	7.2.5.15.(1)
CSA	B158.1-1976	Cast Brass Solder Joint Drainage, Waste and Vent Fittings	7.2.7.5.(1)
			7.2.10.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B181.1-02	ABS Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Pipe Fittings	7.2.5.10.(1)
			7.2.5.11.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(2)
			7.2.10.1.(2)
			7.4.6.4.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B181.2-02	PVC Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Pipe Fittings	7.2.5.10.(1)
			7.2.5.11.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(2)
			7.2.10.1.(3)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B181.3-02	Polyolefin Laboratory Drainage Systems	7.2.8.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B182.1-02	Plastic Drain and Sewer Pipe and Pipe Fittings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			7.2.5.10.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(2)
			7.4.6.4.(2)
			9.14.3.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B182.2-02	PVC Sewer Pipe and Fittings (PSM Type)	7.2.5.10.(1)
			7.2.5.12.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B182.4-02	Profile (Ribbed) PVC Sewer Pipe and Fittings	7.2.5.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B182.6-02	Profile Polyethylene Sewer Pipe and Fittings	7.2.5.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B182.7-02	Multilayer PVC Sewer Pipe (PSM Type) Having Reprocessed-Recycled Content	7.2.5.10.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B214-01	Installation Code for Hydronic Heating Systems	6.2.1.4.(6)
CSA	B242-M1980	Groove and Shoulder Type Mechanical Pipe Couplings	7.2.10.4.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B272-93	Prefabricated Self-Sealing Vent Flashings	7.2.10.14.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B355-00	Lifts for Persons with Physical Disabilities	3.8.3.5.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B356-00	Water Pressure Reducing Valves for Domestic Water Supply Systems	7.2.10.12.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B365-01	Installation Code for Solid-Fuel Burning Appliances and Equipment	6.2.1.4.(1)
			9.21.1.3.(2)
			9.22.10.2.(1)
			9.33.1.2.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B366.1-M91	Solid Fuel-Fired Central Heating Appliances	6.2.1.4.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-B602-99	Mechanical Couplings for Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Sewer Pipe	7.2.5.3.(2)
			7.2.10.4.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C22.2	Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables	3.1.4.3.(1)
	No. 0.3-01		3.1.4.3.(2)
			3.1.5.18.(1)
			3.1.5.18.(2)
			3.1.5.21.(1)
			3.1.5.21.(2)
			3.6.4.3.(1)
CSA	C22.2 No.113-M1984	Fans and Ventilators	9.32.3.9.(5)
CSA	C22.2 No. 141-02	Unit Equipment for Emergency Lighting	3.2.7.4.(2)
			9.9.11.3.(6)
CSA	C22.2 No. 211.0-03	General Requirements and Methods of Testing for Nonmetallic Conduit	3.1.5.20.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C22.3 No. 1-01	Overhead Systems	3.1.19.1.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C88-M90	Power Transformers and Reactors	3.6.2.7.(10)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C260-M90	Rating for the Performance of Residential Mechanical Ventilating Equipment	9.32.3.9.(1)
			9.32.3.9.(2)
			Table 9.32.3.9.
CSA	C282-05	Emergency Electrical Power Supply for Buildings	3.2.7.5.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C439-00	Rating the Performance of Heat/Energy-Recovery Ventilators	6.2.1.6.(2)
			9.32.3.11.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C448.1-02	Design and Installation of Earth Energy Systems for Commercial and Institutional Buildings	6.2.1.4.(4)
CSA	CAN/CSA-C448.2-02	Design and Installation of Earth Energy Systems for Residential and Other Small Buildings	6.2.1.4.(3)
CSA	CAN/CSA-F280-M90	Determining the Required Capacity of Residential Space Heating and Cooling Appliances	6.2.1.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-F326-M91	Residential Mechanical Ventilation Systems	6.2.1.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-F379.1-88	Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (Liquid to Liquid Heat Transfer)	7.2.10.13.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-F383-87	Installation Code for Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems	7.6.1.13.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-G30.18-M92	Billet Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement	9.3.1.1.(4)
			9.40.1.3.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-G40.21-04	Structural Quality Steel	4.2.3.8.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.4.3.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-G164-M92	Hot Dip Galvanising of Irregularly Shaped Articles	4.4.4.1.(4)
CSA	G401-01	Corrugated Steel Pipe Products	7.2.6.8.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.14.3.1.(1)
CSA	O80 Series-97	Wood Preservation	3.1.4.4.(1)
			4.2.3.2.(1)
			4.2.3.2.(2)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
CSA	O80.1-97	Preservative Treatment of All Timber Products by Pressure Processes	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.9.(5)
CSA	O80.2-97	Preservative Treatment of Lumber, Timber, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties by Pressure Processes	4.2.3.2.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.9.(5)
CSA	O80.3-97	Preservative Treatment of Piles by Pressure Processes	4.2.3.2.(1)
CSA	O80.9-97	Preservative Treatment of Plywood by Pressure Processes	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.9.(5)
CSA	O80.15-97	Preservative Treatment of Wood for Building Foundation Systems, Basements and Crawl Spaces by Pressure Processes	4.2.3.2.(1)
			Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.9.(5)
CSA	O80.34-97	Preservative Treatment of Lumber and Timbers with Borates for Use Out of Ground Contact and Continuously Protected from Liquid Water	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.9.(5)
			9.3.2.9.(6)
CSA	CAN/CSA-O86-01 (Including Supplement CAN/CSA-O86S1-05)	Engineering Design in Wood	Table 4.1.8.9.
			4.3.1.1.(1)
CSA	O115-M1982	Hardwood and Decorative Plywood	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.27.9.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
CSA	O118.1-97	Western Cedars Shakes and Shingles	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
			9.27.7.1.(1)
CSA	O118.2-M81	Eastern White Cedar Shingles	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.26.2.1.(1)
			9.27.7.1.(1)
CSA	O121-M1978	Douglas Fir Plywood	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(1)
			9.23.15.2.(1)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.27.9.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
			Table A-13
			Table A-14
			Table A-15
CSA	CAN/CSA-O122-M89	Structural Glued-Laminated Timber	Table A-11
			Table A-16
CSA	CAN/CSA-O132.2 Series-90	Wood Flush Doors	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.6.5.1.(1)
CSA	O141-05	Softwood Lumber	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.3.2.6.(1)
CSA	O151-04	Canadian Softwood Plywood	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(1)
			9.23.15.2.(1)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.27.9.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
			Table A-13
			Table A-14
			Table A-15
CSA	O153-M1980	Poplar Plywood	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(1)
			9.23.15.2.(1)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.27.9.1.(1)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-O177-M89	Qualification Code for Manufacturers of Structural Glued-Laminated Timber	4.3.1.2.(1)
			Table A-11
			Table A-16
CSA	CAN/CSA-O325.0-92	Construction Sheathing	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(1)
			9.23.14.4.(2)
			Table 9.23.14.5.B.
			9.23.15.2.(1)
			9.23.15.3.(2)
			Table 9.23.15.7.B.
			Table 9.23.16.2.B.
			9.29.9.1.(2)
			9.29.9.2.(5)
			Table A-13
			Table A-14
			Table A-15
CSA	O437.0-93	OSB and Waferboard	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.14.2.(1)
			9.23.14.4.(2)
			9.23.15.2.(1)
			9.23.15.3.(2)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.27.11.1.(1)
			9.29.9.1.(2)
			9.30.2.2.(1)
			Table A-13
			Table A-14
			Table A-15
CSA	CAN/CSA-S16-01 (Including Supplement CAN/CSA-S16S1-05)	Limit States Design of Steel Structures	Table 4.1.8.9.
			4.3.4.1.(1)
CSA	S37-01	Antennas, Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures	4.1.1.4.(2)
CSA	CAN/CSA-S136-01 (Including Supplement CAN/CSA-S136S1-04)	North American Specifications for the Design of Cold Formed Steel Structural Members (using the Appendix B provisions applicable to Canada)	4.3.4.2.(1)
CSA	CAN3-S157-M83	Strength Design in Aluminum	4.3.5.1.(1)
CSA	S304.1-04	Design of Masonry Structures	Table 4.1.8.9.
			4.3.2.1.(1)
CSA	S307-M1980	Load Test Procedure for Wood Roof Trusses for Houses and Small Buildings	9.23.13.11.(5)
CSA	CAN3-S367-M81	Air Supported Structures	4.4.1.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-S406-92	Construction of Preserved Wood Foundations	9.13.2.8.(1)
			9.15.2.4.(1)
			9.16.5.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-S413-94	Parking Structures	4.4.2.1.(1)
CSA	S478-95	Guideline on Durability in Buildings	5.1.4.2.(3)
CSA	Z32-04	Electrical Safety and Essential Electrical Systems in Health Care Facilities	3.2.7.3.(4)
			3.2.7.6.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z91-M90	Safety Code for Window Cleaning Operations	4.4.4.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z240.2.1-92	Structural Requirements for Mobile Homes	9.1.1.9.(1)
			9.12.2.2.(6)
			9.15.1.3.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z240.3.1-92	Plumbing Requirements for Mobile Homes	9.1.1.9.(1)
CSA	CSA Z240.10.1-94	Site Preparation, Foundation and Anchorage of Mobile Homes	9.15.1.3.(1)
			9.23.6.3.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z241 Series-03	Park Model Trailers	9.39.1.1.(1)
			9.39.2.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z305.1-92	Non-Flammable Medical Gas Piping Systems	3.7.3.1.(1)
CSA	CAN/CSA-Z317.2-01	Special Requirements for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems in Health Care Facilities	6.2.1.1.(1)
CWC	2004	Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction	9.4.1.1.(1)
DBR	Building Research Note No. 126, 1979	Relation Between Thermal Resistance and Heat Storage in Building Enclosures	12.3.3.8.(1)
DBR	Technical Paper No. 194,	Fire Endurance of Protected Steel Columns and Beams	Table 11.5.1.1.A.
	May 1965		Table 11.5.1.1.B.
			Table 11.5.1.1.C.
			Table 11.5.1.1.D/E.
			Table 11.5.1.1.F.
DBR	Technical Paper No. 207,	Fire Endurance of Unit Masonry Walls	Table 11.5.1.1.A.
	October 1965		Table 11.5.1.1.B.
			Table 11.5.1.1.C.
			Table 11.5.1.1.D/E.
			Table 11.5.1.1.F.
DBR	Technical Paper No. 222,	Fire Endurance of Light Framed and Miscellaneous Assemblies	Table 11.5.1.1.A.
	June 1966		Table 11.5.1.1.B.
			Table 11.5.1.1.C.
			Table 11.5.1.1.D/E.
			Table 11.5.1.1.F.
FINA	2005	Rules and Regulations - FINA Facilities Rules 2005-2009 - FR5 Diving Facilities	3.11.4.1.(17)
HI	2005	Hydronics Institute Manuals	6.2.1.1.(1)
HRAI	2005	Digest	6.2.1.1.(1)
			6.2.3.5.(1)
			6.2.4.3.(12)
HUD	Rehabilitation Guidelines No. 8 - 1980	Guideline on Fire Ratings of Archaic Materials and Assemblies	Table 11.5.1.1.A.
			Table 11.5.1.1.B.
			Table 11.5.1.1.C.
			Table 11.5.1.1.D/E.
			Table 11.5.1.1.F.
HVI	HVI 915-2006	Procedure for Loudness Rating of Residential Fan Products	9.32.3.9.(2)
			Table 9.32.3.9.
HVI	HVI 916-2005	Airflow Test Procedure	9.32.3.9.(1)
ISO	ISO 8201; 1987(E)	Acoustics - Audible Emergency Evacuation Signal	3.2.4.18.(2)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SA-1, June, 2006	Objectives and Functional Statements Attributed to the Acceptable Solutions	1.2.1.1.(1) of Division A
			1.2.1.1.(2) of Division A
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-1, June, 2006	Climatic and Seismic Data	5.2.1.1.(1)
			5.2.1.1.(2)
			9.4.1.1.(3)
			9.4.2.2.(1)
			Table 9.25.1.2.
			Table 9.32.3.10.A.
			9.33.3.2.(1)
			Table 12.3.2.1.
			Table 12.3.4.2.A.
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-2, June, 2006	Fire Performance Ratings	3.1.5.23.(1); 3.1.7.1.(2)
			3.1.8.14.(2); 3.1.9.5.(1)
			3.1.9.5.(2); 3.1.12.1.(3)
			3.2.3.12.(1); 3.2.3.13.(4)
			3.13.2.1.(8); 3.13.3.5.(1)
			3.13.3.6.(2); 3.13.4.2.(7)
			9.10.3.1.(1); 9.10.3.2.(1)
			9.10.5.1.(4); 9.10.9.9.(1)
			9.10.13.14.(1)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-3, August 15, 2006	Fire and Sound Resistance of Building Assemblies	9.10.3.1.(1) 9.10.5.1.(4)
			9.11.2.1.(1)
			9.11.2.1.(2)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-4, June, 2006	Measures for Fire Safety in High Buildings	3.2.6.9.(3)
			3.2.6.10.(2)
			3.2.6.14.(1)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-5, June, 2006	Approved Sewage Treatment Units	8.6.2.2.(5)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-6, June, 2006	Percolation Times and Soil Descriptions	8.2.1.2.(2)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-7, June, 2006	Construction Requirements for Guards	9.8.8.2.(5)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-8, June, 2006	Design, Construction and Installation of Anchorage Systems for Fixed Access Ladders	3.6.1.5.(1)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-9, June, 2006	Requirements for Soil Gas Control	9.13.4.1.(1)
			9.13.4.2.(2) to (4)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-10, June, 2006	Energy Efficiency Supplement	12.2.1.1.(2)
			12.3.4.1.(1)
			12.3.4.4.(3)
			12.3.4.6.(1)
			12.3.4.7.(3)
			12.3.4.12.(1)
MAH	Supplementary Standard SB-11, June, 2006	Construction of Farm Buildings	1.3.1.2.(4) of Division A
MAH	Supplementary Standard SC-1, June, 2006	Code of Conduct for Registered Code Agencies	3.7.4.1.(2) of Division C
MOE	Guidelines 1985, with Subsequent Revision	Guidelines for the Design of Sanitary Sewage Works, Storm Sewers, Water Storage Facilities, Water Distribution Systems, Servicing in areas subject to adverse conditions, Water Supply for small residential development and seasonally operated water supply	7.1.6.5.(1)
NFPA	2005 Publication	National Fire Codes	6.2.1.1.(1)
NFPA	13-1999	Installation of Sprinkler Systems	3.2.4.8.(2); 3.2.4.16.(1)
			3.2.5.13.(1); 3.2.8.4.(7)
			3.3.2.12.(3); 3.15.1.1.(3)
			3.15.1.1.(4); 3.15.1.5.(2)
			3.15.1.6.(2); 3.15.2.1.(1)
			3.15.2.2.(1); 3.15.3.1.(1)
NFPA	13D-2002	Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes	3.2.5.13.(3)
NFPA	13R-2002	Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and including Four Stories in Height	3.2.5.13.(2)
NFPA	14-2003	Installation of Standpipe, Private Hydrants and Hose Systems	3.2.9.2.(1)
NFPA	20-2003	Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection	3.2.5.19.(1)
NFPA	24-2002	Installation of Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances	7.2.11.1.(1)
NFPA	80-1999	Fire Doors and Windows	3.1.8.5.(2)
			3.1.8.10.(2)
			3.1.8.12.(2)
			3.1.8.12.(3)
			3.1.8.14.(1)
			3.12.3.1.(2)
			9.10.13.1.(1)
NFPA	82-2004	Incinerators, Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment	6.2.6.1.(1)
			9.10.10.5.(2)
NFPA	96-2001	Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations	6.2.2.6.(1)
NFPA	130-2003	Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems	3.12.7.1.(1)
NFPA	211-2003	Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances	6.3.1.2.(2)
			6.3.1.3.(1)
NFPA	214-2005	Water-Cooling Towers	6.2.3.14.(3)
NFPA	701-2004	Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and Films	3.14.1.6.(1)
			3.14.2.5.(1)
NLGA	2004	Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber (Interpretation Included)	1.4.1.2.(1) of Division A
			9.3.2.1.(1)
			Table 9.3.2.1.
			Tables A-1 to A-10
NRCan	January 2005	Energuide for New Houses: Administrative and Technical Procedures	12.2.1.1.(3)
			12.2.1.2.(3)
NSF/ANSI	46-2005	Evaluation of Components and Devices Used in Wastewater Treatment Systems	8.6.2.1.(2)
SMACNA	1995, 2nd Ediiton	HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible	6.2.4.2.(3)
			12.3.4.5.(1)
			12.3.4.5.(2)
TC		Canadian Aviation Regulations - Part III	4.1.5.14.
TPIC	1996	Truss Design Procedures and Specifications for Light Metal Plate Connected Wood Trusses	9.23.13.11.(6)
UL	UL 300-2005	Fire Extinguishing Systems for Protection of Restaurant Cooking Areas	6.2.2.6.(2)
UL	UL 2034-1996	Single and Multiple Station Carbon Monoxide Alarms	6.2.3.12.(1)
			9.33.4.3.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S101-04	Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials	3.1.5.12.(3)
			3.1.5.12.(4)
			3.1.5.12.(6)
			3.1.7.1.(1)
			3.1.11.7.(1)
			3.2.3.8.(1)
			3.2.6.9.(6)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S102-03	Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies	3.1.5.25.(1)
			3.1.12.1.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S102.2-03	Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Flooring, Floor Coverings, and Miscellaneous Materials and Assemblies	3.1.12.1.(2)
			3.1.13.4.(1)
ULC	S102.3-M82	Fire Test of Light Diffusers and Lenses	3.1.13.4.(1)
ULC	CAN4-S104-M80	Fire Tests of Door Assemblies	3.1.8.4.(1)
			3.2.6.9.(3)
ULC	CAN4-S105-M85	Fire Door Frames Meeting the Performance Required by CAN4-S104	9.10.13.6.(1)
ULC	CAN4-S106-M80	Fire Tests of Window and Glass Block Assemblies	3.1.8.4.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S107-03	Fire Tests of Roof Coverings	3.1.15.1.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S109-03	Flame Tests of Flame-Resistant Fabrics and Films	3.1.16.1.(1)
			3.14.1.6.(1)
			3.14.2.5.(1)
			6.2.3.17.(1)
			6.2.3.18.(1)
			6.2.4.9.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S110-M86	Tests for Air Ducts	6.2.3.2.(2)
			6.2.3.2.(4)
ULC	ULC-S111-95	Fire Tests for Air Filter Units	6.2.3.13.(1)
			6.2.4.14.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S112-M90	Fire Test of Fire-Damper Assemblies	3.1.8.4.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S112.1-M90	Leakage Rated Dampers for Use in Smoke Control Systems	6.2.3.9.(3)
ULC	CAN4-S112.2-M84	Fire Test of Ceiling Firestop Flap Assemblies	3.1.9.5.(2)
			3.6.4.3.(2)
ULC	CAN4-S113-79	Wood Core Doors Meeting the Performance Required by CAN4-S104-77 for Twenty Minute Fire Rated Closure Assemblies	9.10.13.2.(1)
ULC	CAN4-S114-M80	Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials	1.4.1.2.(1) of Division A
ULC	ULC-S115-95	Fire Tests of Firestop Systems	3.1.5.16.(3)
			3.1.9.1.(1)
			3.1.9.1.(2)
			3.1.9.4.(4)
			9.10.9.7.(3)
ULC	CAN4-S124-M85	Test for the Evaluation of Protective Coverings for Foamed Plastic	3.1.5.12.(2)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S126-M86	Test for Fire Spread Under Roof-Deck Assemblies	3.1.14.1.(1)
			3.1.14.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S134-92	Fire Test of Exterior Wall Assemblies	3.1.5.5.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S135-04	Test Method for the Determination of Combustibility Parameters of Building Materials Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter (Cone Calorimeter)	3.1.5.1.(2)
ULC	ULC-S139-00	Fire Test for Evaluation of Integrity of Electrical Cables	3.2.7.10.(2)
ULC	S505-1974	Fusible Links for Fire Protection Service	3.1.8.9.(1)
ULC	S513-1978	Threaded Couplings for 38 mm and 65 mm Fire Hose	3.2.9.2.(7)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S524-01	Installation of Fire Alarm Systems	3.2.4.5.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S531-02	Smoke Alarms	3.2.4.21.(1)
			9.10.19.1.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S537-04	Verification of Fire Alarm Systems	3.2.4.5.(2)
ULC	S543-M84	Internal Lug Quick Connect Couplings for Fire Hoses	3.2.9.2.(7)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S553-02	Installation of Smoke Alarms	3.2.4.21.(7)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S561-03	Installation and Services for Fire Signal Receiving Centres and Systems	3.2.4.7.(4)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S610-M87	Factory-Built Fireplaces	9.22.8.1.(1)
ULC	ULC-S628-93	Fireplace Inserts	9.22.10.1.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S629-M87	650ºC Factory-Built Chimneys	9.21.1.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S639-M87	Steel Liner Assemblies for Solid Fuel-Burning Masonry Fireplaces	9.22.2.3.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S701-01	Thermal Insulation, Polystyrene, Boards and Pipe Covering	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.15.4.1.(1)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
			9.25.2.2.(4)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S702-97	Mineral Fibre Thermal Insulation for Buildings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S703-01	Cellulose Fibre Insulation (CFI) for Buildings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S704-03	Thermal Insulation, Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Boards, Faced	Table 5.10.1.1.
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S705.1-01	Thermal Insulation - Spray Applied Rigid Polyurethane Foam, Medium Density - Material Specification	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S705.2-98	Thermal Insulation - Spray Applied Rigid Polyurethane Foam, Medium Density, Installers’s Responsibilities - Specification	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
			9.25.2.5.(1)
ULC	CAN/ULC-S706-02	Wood Fibre Thermal Insulation for Buildings	Table 5.10.1.1.
			9.23.15.7.(3)
			Table 9.23.16.2.A.
			9.25.2.2.(1)
			9.29.8.1.(1)
ULC	ULC/ORD-C263.1-99	Sprinkler-Protected Window Systems	3.1.8.18.(1)
ULC	ULC/ORD-C199P-02	Combustible Piping for Sprinkler Systems	3.2.5.14.(2)
			3.2.5.14.(5)
ULC	ULC/ORD-C376-1995	Fire Growth of Foamed Plastic Insulated Building Panels in a Full-Scale Room Configuration	3.1.5.12.(7)
ULC	ULC/ORD-C1254.6-1995	Fire Testing of Restaurant Cooking Area Fire Extinguishing System Units	6.2.2.6.(2)

1.3.2. Abbreviations

1.3.2.1. Abbreviations of Proper Names

(1) In this Code, an abbreviation of proper names listed in Column 1 of Table 1.3.2.1. shall have the meaning assigned opposite it in Column 2.

TABLE 1.3.2.1.
ABBREVIATIONS OF PROPER NAMES

Column 1	Column 2
Abbreviation	Meaning
ACGIH	American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
ANSI	American National Standards Institute
APHA	American Public Health Association
ASHRAE	American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
ASME	The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASSE	American Society of Sanitary Engineering
ASTM	American Society for Testing and Materials
AWPA	American Wood-Preservers’ Association
AWWA	American Water Works Association
BNQ	Bureau de Normalisation du Québec
CAN	National Standard of Canada designation
	The number or name following the CAN designation represents the agency under whose auspices the standard is issued.
	CAN1 designates CGA,
	CAN2 designates CGSB,
	CAN3 designates CSA, and
	CAN4 designates ULC.
CCBFC	Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes
CGSB	Canadian General Standards Board
CSA	Canadian Standards Association
CWC	Canadian Wood Council
DBR	Division of Building Research, known as the Institute for Research in Construction since 1985
FINA	Fédération Internationale de Natation Amateur
HI	Hydronics Institute
HRAI	Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Institute of Canada
HVI	Home Ventilating Institute
IESNA	Illuminating Engineering Society of North America
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
HUD	U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
MAH	Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing
MOE	Ontario Ministry of the Environment
NFPA	National Fire Protection Association
NLGA	National Lumber Grades Authority
NRCan	Natural Resources Canada
NSF	NSF International, formerly called National Sanitation Federation
SMACNA	Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association Inc.
TC	Transport Canada
TPIC	Truss Plate Institute of Canada
UL	Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
ULC	Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada
WEF	World Environment Federation

O. Reg. 350/06, Division B, Part 1; O. Reg. 137/07, s. 7.

PART 2

(Reserved)

PART 3
FIRE PROTECTION, OCCUPANT SAFETY AND ACCESSIBILITY

Section	3.1.	General
	3.1.1.	Scope
	3.1.2.	Classification of Buildings or Parts of Buildings by Major Occupancy
	3.1.3.	Multiple Occupancy Requirements
	3.1.4.	Combustible Construction
	3.1.5.	Noncombustible Construction
	3.1.6.	Reserved
	3.1.7.	Fire-Resistance Ratings
	3.1.8.	Fire Separations and Closures
	3.1.9.	Building Services in Fire Separations and Fire Rated Assemblies
	3.1.10.	Firewalls
	3.1.11.	Fire Stops in Concealed Spaces
	3.1.12.	Flame-Spread Rating and Smoke Developed Classification
	3.1.13.	Interior Finish
	3.1.14.	Roof Assemblies
	3.1.15.	Roof Covering
	3.1.16.	Fabrics
	3.1.17.	Occupant Load
	3.1.18.	Drainage and Grades
	3.1.19.	Above Ground Electrical Conductors
Section	3.2.	Building Fire Safety
	3.2.1.	General
	3.2.2.	Building Size and Construction Relative to Occupancy
	3.2.3.	Spatial Separation and Exposure Protection
	3.2.4.	Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
	3.2.5.	Provisions for Fire Fighting
	3.2.6.	Additional Requirements for High Buildings
	3.2.7.	Lighting and Emergency Power Systems
	3.2.8.	Mezzanines and Openings Through Floor Assemblies
	3.2.9.	Standpipe Systems
Section	3.3.	Safety Within Floor Areas
	3.3.1.	All Floor Areas
	3.3.2.	Assembly Occupancy
	3.3.3.	Care or Detention Occupancy
	3.3.4.	Residential Occupancy
	3.3.5.	Industrial Occupancy
Section	3.4.	Exits
	3.4.1.	General
	3.4.2.	Number and Location of Exits from Floor Areas
	3.4.3.	Width and Height of Exits
	3.4.4.	Fire Separation of Exits
	3.4.5.	Exit Signs
	3.4.6.	Types of Exit Facilities
	3.4.7.	Fire Escapes
Section	3.5.	Vertical Transportation
	3.5.1.	General
	3.5.2.	Elevator Requirements
	3.5.3.	Fire Separations
	3.5.4.	Dimensions and Signs
Section	3.6.	Service Facilities
	3.6.1.	General
	3.6.2.	Service Rooms
	3.6.3.	Vertical Service Spaces and Service Facilities
	3.6.4.	Horizontal Service Spaces and Service Facilities
Section	3.7.	Health Requirements
	3.7.1.	Height and Area of Rooms
	3.7.2.	Windows
	3.7.3.	Reserved
	3.7.4.	Plumbing Facilities
	3.7.5.	Health Care Facility Systems
	3.7.6.	Food Premises
Section	3.8.	Barrier-Free Design
	3.8.1.	General
	3.8.2.	Occupancy Requirements
	3.8.3.	Design Standards
Section	3.9.	Portable Classrooms
	3.9.1.	Scope
	3.9.2.	Interior Finish
	3.9.3.	Application
Section	3.10.	Self-Service Storage Buildings
	3.10.1.	Scope
	3.10.2.	Requirements for All Buildings
	3.10.3.	Additional Requirements for Buildings Containing more than 1 Storey
	3.10.4.	Additional Requirements for 1 Storey Buildings
Section	3.11.	Public Pools
	3.11.1.	General
	3.11.2.	Designations of Public Pools
	3.11.3.	Pool and Pool Deck Design and Construction Requirements for All Class A and Class B Pools
	3.11.4.	Public Pools Equipped with Diving Boards or Diving Platforms
	3.11.5.	Ramps into Public Pools in Group B, Division 2 or 3, Major Occupancies
	3.11.6.	Modified Pools
	3.11.7.	Wave Action Pools
	3.11.8.	Recirculation for Public Pools
	3.11.9.	Dressing Rooms, Locker Facilities and Plumbing Facilities for All Public Pools
	3.11.10.	Emergency Provisions for All Public Pools
	3.11.11.	Service Rooms and Storage for All Public Pools
Section	3.12.	Public Spas
	3.12.1.	General
	3.12.2.	Public Spa and Deck Design and Construction Requirements
	3.12.3.	Ramps into Public Spas
	3.12.4.	Water Circulation for Public Spas
	3.12.5.	Emergency Provisions for All Public Spas
	3.12.6.	Service Rooms and Storage for All Public Spas
Section	3.13.	Rapid Transit Stations
	3.13.1.	Scope and Definitions
	3.13.2.	Construction Requirements
	3.13.3.	Safety Requirements Within Stations
	3.13.4.	Means of Egress
	3.13 5.	Fire Safety Provisions
	3.13.6.	Required Sanitary Facilities
	3.13.7.	Emergency Ventilation
	3.13.8.	Barrier-Free Design
Section	3.14.	Tents and Air-Supported Structures
	3.14.1.	Tents
	3.14.2.	Air-Supported Structures
Section	3.15.	Signs
	3.15.1.	Scope
	3.15.2.	Alterations
	3.15.3	Structural Requirements
	3.15.4.	Plastic Sign Facing Materials
	3.15.5	Location Restrictions
Section	3.16.	Shelf and Rack Storage Systems
	3.16.1.	Scope
	3.16.2.	Storage of Class I, II, III and IV Commodities
	3.16.3.	Storage of Group A, B and C Plastics and Rubber Tires
Section	3.17.	Additional Requirements For Change of Use
	3.17.1.	Scope
	3.17.2.	Additional Construction

Section 3.1. General

3.1.1. Scope

3.1.1.1. Scope

(1) The scope of this Part shall be as described in Subsection 1.1.2. of Division A.

3.1.1.2. Reserved

3.1.1.3. Radon

(1) In addition to all other requirements, a building in the following designated areas shall be designed and constructed so that the annual average concentration of radon 222 does not exceed 250 millibecquerels per litre of air and the annual average concentration of the short lived daughters of radon 222 does not exceed 0.02 working levels inside the building:

(a) The Town of Elliot Lake in the Territorial District of Algoma,

(b) The Township of Faraday in the County of Hastings, and

(c) The geographic Township of Hyman in the Territorial District of Sudbury.

3.1.1.4. Building in Flood Plains

(1) Buildings constructed on flood plains shall,

(a) be designed and constructed in accordance with good engineering practice to withstand anticipated vertical and horizontal hydrostatic pressures acting on the structure, and

(b) incorporate floodproofing measures that will preserve the integrity of exits and means of egress during times of flooding.

3.1.2. Classification of Buildings or Parts of Buildings by Major Occupancy

3.1.2.1. Classification of Buildings

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.1.2.3. to 3.1.2.6., every building or part of it shall be classified according to its major occupancy as belonging to one of the Groups or Divisions described in Table 3.1.2.1.

(2) A building intended for use by more than one major occupancy shall be classified according to all major occupancies for which it is used or intended to be used.

3.1.2.2. Occupancies of the Same Classification

(1) Any building is deemed to be occupied by a single major occupancy, notwithstanding its use for more than one major occupancy, provided that all occupancies are classified as belonging to the same Group classification or, where the Group is divided into Divisions, as belonging to the same Division classification described in Table 3.1.2.1.

Table 3.1.2.1.
Major Occupancy Classification

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.2.1.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3
Group	Division	Description of Major Occupancies
A	1	Assembly occupancies intended for the production and viewing of the performing arts
A	2	Assembly occupancies not elsewhere classified in Group A
A	3	Assembly occupancies of the arena type
A	4	Assembly occupancies in which occupants are gathered in the open air
B	1	Detention occupancies
B	2	Care and treatment occupancies
B	3	Care occupancies
C	---	Residential occupancies
D	---	Business and personal services occupancies
E	---	Mercantile occupancies
F	1	High hazard industrial occupancies
F	2	Medium hazard industrial occupancies
F	3	Low hazard industrial occupancies

3.1.2.3. Arena Type Buildings

(1) An arena type building intended for occasional use for trade shows and similar exhibition purposes shall be classified as Group A, Division 3 occupancy.

3.1.2.4. Police Stations

(1) A police station with detention quarters is permitted to be classified as a Group B, Division 2 major occupancy provided the station is not more than 1 storey in building height and 600 m² in building area.

3.1.2.5. Group B, Division 3 Occupancies

(1) Group B, Division 3 occupancies are permitted to be classified as Group C major occupancies provided,

(a) the occupants live as a single housekeeping unit in a suite with sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons, and

(b) not more than 2 occupants require assistance in evacuation in case of an emergency.

3.1.2.6. Restaurants

(1) A restaurant is permitted to be classified as a Group E major occupancy provided the restaurant is designed to accommodate not more than 30 persons consuming food or drink.

3.1.3. Multiple Occupancy Requirements

3.1.3.1. Separation of Major Occupancies

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), major occupancies shall be separated from adjoining major occupancies by fire separations having fire-resistance ratings conforming to Table 3.1.3.1.

Table 3.1.3.1.
Major Occupancy Fire Separations⁽¹⁾

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.3.1.(1)

Column 1	Col. 2	Col. 3	Col. 4	Col. 5	Col. 6	Col. 7	Col. 8	Col. 9	Col. 10	Col. 11	Col. 12	Col. 13	Col. 14
Major Occupancy	Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of Fire Separation, h (1)
	Adjoining Major Occupancy
	A-1	A-2	A-3	A-4	B-1	B-2	B-3	C	D	E	F-1	F-2	F-3
A-1	---	1	1	1	2	2	2	1	1	2	(2)	2	1
A-2	1	---	1	1	2	2	2	1	1	2	(2)	2	1
A-3	1	1	---	1	2	2	2	1	1	2	(2)	2	1
A-4	1	1	1	---	2	2	2	1	1	2	(2)	2	1
B-1	2	2	2	2	---	2	2	2	2	2	(2)	2	2
B-2	2	2	2	2	2	---	1	2	2	2	(2)	2	2
B-3	2	2	2	2	2	1	---	2	2	2	(2)	2	2
C	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	---	1	2(3)	(2)	2(4)	1
D	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	1	---	---	3	---	---
E	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2(3)	---	---	3	---	---
F-1	(2)	(2)	(2)	(2)	(2)	(2)	(2)	(2)	3	3	---	2	2
F-2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2(4)	---	---	2	---	---
F-3	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	1	---	---	2	---	---

Notes to Table 3.1.3.1.:

⁽¹⁾Section 3.3. contains requirements for the separation of occupancies and tenancies that are in addition to the requirements for the separation of major occupancies.

⁽²⁾See Sentence 3.1.3.2.(1).

⁽³⁾See Sentence 3.1.3.1.(2).

⁽⁴⁾See Sentence 3.1.3.2.(2).

(2) In a building not more than 3 storeys in building height, if not more than 2 dwelling units are contained together with a Group E major occupancy, the fire-resistance rating of the fire separation between the 2 major occupancies need not be more than 1 h.

(3) The fire separations required between major occupancies in Sentence (1) are permitted to be penetrated by floor openings protected in conformance with Subsection 3.2.8., except for fire separations for Group F, Division 1 major occupancies and for mezzanines described in Sentence 3.2.8.2.(1).

3.1.3.2. Prohibition of Occupancy Combinations

(1) No major occupancy of Group F, Division 1 shall be contained within a building with any occupancy classified as Group A, B or C.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (4) and Sentence 3.10.2.4.(9), not more than one suite of residential occupancy shall be contained within a building classified as a Group F, Division 2 major occupancy.

(3) A sleeping room or sleeping area shall not open directly into a room or area where food is intended to be stored, prepared, processed, distributed, served, sold or offered for sale.

(4) A Group F, Division 2 major occupancy is permitted in a building containing only live/work units and is for the exclusive use of the occupants of the live/work units.

3.1.4. Combustible Construction

3.1.4.1. Combustible Materials Permitted

(1) A building permitted to be of combustible construction is permitted to be constructed of combustible materials, with or without noncombustible components.

3.1.4.2. Protection of Foamed Plastics

(1) Foamed plastics that form part of a wall or ceiling assembly in combustible construction shall be protected from adjacent spaces in the building, other than adjacent concealed spaces within attic or roof spaces, crawl spaces, and wall assemblies,

(a) by one of the interior finishes described in Subsections 9.29.4. to 9.29.9.,

(b) by any thermal barrier that meets the requirements of Sentence 3.1.5.12.(2), or

(c) where the building does not contain a Group B or Group C major occupancy, by sheet metal,

(i) mechanically fastened to the supporting assembly independent of the insulation,

(ii) not less than 0.38 mm thick, and

(iii) with a melting point not below 650°C.

(2) The flame-spread rating on any exposed surface of combustible insulation, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through it in any direction, shall be not more than 500.

3.1.4.3. Wires and Cables

(1) Optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables installed in a building permitted to be of combustible construction shall,

(a) not convey flame or continue to burn for more than 1 min when tested in conformance with the Vertical Flame Test in Clause 4.11.1. of CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables”, or

(b) be located in,

(i) totally enclosed noncombustible raceways,

(ii) concealed spaces in walls,

(iii) concrete slabs, or

(iv) totally enclosed nonmetallic raceways conforming to Article 3.1.5.20.

(2) The requirement in Clause (1)(a) is considered to be met where the wires and cables,

(a) exhibit a vertical char of not more than 1.5 m when tested in conformance with the Vertical Flame Test – Cables in Cabletrough in Clause 4.11.4. of CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT4 Rating), or

(b) exhibit a flame-spread of not more than 1.5 m, a smoke density of not more than 0.5 at peak optical density and a smoke density not more than 0.15 at average optical density when tested in conformance with the Flame and Smoke Test in the Appendix to CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT6 Rating).

(3) Service-entrance cables for communication and community antennae distribution systems need not conform to Sentence (1) provided,

(a) the service-entrance cables are located in a building permitted to be of combustible construction and are not more than 3 m in length from the point of entry into the building or from the point of leaving protection as required in Clause (1)(b), or

(b) the service entrance cables enter into an electrical or telephone service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h.

3.1.4.4. Fire-Retardant Treated Wood

(1) If fire-retardant treated wood is specified in this Part, the wood shall,

(a) be pressure impregnated with fire-retardant chemicals in conformance with CAN/CSA-O80 Series-M, “Wood Preservation”, and

(b) have a flame-spread rating not more than 25.

3.1.4.5. Heavy Timber Construction Alternative

(1) If combustible construction is permitted and is not required to have a fire-resistance rating more than 45 min, heavy timber construction is permitted to be used.

(2) If heavy timber construction is permitted, it shall conform to Article 3.1.4.6.

3.1.4.6. Heavy Timber Construction

(1) Wood elements in heavy timber construction shall be arranged in heavy solid masses and with essentially smooth flat surfaces to avoid thin sections and sharp projections.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentences (3) to (6) and (12), the minimum dimensions of wood elements in heavy timber construction shall conform to Table 3.1.4.6.

Table 3.1.4.6.
Heavy Timber Dimensions

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.4.6.(3)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4	Column 5
Supported Assembly	Structural Element	Solid Sawn (width × depth), mm × mm	Glued-Laminated (width × depth), mm × mm	Round (diam), mm
Roofs only	Columns	140 × 191	130 × 190	180
	Arches supported on the tops of walls or abutments	89 × 140	80 × 152	---
	Beams, girders and trusses	89 × 140	80 × 152	---
	Arches supported at or near the floor line	140 × 140	130 × 152	---
Floors, floors plus roofs	Columns	191 × 191	175 × 190	200
	Beams, girders, trusses and arches	140 × 241 or 191 × 191	130 × 228 or175 × 190	---

(3) Where splice plates are used at splices of roof arches supported on the tops of walls or abutments, roof trusses, roof beams and roof girders in heavy timber construction shall be not less than 64 mm thick.

(4) Floors in heavy timber construction shall be of glued-laminated or solid sawn plank not less than,

(a) 64 mm thick, splined or tongued and grooved, or

(b) 38 mm wide and 89 mm deep set on edge and well-spiked together.

(5) Floors in heavy timber construction shall be laid,

(a) so that no continuous line of end joints will occur except at points of support, and covered with,

(i) tongued and grooved flooring not less than 19 mm thick laid cross-wise or diagonally, or

(ii) tongued and grooved phenolic-bonded plywood, strandboard or waferboard not less than 12.5 mm thick, and

(b) not closer than 15 mm to the walls to provide for expansion, with the gap covered at the top or bottom.

(6) Roofs in heavy timber construction shall be of tongued and grooved phenolic-bonded plywood not less than 28 mm thick, or glued-laminated or solid sawn plank that is,

(a) not less than 38 mm thick, splined or tongued and grooved, or

(b) not less than 38 mm wide and 64 mm deep set on edge and laid so that no continuous line of end joints will occur except at the points of support.

(7) Wood columns in heavy timber construction shall be continuous or superimposed throughout all storeys.

(8) Superimposed wood columns in heavy timber construction shall be connected by,

(a) reinforced concrete or metal caps with brackets,

(b) steel or iron caps with pintles and base plates, or

(c) timber splice plates fastened to the columns by metal connectors housed within the contact faces.

(9) Where beams and girders in heavy timber construction enter masonry, wall plates, boxes of the self-releasing type or hangers shall be used.

(10) Wood girders and beams in heavy timber construction shall be closely fitted to columns, and adjoining ends shall be connected by ties or caps to transfer horizontal loads across the joints.

(11) In heavy timber construction, intermediate wood beams used to support a floor shall be supported on top of the girders or on metal hangers into which the ends of the beams are closely fitted.

(12) Roof arches supported on the tops of walls or abutments, roof trusses, roof beams and roof girders in heavy timber construction are permitted to be not less than 64 mm wide provided,

(a) where two or more spaced members are used, the intervening spaces are,

(i) blocked solidly throughout, or

(ii) tightly closed by a continuous wood cover plate not less than 38 mm thick secured to the underside of the members, or

(b) the space below the roof deck or sheathing is sprinklered.

3.1.5. Noncombustible Construction

3.1.5.1. Noncombustible Materials

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) to (4) and Articles 3.1.5.2. to 3.1.5.25., 3.1.13.4. and 3.2.2.16., a building or part of a building required to be of noncombustible construction, shall be constructed with noncombustible materials.

(2) Notwithstanding the definition for noncombustible materials stated in Article 1.4.1.2. of Division A, a material is permitted to be used in noncombustible construction provided that, when tested in accordance with CAN/ULC-S135, “Test Method for the Determination of Combustibility Parameters of Building Materials Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter (Cone Calorimeter)” at a heat flux of 50 kW/m²,

(a) its average total heat release is not more than 3 MJ/m²,

(b) its average total smoke extinction area is not more than 1.0 m², and

(c) the test duration is extended beyond the time stipulated in the referenced standard until it is clear that there is no further release of heat or smoke.

(3) If a material referred to in Sentence (2), consists of a number of discrete layers and testing reveals that the surface layer or layers protects the underlying layers such that the complete combustion of the underlying layers does not occur, the test shall be repeated by removing the outer layers sequentially until all layers have been exposed during testing, or complete combustion has occurred.

(4) The acceptance criteria for a material tested in accordance with Sentence (3) shall be based on the cumulative emissions from all layers, which must not exceed the criteria stated in Clauses (2)(a) and (2)(b).

3.1.5.2. Minor Combustible Components

(1) The following minor combustible components are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction:

(a) paint,

(b) mastics and caulking materials applied to provide flexible seals between the major components of exterior wall construction,

(c) fire stop materials conforming to Sentence 3.1.9.1.(1) and Article 3.1.11.7.,

(d) tubing for pneumatic controls provided it has an outside diameter not more than 10 mm,

(e) adhesives, vapour barriers and sheathing papers,

(f) electrical outlet and junction boxes,

(g) wood blocking within wall assemblies intended for the attachment of handrails, fixtures, and similar items mounted on the surface of the wall, and

(h) similar minor components.

3.1.5.3. Combustible Roofing Materials

(1) Combustible roof covering that has an A, B, or C classification determined in conformance with Subsection 3.1.15. is permitted on a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(2) Combustible roof sheathing and roof sheathing supports installed above a concrete deck are permitted on a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) the concrete deck is not less than 50 mm thick,

(b) the height of the roof space above the deck is not more than 1 000 mm,

(c) the roof space is divided into compartments by fire stops in conformance with Article 3.1.11.5.,

(d) openings through the concrete deck other than for noncombustible roof drains and plumbing piping are protected by masonry or concrete shafts,

(i) constructed as fire separations having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(ii) extending from the concrete deck to not less than 150 mm above the adjacent roof sheathing,

(e) the perimeter of the roof is protected by a noncombustible parapet extending from the concrete deck to not less than 150 mm above the adjacent sheathing, and

(f) except as permitted by Clause (d), the roof space does not contain any building services.

(3) Combustible cant strips, roof curbs, nailing strips and similar components used in the installation of roofing are permitted on a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(4) Wood nailer facings to parapets, not more than 600 mm high, are permitted on a building required to be of noncombustible construction, if the facings and any roof membranes covering the facings are protected by sheet metal.

3.1.5.4. Combustible Glazing and Skylights

(1) Combustible skylight assemblies are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction if the assemblies have a flame-spread rating not more than,

(a) 150 provided the assemblies,

(i) have an individual area not more than 9 m²,

(ii) have an aggregate horizontal projected area of the openings through the ceiling not more than 25% of the area of the ceiling of the room or space in which they are located, and

(iii) are spaced not less than 2 500 mm from adjacent assemblies and 1 200 mm from required fire separations, or

(b) 75 provided the assemblies,

(i) have an individual area not more than 27 m²,

(ii) have an aggregate horizontal projected area of the openings through the ceiling not more than 33% of the area of the ceiling of the room or space in which they are located, and

(iii) are spaced not less than 1 200 mm from adjacent assemblies and from required fire separations.

(2) Combustible vertical glazing installed no higher than the second storey is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(3) Except as permitted by Sentence (4), the combustible vertical glazing permitted by Sentence (2) shall have a flame-spread rating not more than 75.

(4) The flame-spread rating of combustible glazing in Sentence (2) is permitted to be not more than 150 if the aggregate area of glazing is not more than 25% of the wall area of the storey in which it is located, and

(a) the glazing is installed in a building not more than 1 storey in building height,

(b) the glazing in the first storey is separated from the glazing in the second storey in accordance with the requirements of Article 3.2.3.17. for opening protection, or

(c) sprinklers are installed in,

(i) any storey with combustible glazing, and

(ii) the storey immediately above the storey with combustible glazing.

(5) Combustible window sashes and frames are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) each window in an exterior wall face is an individual unit separated by noncombustible wall construction from every other opening in the wall,

(b) windows in exterior walls in contiguous storeys are separated by not less than 1 000 mm of noncombustible construction, and

(c) the aggregate area of openings in an exterior wall face of a fire compartment is not more than 40% of the area of the wall face.

3.1.5.5. Combustible Components for Exterior Walls

(1) Except for an exposing building face required to conform to Sentence 3.2.3.7.(1) or Sentence 3.2.3.7.(4), an exterior non-loadbearing wall assembly that includes combustible components is permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) the building is,

(i) not more than 3 storeys in building height, or

(ii) not more than 6 storeys in building height if sprinklered,

(b) the interior surfaces of the wall assembly are protected by a thermal barrier conforming to Sentence 3.1.5.11.(3), and

(c) the wall assembly satisfies the criteria of Sentences (2) and (3) when subjected to testing in conformance with CAN/ULC-S134, “Fire Test of Exterior Wall Assemblies”.

(2) Flaming on or in the wall assembly shall not spread more than 5 m above the opening during the test procedure referenced in Sentence (1).

(3) The heat flux during the flame exposure on a wall assembly shall be not more than 35 kW/m² measured 3.5 m above the opening during the test procedure referenced in Sentence (1).

(4) A wall assembly permitted by Sentence (1) that includes combustible cladding of fire-retardant treated wood shall be tested for fire exposure after the cladding has been subjected to an accelerated weathering test as specified in ASTM D2898, “Accelerated Weathering on Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing”.

(5) The requirements in this Article do not apply where foamed plastic insulation is used in an exterior wall assembly of a building and the insulation is protected in conformance with Sentences 3.2.3.8.(1) and (2).

3.1.5.6. Nailing Elements

(1) Wood nailing elements attached directly to or set into a continuous noncombustible backing for the attachment of interior finishes, are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided the concealed space created by the wood elements is not more than 50 mm thick.

3.1.5.7. Combustible Millwork

(1) Combustible millwork including interior trim, doors and door frames, show windows together with their frames, aprons and backing, handrails, shelves, cabinets and counters is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.8. Combustible Flooring Elements

(1) Combustible stage flooring supported on noncombustible structural members is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(2) Wood members more than 50 mm but not more than 375 mm high applied directly to or set into a noncombustible floor slab are permitted for the construction of a raised platform in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided the concealed spaces are fire stopped in conformance with Sentence 3.1.11.3.(2).

(3) The floor system for the raised platform referred to in Sentence (2) is permitted to include combustible subfloor and combustible finished flooring.

(4) Combustible finished flooring is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.9. Combustible Stairs in Dwelling Units

(1) Combustible stairs are permitted in a dwelling unit in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.10. Combustible Interior Finish

(1) Combustible interior finish, including paint, wallpaper, and other interior finishes not more than 1 mm thick, is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(2) Combustible interior wall finishes, other than foamed plastics, are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided they,

(a) are not more than 25 mm thick, and

(b) have a flame-spread rating not more than 150 on any exposed surface, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction.

(3) Combustible interior ceiling finishes, other than foamed plastics, are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided they,

(a) are not more than 25 mm thick, except for exposed fire-retardant treated wood battens, and

(b) have a flame-spread rating not more than 25 on any exposed surface, or on any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, or are of fire-retardant treated wood, except that not more than 10% of the ceiling area within each fire compartment is permitted to have a flame-spread rating not more than 150.

3.1.5.11. Gypsum Board

(1) Gypsum board with a tightly adhering paper covering not more than 1 mm thick is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided the flame-spread rating of the surface is not more than 25.

3.1.5.12. Combustible Insulation and its Protection

(1) Combustible insulation, other than foamed plastics, is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided that it has a flame-spread rating not more than 25 on any exposed surface, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, where the insulation is not protected as described in Sentences (3) and (4).

(2) Foamed plastic insulation having a flame-spread rating not more than 25 on any exposed surface, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, is permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided the insulation is protected from adjacent space in the building, other than adjacent concealed spaces within wall assemblies, by a thermal barrier consisting of,

(a) not less than 12.7 mm thick gypsum board mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly independent of the insulation,

(b) lath and plaster, mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly independent of the insulation,

(c) masonry,

(d) concrete, or

(e) any thermal barrier that meets the requirements of classification B when tested in conformance with CAN4-S124-M, “Test for the Evaluation of Protective Coverings for Foamed Plastic”.

(3) Combustible insulation having a flame-spread rating more than 25 but not more than 500 on an exposed surface, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, is permitted in the exterior walls of a building required to be of noncombustible construction, provided the insulation is protected from adjacent space in the building, other than adjacent concealed spaces within wall assemblies, by a thermal barrier as described in Sentence (2), except that in a building that is not sprinklered and is more than 18 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey, or in a building that is not sprinklered and is regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6., the insulation shall be protected by a thermal barrier consisting of,

(a) gypsum board not less than 12.7 mm thick, mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly independent of the insulation and with all joints either backed or taped and filled,

(b) lath and plaster, mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly independent of the insulation,

(c) masonry or concrete not less than 25 mm thick, or

(d) any thermal barrier that, when tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”, will not develop an average temperature rise more than 140°C or a maximum temperature rise more than 180°C at any point on its unexposed face within 10 min.

(4) Combustible insulation having a flame-spread rating more than 25 but not more than 500 on any exposed surface, or any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, is permitted in the interior walls, within ceilings and within roof assemblies of a building required to be of noncombustible construction, provided the insulation is protected from adjacent space in the building, other than adjacent concealed spaces within wall assemblies, by a thermal barrier as described in Sentence (2), except that in a building that is not sprinklered and is more than 18 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey, or in a building that is not sprinklered and is regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6., the insulation shall be protected by a thermal barrier consisting of,

(a) Type X gypsum board not less than 15.9 mm thick, mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly independent of the insulation and with all joints either backed or taped and filled, conforming to,

(i) CAN/CSA-A82.27-M, “Gypsum Board”,

(ii) ASTM C36 / C36M, “Gypsum Wallboard”,

(iii) ASTM C442 / C442M, “Gypsum Backing Board, Gypsum Coreboard, and Gypsum Shaftliner Board”,

(iv) ASTM C588 / C588M, “Gypsum Base for Veneer Plasters”,

(v) ASTM C630 / C630M, “Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Board”,

(vi) ASTM C931 / C931M, “Exterior Gypsum Soffit Board”, or

(vii) ASTM C960 / C960M, “Predecorated Gypsum Board”,

(b) non-loadbearing masonry or concrete not less than 50 mm thick,

(c) loadbearing masonry or concrete not less than 75 mm thick, or

(d) any thermal barrier that, when tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”,

(i) will not develop an average temperature rise more than 140°C or a maximum temperature rise more than 180°C at any point on its unexposed face within 20 min, and

(ii) will remain in place for not less than 40 min.

(5) Combustible insulation, including foamed plastics, installed above roof decks, outside of foundation walls below ground level and beneath concrete slabs-on-ground is permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(6) Thermosetting foamed plastic insulation having a flame-spread rating not more than 500 that forms part of a factory-assembled exterior wall panel that does not incorporate an air space is permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) the foamed plastic is protected on both sides by sheet steel not less than 0.38 mm thick that will remain in place for not less than 10 min when the wall panel is tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”,

(b) the flame-spread rating of the wall panel, determined by subjecting a sample including an assembled joint to the appropriate test described in Subsection 3.1.12., is not more than the flame-spread rating permitted for the room or space that it bounds,

(c) the building does not contain a Group B or Group C major occupancy, and

(d) the building is not more than 18 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey.

(7) A factory-assembled non-loadbearing interior or exterior wall or ceiling panel containing foamed plastic insulation having a flame-spread rating of not more than 500 is permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) the building is sprinklered,

(b) the building is not more than 18 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the uppermost storey,

(c) the building does not contain a Group A, Group B, or Group C major occupancy,

(d) the panel does not contain an air space,

(e) the panel, when tested in conformance with ULC/ORD-C376, “Fire Growth of Foamed Plastic Insulated Building Panels in a Full-Scale Room Configuration”, meets the criteria defined in the document, and

(f) the flame-spread rating of a panel, determined by subjecting a sample, including an assembled joint typical of field installation, to the appropriate test described in Subsection 3.1.12., is not more than the flame-spread rating permitted for the room or space that it bounds.

3.1.5.13. Combustible Elements in Partitions

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), solid lumber partitions not less than 38 mm thick and wood framing in partitions located in a fire compartment not more than 600 m² in area are permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction in a floor area that is not sprinklered provided the partitions,

(a) are not required fire separations, and

(b) are not located in a care or detention occupancy.

(2) Partitions installed in a building of noncombustible construction are permitted to contain wood framing provided,

(a) the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height,

(b) the partitions are not located in a care or detention occupancy, and

(c) the partitions are not installed as enclosures for exits or vertical service spaces.

(3) Solid lumber partitions not less than 38 mm thick and partitions that contain wood framing are permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided,

(a) the floor area containing the partitions is sprinklered, and

(b) the partitions are not,

(i) located in a care or detention occupancy,

(ii) installed as enclosures for exits or vertical service spaces, or

(iii) used to satisfy the requirements of Clause 3.2.8.1.(1)(a).

3.1.5.14. Storage Lockers in Residential Buildings

(1) Storage lockers in storage rooms are permitted to be constructed of wood in a building of residential occupancy required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.15. Combustible Ducts

(1) Except as required by Sentence 3.6.4.3.(1), combustible ducts, including plenums and duct connectors, are permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided these ducts and duct connectors are used only in horizontal runs.

(2) Combustible duct linings, duct coverings, duct insulation, vibration isolation connectors, duct tape, pipe insulation and pipe coverings are permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided they conform to the appropriate requirements of Part 6.

(3) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction, combustible ducts need not comply with the requirements of Part 6 provided the ducts are,

(a) part of a duct system conveying only ventilation air, and

(b) contained entirely within a dwelling unit.

3.1.5.16. Combustible Piping Materials

(1) Except as permitted by Clause 3.1.5.2.(1)(d) , Sentences (2) and (3), and Article 3.1.5.22., combustible piping and tubing and associated adhesives are permitted to be used in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided that, except when concealed in a wall or concrete floor slab, they,

(a) have a flame-spread rating not more than 25, and

(b) if used in a building described in Subsection 3.2.6., have a smoke developed classification not more than 50.

(2) Combustible sprinkler piping is permitted to be used within a sprinklered floor area in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

(3) Polypropylene pipes and fittings are permitted to be used for drain, waste and vent piping for the conveyance of highly corrosive materials and for piping used to distribute distilled or dialyzed water in laboratory and hospital facilities in a building required to be of noncombustible construction, provided,

(a) the building is sprinklered,

(b) the piping is not located in a vertical shaft, and

(c) piping that penetrates a fire separation is sealed at the penetration by a fire stop system that, when subjected to the fire test method in CAN4-S115-M, “Fire Tests of Firestop Systems”, has an FT rating not less than the fire-resistance rating of the fire separation.

3.1.5.17. Combustible Plumbing Fixtures

(1) Combustible plumbing fixtures are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction if they are constructed of material having a flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification permitted in Subsection 3.1.13.

3.1.5.18. Wires and Cables

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.1.5.19. and 3.1.5.21., optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables with combustible insulation, jackets or sheathes are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction, provided,

(a) the wires and cables exhibit a vertical char of not more than 1.5 m when tested in conformance with the Vertical Flame Test – Cables in Cabletrough in Clause 4.11.4. of CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT4 Rating),

(b) the wires and cables are located in,

(i) totally enclosed noncombustible raceways,

(ii) concealed spaces in walls,

(iii) concrete slabs,

(iv) a service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, or

(v) totally enclosed nonmetallic raceways conforming to Article 3.1.5.20., or

(c) the wires and cables are communication cables used at the service entry to a building and are not more than 3 m long.

(2) The requirement in Clause (1)(a) is considered to be met where the wires and cables exhibit a flame-spread of not more than 1.5 m, a smoke density of not more than 0.5 at peak optical density and a smoke density not more than 0.15 at average optical density when tested in conformance with the Flame and Smoke Test in the Appendix to CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT6 Rating).

3.1.5.19. Combustible Travelling Cables for Elevators

(1) Combustible travelling cables are permitted on elevating devices in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.20. Nonmetallic Raceways

(1) Subject to limits on size for penetrations of fire separations as required by Sentence 3.1.9.3.(2), within a fire compartment of a building required to be of noncombustible construction, totally enclosed nonmetallic raceways not more than 175 mm in outside diameter, or an equivalent rectangular area, are permitted to be used to enclose optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables, provided the raceways exhibit a vertical char not more than 1.5 m when tested in conformance with the Test for Flame Propagation (Riser) in Section 3.4 of the ULC/ORD-C2024, “Fire Tests for Optical Fibre Cable Raceways” (FT-4 rating).

3.1.5.21. Wires in Computer Room Floors

(1) Optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables with combustible insulation, jackets or sheathes, located in the space below a raised floor in a computer room, are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided they do not convey flame or continue to burn for more than 1 min when tested in conformance with the Vertical Flame Test in Clause 4.11.1. of CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT1 Rating).

(2) The requirement in Sentence (1) is considered to be met where the wires and cables

(a) exhibit a vertical char of not more than 1.5 m when tested in conformance with the Vertical Flame Test — Cables in Cabletrough in Clause 4.11.4. of CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT4 Rating), or

(b) exhibit a flame-spread of not more than 1.5 m, a smoke density of not more than 0.5 at peak optical density and a smoke density not more than 0.15 at average optical density when tested in conformance with the Flame and Smoke Test in the Appendix to CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, “Test Methods for Electrical Wires and Cables” (FT6 Rating).

3.1.5.22. Combustible Components in Public Pools and Public Spas

(1) Combustible fittings and components in a public pool or public spa, including main drains, piping, skimmers, return inlets, steps, ladder rungs and liners, are permitted in a building required to be of noncombustible construction.

3.1.5.23. Marquees Having Combustible Elements

(1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), exterior marquees, not greater than 7.5 m from ground level to the top of the marquee, having combustible elements other than fabrics or films conforming to Sentence 3.1.16. 1.(1), are permitted on a building required to be of noncombustible construction, provided every opening in the exposed wall of the building above the marquee is protected with wired glass in accordance with Supplementary Standard SB-2 where these openings are within,

(a) 4.5 m horizontally of the marquee, and

(b) 9 m vertically above the marquee.

(2) The protection required by Sentence (1) is permitted to be waived if the building is sprinklered.

3.1.5.24. Combustible Mezzanines

(1) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction, a mezzanine located within a live/work unit is permitted to be of combustible construction provided the area of the mezzanine is not more than 25% of the floor area of the live/work unit or 20 m², whichever is less, and has no obstructions more than 1 070 mm above the floor.

3.1.5.25. Wood Decorative Cladding

(1) Wood decorative cladding is permitted to be used on exterior marquee fascias, of a storey having direct access to a street or access route, of a building required to be of noncombustible construction provided the cladding is fire-retardant treated wood that, before testing to CAN/ULC-S102-M, “Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies,” has been conditioned in conformance with ASTM D 2898, “Accelerated Weathering of Fire-Retardant Treated Wood for Fire Testing”.

3.1.5.26. Combustible Solar Collector Systems

(1) A combustible solar collector system is permitted to be installed above the roof of a building required to be of non-combustible construction.

3.1.6. Reserved

3.1.7. Fire-Resistance Ratings

3.1.7.1. Determination of Ratings

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2) and Article 3.1.7.2., the rating of a material, assembly of materials or a structural member that is required to have a fire-resistance rating, shall be determined on the basis of the results of tests conducted in conformance with CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”.

(2) A material, assembly of materials or a structural member is permitted to be assigned a fire-resistance rating on the basis of Supplementary Standard SB-2.

3.1.7.2. Exception for Exterior Walls

(1) The limit on the rise of temperature on the unexposed surface of an assembly as required by the tests referred to in Sentence 3.1.7.1.(1) shall not apply to an exterior wall that has a limiting distance of 1.2 m or more, provided correction is made for radiation from the unexposed surface in accordance with Sentence 3.2.3.1.(6).

3.1.7.3. Exposure Conditions for Rating

(1) Floor, roof and ceiling assemblies shall be rated for exposure to fire on the underside.

(2) Firewalls and interior vertical fire separations shall be rated for exposure to fire on each side.

(3) Exterior walls shall be rated for exposure to fire from inside the building.

3.1.7.4. Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating

(1) The use of materials or assemblies having a greater fire-resistance rating than required shall impose no obligation to exceed in whole or in part the minimum fire-resistance ratings required by this Part.

3.1.7.5. Rating of Supporting Construction

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2) and by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for mixed types of construction, all loadbearing walls, columns and arches in the storey immediately below a floor or roof assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported floor or roof assembly.

(2) Loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a service room or service space need not conform to Sentence (1).

(3) If an assembly is required to be of noncombustible construction and have a fire-resistance rating, it shall be supported by noncombustible construction.

3.1.8. Fire Separations and Closures

3.1.8.1. General Requirements

(1) Any wall, partition or floor assembly required to be a fire separation shall,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence (2), be constructed as a continuous element, and

(b) as required in this Part, have a fire-resistance rating as specified.

(2) Openings in a fire separation shall be protected with closures, shafts or other means in conformance with Articles 3.1.8.4. to 3.1.8.18. and Subsections 3.1.9. and 3.2.8.

3.1.8.2. Combustible Construction Support

(1) Combustible construction that abuts on or is supported by a noncombustible fire separation shall be constructed so that its collapse under fire conditions will not cause the collapse of the fire separation.

3.1.8.3. Continuity of Fire Separations

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.6.4.2.(2), a horizontal service space or other concealed space located above a required vertical fire separation, including the walls of a vertical shaft, shall be divided at the fire separation by an equivalent fire separation within the service space.

(2) The fire separation required by Sentence (1) shall terminate so that smoke-tight joints are provided where it abuts on or intersects,

(a) a floor,

(b) a roof slab, or

(c) a roof deck.

(3) Except as required by Subsection 3.6.3. for a shaft penetrating a roof assembly, a shaft, including an exit enclosure, that penetrates a fire separation, shall,

(a) extend through any horizontal service space or any other concealed space, and

(b) terminate so that smoke-tight joints are provided where the shaft abuts on or intersects,

(i) a floor,

(ii) a roof slab, or

(iii) a roof deck.

(4) The continuity of a fire separation shall be maintained where it abuts another fire separation, a floor, a ceiling, or an exterior wall assembly.

3.1.8.4. Determination of Ratings

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and 3.1.8.14.(1), the fire-protection rating for a closure shall be determined on the basis of the results of tests conducted in conformance with the appropriate provisions in,

(a) CAN4-S104-M, “Fire Tests of Door Assemblies”,

(b) CAN4-S106-M, “ Fire Tests of Window and Glass Block Assemblies”, or

(c) CAN/ULC-S112-M, “Fire Test of Fire-Damper Assemblies”.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.1.8.10.(1), the fire-protection rating of a closure shall conform to Table 3.1.8.4. for the required fire-resistance rating of the fire separation.

Table 3.1.8.4.
Fire-Protection Rating of Closure

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.8.4.(2)

Column 1	Column 2
Fire-Resistance Rating of Fire Separation	Required Fire-Protection Rating of Closure
30 min	20 min
45 min	45 min
1 h	45 min
1.5 h	1 h
2 h	1.5 h
3 h	2 h
4 h	3 h

3.1.8.5. Installation of Closures

(1) Except where fire dampers, window assemblies and glass block are used as closures, closures of the same fire-protection rating installed on opposite sides of the same opening are deemed to have a fire-protection rating equal to the sum of the fire-protection ratings of the closures.

(2) Except as otherwise specified in this Part, every door, window assembly or glass block used as a closure in a required fire separation,

(a) shall be installed in conformance with NFPA 80, “Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows”, and

(b) where required to have a fire-protection rating, shall have labels or classification marks to identify the testing laboratory.

(3) If a door is installed so that it could damage the integrity of a fire separation if its swing is unrestricted, door stops shall be installed to prevent the damage.

3.1.8.6. Maximum Openings

(1) The size of an opening in an interior fire separation required to be protected with a closure shall be not more than 11 m², with no dimension more than 3.7 m, if a fire compartment on either side of the fire separation is not sprinklered.

(2) The size of an opening in an interior fire separation required to be protected with a closure shall be not more than 22 m², with no dimension more than 6 m, provided the fire compartments on both sides of the fire separation are sprinklered.

3.1.8.7. Fire Dampers

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.1.8.8., a duct that penetrates an assembly required to be a fire separation shall be equipped with a fire damper.

3.1.8.8. Fire Dampers Waived

(1) Fire dampers need not be provided in noncombustible branch ducts that have a melting point above 760°C and that penetrate a required fire separation provided the ducts,

(a) serve only air-conditioning units or combined air-conditioning and heating units discharging air not more than 1 200 mm above the floor and have a cross-sectional area not more than 0.013 m², or

(b) are connected to exhaust duct risers that are under negative pressure and in which the air flow is upward as required by Article 3.6.3.4. and are carried up inside the riser not less than 500 mm.

(2) A continuous noncombustible duct penetrating a vertical fire separation not required to have a fire-resistance rating need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation.

(3) A noncombustible duct that penetrates a horizontal fire separation not required to have a fire-resistance rating need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation.

(4) A noncombustible duct that penetrates a fire separation that separates a vertical service space from the remainder of the building need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation provided,

(a) the duct has a melting point above 760°C, and

(b) each individual duct exhausts directly to the outside at the top of the vertical service space.

(5) A continuous noncombustible duct having a melting point above 760°C that penetrates a vertical fire separation as required by Sentence 3.3.1.1.(1) between suites of other than residential or care or detention occupancy need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation.

(6) A duct that serves commercial cooking equipment and penetrates a required fire separation need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation.

(7) In elementary and secondary schools, a continuous noncombustible duct having a melting point above 760°C that pierces a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of 30 min need not be equipped with a fire damper at the fire separation.

(8) In a Group B, Division 3 occupancy that contains sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons and not more than 6 occupants require assistance in evacuation in case of an emergency and which is equipped with a fire-alarm system, a duct need not be provided with a fire-damper at a fire separation provided duct-type smoke detectors have been installed to control smoke circulation as described in Article 3.2.4.12.

3.1.8.9. Installation of Fire Dampers

(1) A fire damper shall be arranged to close automatically upon the operation of a fusible link conforming to ULC-S505, “Fusible Links for Fire Protection Service”, or other heat-actuated or smoke-actuated device.

(2) A heat-actuated device referred to in Sentence (1) shall,

(a) be located where it is readily affected by an abnormal rise of temperature in the duct, and

(b) have a temperature rating approximately 30°C above the maximum temperature that would exist in the system either with the system in operation or shut down.

(3) A fire damper shall be installed in the plane of the fire separation so as to stay in place should the duct be dislodged during a fire.

(4) A fire damper tested in the vertical or horizontal position shall be installed in the manner in which it was tested.

(5) A tightly fitted access door shall be installed for each fire damper to provide access for the inspection of the damper and the resetting of the release device.

3.1.8.10. Twenty-Minute Closures

(1) A door assembly having a fire-protection rating not less than 20 min is permitted to be used as a closure in,

(a) a fire separation not required to have a fire-resistance rating more than 1 h, located between,

(i) a public corridor and a suite,

(ii) a corridor and adjacent sleeping rooms, or

(iii) a corridor and adjacent classrooms, offices and libraries in Group A, Division 2 major occupancies, or

(b) a fire separation not required to have a fire-resistance rating more than 45 min, located in a building not more than 3 storeys in building height.

(2) The requirements for noncombustible sills and combustible floor coverings in NFPA 80, “Fire Doors and Fire Windows”, do not apply to a door described in Sentence (1).

(3) A door described in Sentence (1) shall have a clearance not more than 6 mm at the bottom and not more than 3 mm at the sides and top.

(4) In elementary and secondary schools, a door assembly conforming to Articles 9.10.13.2. and 9.10.13.3. is permitted to be used as a closure in a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of 30 min.

3.1.8.11. Self-Closing Devices

(1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) to (5) and 3.3.3.2.(5), every door in a fire separation shall be equipped with a self-closing device designed to return the door to the closed position after each use.

(2) Self-closing devices need not be provided on doors to freight elevators and dumbwaiters.

(3) In a building that is not more than 3 storeys in building height, a self-closing device is not required on a door that is located between a classroom and a corridor providing access to exit from the classroom, except that a self-closing device is required on a door between a hazardous classroom and the corridor in an elementary or secondary school.

(4) In a building that is not more than 3 storeys in building height, a self-closing device is not required on a door between a public corridor and an adjacent room or suite of business and personal services occupancy if the door is not located in,

(a) a dead-end portion of the corridor, or

(b) a corridor that serves a hotel.

(5) Within a fire compartment in a hospital or nursing home that complies with the requirements of Article 3.3.3.5., a self-closing device is not required on a door that is located between,

(a) a patient’s or resident’s sleeping room and a corridor serving the patient’s or resident’s sleeping room, or

(b) a patient’s or resident’s sleeping room and an adjacent room that serves the patient’s or resident’s sleeping room.

3.1.8.12. Hold-Open Devices

(1) A hold-open device is permitted on a door in a required fire separation, other than an exit door in a building more than 3 storeys in building height, and on a door for a vestibule required by Article 3.3.5.7., provided the device is designed to release the door in conformance with Sentences (2) to (7).

(2) Except as required by Sentences (3), (5), (6) and (7), a hold-open device permitted by Sentence (1) shall be designed to release by a signal from,

(a) an automatic sprinkler system,

(b) a heat-actuated device,

(c) fusible link, or

(d) a smoke detector located as described in Appendix B of NFPA 80, “Fire Doors and Fire Windows”.

(3) Except as required by Sentences (4), (5), (6) and (7), a hold-open device permitted by Sentence (1) shall be designed to release upon a signal from a smoke detector located as described in Appendix B of NFPA 80, “Fire Doors and Fire Windows”, if used on,

(a) an exit door,

(b) a door opening into a public corridor,

(c) an egress door referred to in Sentence 3.4.2.4.(2),

(d) a door serving,

(i) an assembly occupancy,

(ii) a care or detention occupancy, or

(iii) a residential occupancy, or

(e) a door required to function as part of a smoke control system.

(4) Except as required by Sentence (5), (6) and (7), a hold-open device permitted by Sentence (1) shall be designed to release upon a signal from the building fire alarm system if a fire alarm system is provided, except that this requirement does not apply to,

(a) a hold-open device on a door located between a corridor used by the public and an adjacent sleeping room in a hospital or nursing home, or

(b) a hold-open device that is designed to release by a heat-actuated device or a fusible link in conformance with Sentence (2).

(5) Sentences (2) and (3) do not apply in a hospital or nursing home to,

(a) a door located between a corridor used by the public and an adjacent sleeping room, or

(b) paired doors described in Sentence 3.3.3.3.(4).

(6) A hold-open device on a door in Clause (5)(a) shall be designed to release the door upon a signal from,

(a) a smoke detector as required by Sentence 3.2.4.11.(1) for sleeping rooms in Group B occupancies, and

(b) the fire alarm system when an alert signal is initiated within the same fire compartment in Sentence 3.3.3.5.(2).

(7) A hold-open device on a door in Clause (5)(b) shall be designed to release the door upon a signal from the fire alarm system when an alert signal is initiated within the same fire compartment in Sentence 3.3.3.5.(2).

(8) A rolling steel fire door installed as a closure in a fire separation shall be equipped with a hold-open device designed to release the shutter as described in Sentence (2).

3.1.8.13. Door Latches

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.3.3.2.(5) and Article 3.3.3.5., a swing-type door in a fire separation shall be equipped with a positive latching mechanism designed to hold the door in the closed position after each use.

3.1.8.14. Wired Glass and Glass Block

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.1.8.16. and 3.1.8.17. for the separation of exits, an opening in a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not more than 1 h is permitted to be protected with fixed wired glass assemblies or glass blocks installed in conformance with NFPA 80, “Fire Doors and Fire Windows”.

(2) Wired glass assemblies permitted by Sentence (1) and described in Supplementary Standard SB-2, are permitted to be used as closures in vertical fire separations without being tested in accordance with Sentence 3.1.8.4.(1).

(3) Glass blocks permitted by Sentence (1) shall be installed in accordance with Subsection 4.3.2. and reinforced with steel reinforcement in each horizontal joint.

3.1.8.15. Temperature Rise Limit for Doors

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.1.8.17., the maximum temperature rise on the opaque portion of the unexposed side of a door used as a closure in a fire separation in a location shown in Table 3.1.8.15., shall conform to the Table when tested in conformance with Sentence 3.1.8.4.(1).

3.1.8.16. Area Limits for Wired Glass and Glass Block

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.1.8.17., the maximum area of wired glass in a door used in the locations shown in Table 3.1.8.15. shall conform to the Table.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.1.8.17., the maximum area of glass block and wired glass panels not in a door, used in the locations shown in Table 3.1.8.15., shall conform to the Table.

Table 3.1.8.15.
Restrictions on Temperature Rise and Glazing for Closures

Forming Part Articles of 3.1.8.15. and 3.1.8.16.

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4	Column 5
Location	Minimum Required Fire-Protection Rating of Door	Maximum Temperature Rise on Opaque Portion of Unexposed Side of Door, °C	Maximum Area of Wired Glass in Door, m2	Maximum Aggregate Area of Glass Block and Wired Glass Panels not in Door, m2
Between a dead-end corridor and an adjacent occupancy where the corridor provides the only access to exit and is required to have a fire-resistance rating	Less than 45 min	No limit	No limit	No limit
	45 min	250 after 30 min	0.0645	0.0645
Between an exit enclosure and the remainder of the floor area in buildings not more than 3 storeys in building height	All ratings	No limit	0.8	0.8
Between an exit enclosure and the remainder of the floor area (except as permitted above)	45 min	250 after 30 min	0.0645	0.0645
	1.5 h	250 after 1 h	0.0645	0.0645
	2 h	250 after 1 h	0.0645	0.0645
In a firewall	1.5 h	250 after 30 min	0.0645	0
	3 h	250 after 1 h	0	0

3.1.8.17. Temperature Rise and Area Limits Waived

(1) The temperature rise limits and glass area limits required by Articles 3.1.8.15. and 3.1.8.16. are waived for a closure between an exit enclosure and an enclosed vestibule or corridor provided,

(a) the vestibule or corridor is separated from the remainder of the floor area by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) the fire separation required by Clause (a) contains no wired glass or glass block within 3 m of the closure into the exit enclosure, and

(c) the vestibule or corridor contains no occupancy.

3.1.8.18. Sprinkler Protected Glazed Wall Assembly

(1) A sprinkler protected glazed wall assembly shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of ULC/ORD C263.1, “Sprinkler-Protected Windows Systems”.

(2) A sprinkler protected glazed wall assembly shall not be installed in,

(a) fire separations requiring a fire resistance rating of more than 2 hours,

(b) a firewall,

(c) a high hazard industrial occupancy, or

(d) any part of an exit serving,

(i) a floor area subject to the requirements of Subsection 3.2.6.,

(ii) a care and detention occupancy, or

(iii) a residential occupancy.

(3) Where a sprinkler protected glazed wall assembly is installed in an exit fire separation permitted in Sentence (2),

(a) the building shall be sprinklered, and

(b) the exits protected with the sprinkler protected glazed wall assemblies shall not comprise more than one half of the required number of exits from any floor area.

3.1.9. Building Services in Fire Separations and Fire Rated Assemblies

3.1.9.1. Fire Stopping of Service Penetrations

(1) Except as required by Sentence (2), piping, tubing, ducts, chimneys, optical fibre cables, electrical wires and cables, totally enclosed noncombustible raceways, electrical outlet boxes and other similar building services that penetrate a fire separation or a membrane forming part of an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating, shall be,

(a) sealed by a fire stop system that, when subjected to the fire test method in ULC-S115, “Fire Tests for Fire Stop Systems”, has an F rating not less than the fire-protection rating required for closures in the fire separation in conformance with Table 3.1.8.4., or

(b) tightly fitted.

(2) Piping, tubing, ducts, chimneys, optical fibre cables, electrical wires and cables, totally enclosed noncombustible raceways, electrical outlet boxes and other similar building services that penetrate a firewall or a horizontal fire separation that is required to have a fire-resistance rating in conformance with Article 3.2.1.2., shall be sealed at the penetration by a fire stop system that, when subjected to the fire test method in CAN4-S115-M, “Fire Tests of Firestop Systems”, has an FT rating not less than the fire-resistance rating for the fire separation.

3.1.9.2. Combustibility of Service Penetrations

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.1.9.3. and 3.1.9.4., pipes, ducts, electrical outlet boxes, totally enclosed raceways or other similar service equipment that penetrate an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall be noncombustible unless the assembly has been tested incorporating that service equipment.

3.1.9.3. Penetration by Wires, Cables and Outlet Boxes

(1) Optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables in totally enclosed noncombustible raceways are permitted to penetrate an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating without being incorporated in the assembly at the time of testing as required by Article 3.1.9.2.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), totally enclosed nonmetallic raceways conforming to Article 3.1.5.20, optical fibre cables, and electrical wires and cables, single or grouped, with combustible insulation, jackets or sheathes that conform to the requirements of Clause 3.1.5.18.(1)(a) and that are not installed in totally enclosed noncombustible raceways are permitted to penetrate an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating without being incorporated in the assembly at the time of testing as required by Article 3.1.9.2., provided the overall diameter of the single or grouped wires or cables, or the raceways is not more than 25 mm.

(3) Single conductor metal sheathed cables with combustible jacketing that are more than 25 mm (1 in) in overall diameter are permitted to penetrate a fire separation required to have a fire-resistance rating without being incorporated in the assembly at the time of testing as required by Article 3.1.9.2., provided the cables are not grouped.

(4) Combustible totally enclosed raceways that are embedded in a concrete floor slab are permitted in an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating without being incorporated in the assembly at the time of testing as required by Article 3.1.9.2., provided the concrete cover between the raceway and the bottom of the slab is not less than 50 mm.

(5) Combustible outlet boxes are permitted in an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating without being incorporated in the assembly at the time of testing as required by Article 3.1.9.2., provided the opening through the membrane into the box is not more than 0.016 m².

(6) Outlet boxes that penetrate opposite sides of a wall assembly shall be offset where necessary to maintain the integrity of the fire separation.

3.1.9.4. Combustible Piping Penetrations

(1) Combustible sprinkler piping is permitted to penetrate a fire separation provided the fire compartments on each side of the fire separation are sprinklered.

(2) Reserved

(3) Except as permitted by Sentences (4) to (8), combustible piping shall not be used if any part of that system penetrates,

(a) a fire separation required to have a fire-resistance rating, or

(b) a membrane that forms part of an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating.

(4) Combustible piping is permitted to penetrate a fire separation required to have a fire-resistance rating or a membrane that forms part of an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating, provided,

(a) the piping is sealed at the penetration by a fire stop system that has an F rating not less than the fire-resistance rating required for the fire separation when subjected to the fire test method in CAN4-S115-M, “Fire Tests of Firestop Systems”, with a pressure differential of 50 Pa between the exposed and unexposed sides, with the higher pressure on the exposed side, and

(b) the piping is not located in a vertical shaft.

(5) Combustible drain piping is permitted to penetrate a horizontal fire separation provided it leads directly from a noncombustible water closet through a concrete floor slab.

(6) Combustible piping is permitted on one side of a vertical fire separation provided it is not located in a vertical shaft.

(7) Combustible piping is permitted to penetrate a vertical or horizontal fire separation provided the fire compartments on each side of the fire separation are sprinklered.

(8) Combustible piping not more 25 mm in diameter containing chlorine gas is permitted to penetrate a fire separation between a chlorine gas service room built in conjunction with a public pool or public spa, and the remainder of the building.

3.1.9.5. Openings through a Membrane Ceiling

(1) A membrane ceiling forming part of an assembly assigned a fire-resistance rating on the basis of Supplementary Standard SB-2 is permitted to be penetrated by openings leading into ducts within the ceiling space provided,

(a) the ducts are sheet steel, and

(b) the amount of openings and their protection conform to the requirements of Supplementary Standard SB-2.

(2) Fire stop flaps in ceiling membranes required in Sentence (1) shall conform to CAN4-S112.2-M, “Fire Test of Ceiling Firestop Flap Assemblies”.

3.1.9.6. Plenums

(1) A ceiling assembly used as a plenum shall conform to Article 3.6.4.3.

3.1.10. Firewalls

3.1.10.1. Prevention of Firewall Collapse

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), the connections and supports for structural framing members that are connected to or supported on a firewall and have a fire-resistance rating less than that required for the firewall, shall be designed so that the failure of the framing systems during a fire will not affect the integrity of the firewall during the fire.

(2) Sentence (1) does not apply to a firewall consisting of two separate wall assemblies each tied to its respective building frame but not to each other, provided each wall assembly is,

(a) a fire separation having one half of the fire-resistance rating required for the firewall by Sentences 3.1.10.2.(1) and (2), and

(b) designed so that the collapse of one wall assembly will not cause collapse of the other.

(3) A firewall is permitted to be supported on the structural frame of a building of noncombustible construction provided the supporting frame has a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the firewall.

(4) Piping, ducts and totally enclosed noncombustible raceways shall be installed so that their collapse will not cause collapse of the firewall.

3.1.10.2. Rating of Firewalls

(1) A firewall that separates a building or buildings with floor areas containing a Group E or a Group F, Division 1 or 2 major occupancy shall be constructed as a fire separation of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating not less than 4 h, except that where the upper portion of a firewall separates floor areas containing other than Group E or Group F, Division 1 or 2 major occupancies, the fire-resistance rating of the upper portion of the firewall is permitted to be not less than 2 h.

(2) A firewall that separates a building or buildings with floor areas containing major occupancies other than Group E or Group F, Division 1 or 2 shall be constructed as a fire separation of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h.

(3) Except as permitted by Sentence (4), the required fire-resistance rating of a firewall, except for closures, shall be provided by masonry or concrete.

(4) A firewall permitted to have a fire-resistance rating not more than 2 h need not be constructed of masonry or concrete provided,

(a) the assembly providing the fire-resistance rating is protected against damage that would compromise the integrity of the assembly,

(b) the design conforms to Article 4.1.5.18.,

(c) the level of performance of the firewall is not less than of masonry or concrete in the areas of

(i) performance during fire conditions,

(ii) mechanical damage during the normal use of the building, and

(iii) resistance to damage from moisture,

(d) the firewall separates buildings or buildings with floor areas that do not contain,

(i) a Group B, Division 1 major occupancy, or

(ii) a Group B, Division 2 major occupancy, and

(e) the firewall does not separate buildings regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6.

Note: On April 1, 2010, Clause (e) is revoked and the following substituted:

(e) the firewall separates a sprinklered building regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6 from another sprinklered building.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 2, 15.

3.1.10.3. Continuity of Firewalls

(1) A firewall shall extend from the ground continuously through, or adjacent to, all storeys of a building or buildings so separated, except that a firewall located above a basement storage garage conforming to Article 3.2.1.2. is permitted to commence at the floor assembly immediately above the storage garage.

(2) A firewall is permitted to terminate on the underside of a reinforced concrete roof slab provided,

(a) the roof slab on both sides of the firewall has a fire-resistance rating not less than,

(i) 1 h if the firewall is required to have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, or

(ii) 2 h if the firewall is required to have a fire-resistance rating not less than 4 h, and

(b) there are no concealed spaces within the roof slab in that portion immediately above the firewall.

3.1.10.4. Parapets

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and 3.1.10.3.(2), a firewall shall extend above the roof surface to form a parapet not less than,

(a) 150 mm high for a firewall required to have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, and

(b) 900 mm high for a firewall required to have a fire-resistance rating not less than 4 h.

(2) A firewall that separates 2 buildings with roofs at different elevations need not extend above the upper roof surface to form a parapet, provided the difference in elevation between the roofs is more than 3 m.

3.1.10.5. Maximum Openings

(1) Openings in a firewall shall conform to the size limits described in Article 3.1.8.6. and the aggregate width of openings shall be not more than 25% of the entire length of the firewall.

3.1.10.6. Exposure Protection for Adjacent Walls

(1) The requirements of Article 3.2.3.14. shall apply to the external walls of 2 buildings that meet at a firewall at an angle less than 135°.

3.1.10.7. Combustible Projections

(1) Combustible material shall not extend across the end of a firewall but is permitted to extend across a roof above a firewall that is terminated in conformance with Sentence 3.1.10.3.(2).

(2) If buildings are separated by a firewall, combustible projections on the exterior of one building, including balconies, platforms, canopies, eave projections and stairs, that extend outward beyond the end of the firewall, shall not be permitted within 2 400 mm of combustible projections and window or door openings of the adjacent building.

3.1.11. Fire Stops in Concealed Spaces

3.1.11.1. Separation of Concealed Spaces

(1) Concealed spaces in interior wall, ceiling and crawl spaces shall be separated from concealed spaces in exterior walls and attic or roof spaces by fire stops conforming to Article 3.1.11.7.

3.1.11.2. Fire Stopping in Wall Assemblies

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), fire stops conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. shall be provided to block off concealed spaces within a wall assembly,

(a) at every floor level,

(b) at every ceiling level where the ceiling forms part of an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating, and

(c) so that the maximum horizontal dimension is not more than 20 m and the maximum vertical dimension is not more than 3 m.

(2) Fire stops conforming to Sentence (1) are not required provided,

(a) the wall space is filled with insulation,

(b) the exposed construction materials and any insulation within the wall space are noncombustible,

(c) the exposed construction materials and any insulation within the wall space have a flame-spread rating not more than 25 on any exposed surface, or on any surface that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, and fire stops are installed so that the vertical distance between them is not more than 10 m, or

(d) the insulated wall assembly contains not more than one concealed air space, and the horizontal thickness of that air space is not more than 25 mm.

3.1.11.3. Fire Stopping between Nailing and Supporting Elements

(1) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction, a concealed space in which there is an exposed ceiling finish with a flame-spread rating more than 25, shall be provided with fire stops conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. between wood nailing elements, so that the maximum area of the concealed space is not more than 2 m².

(2) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction, fire stops conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. shall be provided in the concealed spaces created by the wood members permitted by Sentence 3.1.5.8.(2) so that the maximum area of a concealed space is not more than 10 m².

3.1.11.4. Fire Stopping between Vertical and Horizontal Spaces

(1) Fire stops conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. shall be provided,

(a) at all interconnections between concealed vertical and horizontal spaces in interior coved ceilings, drop ceilings and soffits in which the exposed construction materials within the space have a flame-spread rating more than 25, and

(b) at the end of each run and at each floor level in concealed spaces between stair stringers in which the exposed construction materials within the space have a flame-spread rating more than 25.

3.1.11.5. Fire Stopping of Horizontal Concealed Spaces

(1) Except for a crawl space conforming to Sentence 3.1.11.6.(1), a horizontal concealed space within a floor assembly or roof assembly of combustible construction, in which sprinklers are not installed, shall be separated by construction conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. into compartments not more than,

(a) 600 m² in area with no dimension more than 60 m if the exposed construction materials within the space have a flame-spread rating not more than 25, and

(b) 300 m² in area with no dimension more than 20 m if the exposed construction materials within the space have a flame-spread rating more than 25.

(2) A concealed space in an exterior cornice, a mansard style roof, a balcony or a canopy in which exposed construction materials within the space have a flame-spread rating more than 25, shall be separated by construction conforming to Article 3.1.11.7.,

(a) at locations where the concealed space extends across the ends of required vertical fire separations, and

(b) so that the maximum dimension in the concealed space is not more than 20 m.

3.1.11.6. Fire Stopping of Crawl Spaces

(1) A crawl space that is not considered as a basement by Article 3.2.2.9. and in which sprinklers are not installed, shall be separated by construction conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. into compartments not more than 600 m² in area with no dimension more than 30 m.

3.1.11.7. Fire Stop Materials

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) to (4) and (7) materials used to separate concealed spaces into compartments shall remain in place and prevent the passage of flames for not less than 15 min when subjected to the standard fire exposure in CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”.

(2) Gypsum board not less than 12.7 mm thick and sheet steel not less than 0.38 mm thick need not be tested in conformance with Sentence (1) provided all joints have continuous support.

(3) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction, wood nailing elements described in Article 3.1.5.6. need not be tested in conformance with Sentence (1).

(4) In a building permitted to be of combustible construction, in a combustible roof system permitted by Sentence 3.1.5.3.(2), and in a raised platform permitted by Sentence 3.1.5.8.(2), materials used to separate concealed spaces into compartments are permitted to be,

(a) solid lumber not less than 38 mm thick,

(b) phenolic bonded plywood, waferboard, or strandboard not less than 12.5 mm thick with joints supported, or

(c) two thicknesses of lumber, each not less than 19 mm thick with joints staggered, where the width or height of the concealed space requires more than one piece of lumber not less than 38 mm thick to block off the space.

(5) Openings through materials referred to in Sentences (1) to (4) shall be protected to maintain the integrity of the construction.

(6) Where materials referred to in Sentences (1) to (4) are penetrated by construction elements or by service equipment, fire stop materials shall be used to seal the penetration.

(7) In a building permitted to be of combustible construction, semi-rigid fibre insulation board, produced from glass, rock or slag, is permitted to be used to block the vertical space in a double wythe wall assembly formed at the intersection of the floor assembly and the walls, provided the insulation board,

(a) has a density not less than 45 kg/m³,

(b) is securely fastened to one set of studs,

(c) extends from below the bottom of the top plates in the lower storey to above the top of the bottom plate in the upper storey, and

(d) completely fills the portion of the vertical space between the headers and between the wall plates.

3.1.12. Flame-Spread Rating and Smoke Developed Classification

3.1.12.1. Determination of Ratings

(1) Except as required by Sentence (2) and as permitted by Sentence (3), the flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification of a material, assembly, or structural member shall be determined on the basis of no fewer than three tests conducted in conformance with CAN/ULC-S102-M, “Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies”.

(2) The flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification of a material or assembly shall be determined on the basis of no fewer than three tests conducted in conformance with CAN/ULC-S102.2, “Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Flooring, Floor Coverings, and Miscellaneous Materials and Assemblies”, if the material or assembly,

(a) is designed for use in a relatively horizontal position with only its top surface exposed to air,

(b) cannot be tested in conformance with Sentence (1) without the use of supporting material that is not representative of the intended installation, or

(c) is thermoplastic.

(3) A material, assembly, or structural member is permitted to be assigned a flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification on the basis of Supplementary Standard SB-2.

3.1.13. Interior Finish

3.1.13.1. Interior Finish Description

(1) Interior finish material shall include any material that forms part of the interior surface of a floor, wall, partition or ceiling, including,

(a) interior cladding of plaster, wood or tile,

(b) surfacing of fabric, paint, plastic, veneer or wallpaper,

(c) doors, windows and trim,

(d) lighting elements, such as light diffusers and lenses forming part of the finished surface of the ceiling, and

(e) carpet material that overlies a floor that is not intended as the finished floor.

3.1.13.2. Flame-Spread Rating

(1) Except as otherwise required or permitted by this Subsection, the flame-spread rating of interior wall and ceiling finishes, including glazing and skylights, shall be not more than 150 and shall conform to Table 3.1.13.2.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), doors, other than those in Group A, Division 1 occupancies, need not conform to Sentence (1) provided they have a flame-spread rating not more than 200.

(3) Doors within a dwelling unit need not conform to Sentences (1) and (2).

(4) Up to 10% of the total wall area and 10% of the total ceiling area of a wall or ceiling finish that is required by Sentence (1) to have a flame-spread rating less than 150 is permitted to have a flame-spread rating not more than 150, except that up to 25% of the total wall area of lobbies described in Sentence 3.4.4.2.(2) is permitted to have a flame-spread rating not more than 150.

(5) Except in the case of Group A, Division 1 occupancies, combustible doors, skylights, glazing and light diffusers and lenses shall not be considered in the calculation of wall and ceiling areas described in Sentence (4).

Table 3.1.13.2.
Flame-Spread Ratings

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.13.2.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3
Occupancy, Location or Element	Maximum Flame-Spread Rating for Walls and Ceilings
	Sprinklered	Not Sprinklered
Group A, Division 1 occupancies, including doors, skylights, glazing and light diffusers and lenses	150	75
Group B occupancies	150	75 (2)
Exits(1)	25	25
Lobbies described in Sentence 3.4.4.2.(2)	25	25
Covered vehicular passageways, except for roof assemblies of heavy timber construction in such passageways	25	25
Vertical service spaces	25	25

Notes to Table 3.1.13.2.:

⁽¹⁾See Articles 3.1.13.8. and 3.1.13.10.

⁽²⁾Group B occupancies are required to be sprinklered. See Part 11 for renovations of existing non-sprinklered Group B occupancies.

3.1.13.3. Bathrooms in Residential Suites

(1) The flame-spread rating of interior wall and ceiling finishes for a bathroom in a suite of residential occupancy shall be not more than 200.

(2) Plumbing fixtures shall have a flame-spread rating not more than 200.

3.1.13.4. Light Diffusers and Lenses

(1) The flame-spread rating of combustible light diffusers and lenses in all occupancies other than Group A, Division 1 is permitted to be more than the flame-spread rating limits required elsewhere in this Subsection, provided the light diffusers and lenses,

(a) have a flame-spread rating not more than 250 and a smoke developed classification not more than 600 when tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S102.2, “Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Flooring, Floor Coverings, and Miscellaneous Materials and Assemblies”,

(b) fall to the bottom of the test apparatus before igniting when tested in conformance with ULC-S102.3-M, “Fire Test of Light Diffusers and Lenses”,

(c) are not prevented from falling from the ceiling by construction located beneath the elements, and

(d) are not used in a corridor that is required to be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation or in an exit shaft unless individual diffusers or lenses are not more than 1 m² in area and are not less than 1 200 mm apart.

3.1.13.5. Skylights

(1) Individual combustible skylights in a corridor that is required to be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation shall be not more than 1 m² in area and not less than 1 200 mm apart.

3.1.13.6. Corridors

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), the flame-spread rating shall be not more than 75 for the interior wall finish of,

(a) a public corridor,

(b) a corridor used by the public in,

(i) an assembly occupancy, or

(ii) a care or detention occupancy,

(c) a corridor serving classrooms, or

(d) a corridor serving sleeping rooms in a care or detention occupancy.

(2) The flame-spread rating limit specified in Sentence (1) does not apply to corridors referred to in Sentence (1) provided the flame-spread rating is not more than,

(a) 25 on the upper half of the wall, and

(b) 150 on the lower half of the wall.

(3) The flame-spread rating limits specified in Sentences (1) and (2) for corridors referred to in Sentence (1) does not apply to a corridor in which the flame-spread rating is not more than 150 provided the floor area is sprinklered.

(4) The flame-spread rating limits specified in Sentences (1), (2) and (3) apply to occupancies in the corridor as well as to the corridor itself.

(5) Except in a floor area that is sprinklered and as permitted in Sentence (6), the interior ceiling finish of corridors and occupancies referred to in Sentences (1) and (4) shall have a flame-spread rating not more than 25.

(6) The flame-spread rating limits specified in Sentence (5) do not apply to a corridor in which the flame-spread rating is not more than 150 provided the floor area is sprinklered.

3.1.13.7. High Buildings

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), the interior wall, ceiling and floor finishes in a building regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6. shall conform to the flame-spread rating requirements in Articles 3.1.13.2. to 3.1.13.6. and to the flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification values in Table 3.1.13.7.

(2) Except for a building of Group B major occupancy and elevator cars, the flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification of interior wall, floor and ceiling finishes need not conform to the values in Table 3.1.13.7., provided the building is sprinklered and the sprinkler system is electrically supervised in conformance with Sentence 3.2.6.4.(1).

(3) Trim, millwork and doors in an exit stairway, a vestibule to an exit stairway, a lobby described in Sentence 3.4.4.2.(2), or a corridor not within a suite need not conform to the flame-spread rating and smoke developed classification requirements of Sentence (1) provided they have,

(a) a flame-spread rating not more than 150,

(b) a smoke developed classification not more than 300, and

(c) an aggregate area not more than 10% of the area of the wall or ceiling on which they occur.

Table 3.1.13.7.
Flame-Spread Rating and Smoke Developed Classification in a High Building

Forming Part of Sentence 3.1.13.7.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4	Column 5	Column 6	Column 7
Location or Element	Maximum Flame-Spread Rating			Maximum Smoke Developed Classification
	Wall Surface	Ceiling Surface (1)	Floor Surface	Wall Surface	Ceiling Surface (1)	Floor Surface
Exit stairways, vestibules to exit stairs and lobbies described in Sentence 3.4.4.2.(2)	25	25	25	50	50	50
Corridors not within suites	(2)	(2)	300	100	50	500
Elevator cars and vestibules	25	25	300	100	100	300
Service spaces and service rooms	25	25	25	50	50	50
Other locations and elements	(2)	(2)	No limit	300	50	No limit

Note to Table 3.1.13.7.:

⁽¹⁾See Sentence 3.1.13.4.(1) for lighting elements.

⁽²⁾Other requirements of this Part apply.

(4) Except as permitted in Sentences (5) to (7), plumbing fixtures in a building regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6. shall have a smoke developed classification not more than 300.

(5) A plumbing fixture that is not located in a Group B occupancy need not comply with Sentence (4) if the building is sprinklered.

(6) A plumbing fixture may have a smoke developed classification more than 300 but not more than 500 if,

(a) it is in a room where the wall surfaces have a smoke developed classification not more than 200, and

(b) it is located in,

(i) a Group C occupancy, or

(ii) a Group B occupancy and the building is sprinklered.

(7) A therapeutic bathing system in a Group B occupancy need not comply with Sentence (4) if the room in which it is located,

(a) does not open directly into patients’ or residents’ sleeping rooms, and

(b) is sprinklered.

3.1.13.8. Noncombustible Construction

(1) In a building required to be of noncombustible construction,

(a) the flame-spread ratings required by Subsection 3.1.5. shall apply in addition to the requirements in this Subsection, and

(b) the flame-spread ratings for exits in this Subsection shall also apply to any surface in the exit that would be exposed by cutting through the material in any direction, except that this requirement does not apply to doors, heavy timber construction in a sprinklered building and fire-retardant treated wood.

3.1.13.9. Underground Walkways

(1) Except for paint, the interior wall and ceiling finishes of an underground walkway shall be of noncombustible materials.

3.1.13.10. Exterior Exit Passageway

(1) The wall and ceiling finishes of an exterior exit passageway that provides the only means of egress from the rooms or suites it serves, including the soffit beneath and the guard on the passageway, shall have a flame-spread rating not more than 25, except that a flame-spread rating not more than 150 is permitted for up to 10% of the total wall area and for up to 10% of the total ceiling area.

3.1.14. Roof Assemblies

3.1.14.1. Fire-Retardant Treated Wood Roof Systems

(1) If a fire-retardant treated wood roof system is used to comply with the requirements of Subsection 3.2.2., the roof deck assembly shall meet the conditions of acceptance of CAN/ULC-S126-M, “Test for Fire Spread Under Roof-Deck Assemblies”.

(2) Supports for the roof deck assembly referred to in Sentence (1) shall consist of,

(a) fire-retardant treated wood,

(b) heavy timber construction,

(c) noncombustible construction, or

(d) a combination of the items described in Clauses (a), (b) and (c).

3.1.14.2. Metal Roof Deck Assemblies

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), a metal roof deck assembly shall meet the conditions of acceptance of CAN/ULC-S126-M, “Test for Fire Spread Under Roof-Deck Assemblies”, if,

(a) it supports a combustible material above the deck that could propagate a fire beneath the roof deck assembly, and

(b) the deck is used to comply with the requirements of Sentences 3.2.2.25.(2), 3.2.2.32.(2), 3.2.2.53.(2), 3.2.2.59.(2), 3.2.2.69.(2), and 3.2.2.76.(2) for noncombustible construction.

(2) The requirements of Sentence (1) are waived provided,

(a) the combustible material above the roof deck is protected by not less than 12.7 mm thick gypsum board, mechanically fastened to a supporting assembly if located beneath the roof deck, or by a thermal barrier conforming to one of Clauses 3.1.5.12.(2)(c) to (e) that is located,

(i) on the underside of the combustible material, or

(ii) beneath the roof deck,

(b) the building is sprinklered, or

(c) the roof assembly has a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min.

3.1.15. Roof Covering

3.1.15.1. Roof Covering Classification

(1) A roof covering classification shall be determined in conformance with CAN/ULC-S107-M, “Fire Tests of Roof Coverings”.

3.1.15.2. Roof Coverings

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), every roof covering shall have a Class A, B or C classification as determined in accordance with Article 3.1.15.1.

(2) A roof covering is not required to have a Class A, B or C classification for

(a) a tent,

(b) an air-supported structure, or

(c) a building of Group A, Division 2 occupancy not more than 2 storeys in building height and not more than 1 000 m² in building area provided the roof covering is underlaid with noncombustible material.

3.1.16. Fabrics

3.1.16.1. Fabric Awnings, Canopies and Marquees

(1) Fabrics used as part of an awning, canopy or marquee that is located within or attached to a building of any type of construction shall conform to CAN/ULC-S109, “Flame Tests of Flame-Resistant Fabrics and Films”.

3.1.17. Occupant Load

3.1.17.1. Occupant Load Determination

(1) The occupant load of a floor area or part of a floor area, or of a building or part of a building not having a floor area, shall be based on,

(a) the number of seats in an assembly occupancy having fixed seats,

(b) 2 persons per sleeping room or sleeping area in a dwelling unit or suite, or

(c) the number of persons,

(i) for which the area is designed, or

(ii) determined from Table 3.1.17.1. for occupancies other than those described in Clauses (a) and (b).

(2) If a floor area or part of it has been designed for an occupant load other than that determined from Table 3.1.17.1., a permanent sign indicating that occupant load shall be posted in a conspicuous location.

Table 3.1.17.1.
Occupant Load

Forming Part of Article 3.1.17.1.

Column 1	Column 2
Type of Use of Building or Floor Area or Part of Floor Area	Area per Person, m2
Assembly uses
space with fixed seats	See Clause (1)(a)
space with nonfixed seats	0.75
stages for theatrical performances	0.75
space with nonfixed seats and tables	0.95
standing space	0.40
stadia and grandstands	0.60
bowling alleys, pool and billiard rooms	9.30
classrooms	1.85
school shops and vocational rooms	9.30
reading or writing rooms or lounges	1.85
dining, alcoholic beverage and cafeteria space	1.10
laboratories in schools	4.60
exhibition halls other than those classified in Group E	2.80
Care or detention uses
B-1 : detention quarters	11.60
B-2 : treatment and sleeping room areas	10.00
B-3 : sleeping room areas	10.00
(See also Article 3.7.1.3.)
Residential uses
dwelling units	See Clause (1)(b)
dormitories	4.60
Business and personal services uses
personal service shops	4.60
offices	9.30
Mercantile uses
basements and first storeys	3.70
second storeys having a principal entrance from a pedestrian	3.70
thoroughfare or a parking area
dining, alcoholic beverage and cafeteria space	1.10
other storeys	5.60
Industrial uses
manufacturing or process rooms	4.60
storage garages	46.00
storage spaces (warehouse)	28.00
aircraft hangars	46.00
Other uses
cleaning and repair of goods	4.60
kitchens	9.30
storage	46.00
public corridors intended for occupancies in addition to pedestrian travel	3.70

(3) For the purposes of this Article, mezzanines, tiers and balconies shall be regarded as part of the floor area.

(4) If a room or group of rooms is intended for different occupancies at different times, the value to be used from Table 3.1.17.1. shall be the value that gives the greatest number of persons for the occupancies concerned.

(5) Except as provided by Sentence (6) or (7), in dining, alcoholic beverage and cafeteria spaces the occupant load shall be determined from Table 3.1.17.1.

(6) The occupant load in Sentence (5) is permitted to be the number of persons for which the space is designed.

(7) The occupant load in Sentence (6) shall be not more than that determined by using an area of 0.6 m² per person.

3.1.17.2. Dance Floor

(1) The occupant load of a room in which a dance floor is situated shall be calculated in respect of that portion of the room that is not occupied by the dance floor.

3.1.17.3. Public Pools

(1) The occupant load of a public pool, except a wave action pool, shall be determined by the following formula:

where,

D = the water surface area in square metres of the part of the pool that is deeper than 1 350 mm; and

S = the water surface area in square metres of the part of the pool that is 1 350 mm in depth or less.

(2) The occupant load of a wave action pool shall be determined by the following formula:

where,

D = the water surface area in square metres of the part of the pool where the still water depth is greater than 1 000 mm; and

S = the water surface area in square metres of the part of the pool where the still water depth is 1 000 mm or less.

3.1.18. Drainage and Grades

3.1.18.1. Drainage

(1) The building shall be located and the building site graded so that water will not accumulate at or near the building and will not adversely affect any adjacent properties.

3.1.19. Above Ground Electrical Conductors

3.1.19.1. Clearance to Buildings

(1) Where a building is to be constructed in proximity to existing above ground electrical conductors of a voltage not less than 2.5 kV and not more than 46 kV,

(a) the building shall not be located beneath the conductors, and

(b) the horizontal clearance between the building and the maximum conductor swing shall be not less than 3 m.

(2) Where a building is to be constructed in proximity to existing above ground electrical conductors of a voltage more than 46 kV, the clearances between the building and the conductors shall conform to the requirements of CAN/CSA-C22.3 No.1, “Overhead Systems”.

3.1.19.2. Exception

(1) Article 3.1.19.1. does not apply to buildings containing electrical equipment and electrical installations used exclusively in the generation, transformation or transmission of electrical power or energy intended for sale or distribution to the public.

Section 3.2. Building Fire Safety

3.2.1. General

3.2.1.1. Exceptions in Determining Building Height

(1) A roof-top enclosure provided for elevator machinery, a stairway or a service room used for no purpose other than for service to the building, shall not be considered as a storey in calculating the building height.

(2) Space under tiers of seats in a building of the arena type shall not be considered as adding to the building height provided the space is used only for dressing rooms, concession stands and similar purposes incidental to the major occupancy of the building.

(3) Except as required by Sentence (5), the space above a mezzanine need not be considered as a storey in calculating building height provided,

(a) the aggregate area of mezzanines that are not superimposed does not exceed 40% of the open area of the room in which they are located, and

(b) except as permitted in Sentence (8) and Sentence 3.3.2.11.(3) the space above the mezzanine is used as an open area without partitions or subdividing walls higher than 1 070 mm above the mezzanine floor.

(4) Except as required by Sentence (5), the space above a mezzanine need not be considered as a storey in calculating the building height provided,

(a) the aggregate area of mezzanines that are not superimposed and do not meet the conditions of Sentence (3) does not exceed 10% of the floor area in which they are located, and

(b) the area of mezzanine in a suite does not exceed 10% of the area of that suite.

(5) Except as permitted by Sentences (6) and (7), each level of mezzanine that is partly or wholly superimposed above the first level of mezzanine shall be considered as a storey in calculating the building height.

(6) Platforms intended solely for periodic inspection and elevated catwalks need not be considered as floor assemblies or mezzanines for the purpose of determining building height provided,

(a) they are not used for storage,

(b) they are constructed with noncombustible materials unless the building is permitted to be of combustible construction, and

(c) where they are intended to be occupied, they have an occupant load of not more that 4 persons.

(7) Mezzanines, elevated walkways and platforms that are intended to be occupied in Group F, Division 2 or 3 major occupancies need not be considered as storeys in calculating building height provided,

(a) the building is of noncombustible construction, and

(b) the occupant load is not more than 4 persons.

(8) The space above a mezzanine conforming to Sentence (3) is permitted to include an enclosed space whose area does not exceed 10% of the open area of the room in which the mezzanine is located, provided the enclosed space does not obstruct visual communication between the open space above the mezzanine and the room in which it is located.

(9) A service space in which facilities are included to permit a person to enter and to undertake maintenance and other operations pertaining to building services from within the service space need not be considered a storey if it conforms to Articles 3.2.5.15. and 3.3.1.23. and Sentences 3.2.4.19.(12), 3.2.7.3.(2), 3.3.1.3.(7), 3.4.2.4.(3) and 3.4.4.4.(9).

3.2.1.2. Storage Garage Considered as a Separate Building

(1) A basement used primarily as a storage garage is permitted to be considered as a separate building for the purposes of Subsection 3.2.2., provided the floor and roof assemblies above the basement and the exterior walls of the basement above the adjoining ground level are constructed as fire separations of masonry or concrete having a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, except as permitted by Sentence (2).

(2) The exterior wall of a basement that is required to be a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating in accordance with Sentence (1) is permitted to be penetrated by openings that are not protected by closures provided,

(a) the storage garage is sprinklered,

(b) every opening in the exterior wall is separated from storeys above the opening by a projection of the floor or roof assembly above the basement, extending not less than,

(i) 1 000 mm beyond the exterior face of the storage garage if the upper storeys are required to be of noncombustible construction, or

(ii) 2 000 mm beyond the exterior face of the storage garage if the upper storeys are permitted to be of combustible construction, or

(c) the exterior walls of any storeys located above the floor or roof assembly referred to in Sentence (1) are recessed behind the outer edge of the assembly by not less than,

(i) 1 000 mm if the upper storeys are required to be of noncombustible construction, or

(ii) 2 000 mm if the upper storeys are permitted to be of combustible construction.

(3) The floor or roof assembly projection referred to in Clause (2)(b) shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h and shall have no openings within the projection.

3.2.1.3. Roof Considered as a Wall

(1) For the purposes of this Section any part of a roof that is pitched at an angle of 60° or more to the horizontal and is adjacent to a space intended for occupancy within a building shall be considered as part of an exterior wall of the building.

3.2.1.4. Floor Assembly over Basement

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.42.(3), 3.2.2.43.(3), 3.2.2.45.(3), 3.2.2.46.(3), 3.2.2.47.(3) or 3.2.2.48.(3), a floor assembly immediately above a basement shall be constructed as a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating conforming to the requirements of Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for a floor assembly, but not less than 45 min.

Note: On April 1, 2010, Sentence (1) is amended by adding “3.2.2.44.(3)” after “3.2.2.43.(3)”. See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 3, 15.

(2) All loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a floor assembly immediately above a basement shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required by Sentence (1) for the floor assembly.

3.2.1.5. Fire Containment in Basements

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and 3.2.2.15.(3), in a building in which an automatic sprinkler system is not required to be installed by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83., every basement shall,

(a) be sprinklered, or

(b) be subdivided into fire compartments not more than 600 m² in area by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the floor assembly immediately above the basement.

(2) An open-air storey need not conform to Sentence (1).

3.2.1.6. Mezzanines

(1) The floor assembly of a mezzanine that is required to be considered as a storey in calculating building height shall be constructed in conformance with the fire separation requirements for floor assemblies in Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83.

3.2.2. Building Size and Construction Relative to Occupancy

3.2.2.1. Application

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.3., a building shall be constructed in conformance with this Subsection to prevent fire spread and collapse caused by the effects of fire.

3.2.2.2. Special and Unusual Structures

(1) A structure that cannot be identified with the characteristics of a building in Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. shall be protected against fire spread and collapse in conformance with good fire protection engineering practice.

3.2.2.3. Exceptions to Structural Fire Protection

(1) Fire protection is not required for,

(a) steel lintels above openings not more than 2 m wide in loadbearing walls and not more than 3 m wide in non-loadbearing walls,

(b) steel lintels above openings more than 2 m wide in loadbearing walls and more than 3 m wide in non-loadbearing walls, provided the lintels are supported at intervals of not more than 2 m by structural members with the required fire-resistance rating,

(c) the bottom flanges of shelf angles and plates that are not a part of the structural frame,

(d) steel members for framework around elevator hoistway doorways, steel for the support of elevator and dumbwaiter guides, counterweights and other similar equipment, that are entirely enclosed in a hoistway and are not a part of the structural frame of the building,

(e) steel members of stairways and escalators that are not a part of the structural frame of a building,

(f) steel members of porches, exterior balconies, exterior stairways, fire escapes, cornices, marquees and other similar appurtenances, provided they are outside an exterior wall of a building, and

(g) loadbearing steel or concrete members wholly or partly outside a building face in a building not more than 4 storeys in building height and classified as Group A, B, C, D or F, Division 3 major occupancy provided the members are,

(i) not less than 1 000 mm away from any unprotected opening in an exterior wall, or

(ii) shielded from heat radiation in the event of a fire within the building by construction that will provide the same degree of protection that would be necessary if the member was located inside the building, with the protection extending on either side of the member a distance equal to the projection of the member from the face of the wall.

3.2.2.4. Buildings with Multiple Major Occupancies

(1) The requirements restricting fire spread and collapse for a building of a single major occupancy classification are provided in this Subsection according to its building height and building area.

(2) If a building contains more than one major occupancy, classified in more than one Group or Division, the requirements of this Subsection concerning building size and construction relative to major occupancy shall apply according to Articles 3.2.2.5. to 3.2.2.8.

3.2.2.5. Applicable Building Height and Area

(1) In determining the fire safety requirements of a building in relation to each of the major occupancies contained in it, the building height and building area of the entire building shall be used.

3.2.2.6. Multiple Major Occupancies

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.7. and 3.2.2.8., in a building containing more than one major occupancy, the requirements of this Subsection for the most restricted major occupancy contained shall apply to the whole building.

3.2.2.7. Superimposed Major Occupancies

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.8., in a building in which one major occupancy is located entirely above another major occupancy, the requirements in this Subsection for each portion of the building containing a major occupancy shall apply to that portion as if the entire building was of that major occupancy.

(2) If one major occupancy is located above another major occupancy, the fire-resistance rating of the floor assembly between the major occupancies shall be determined on the basis of the requirements of this Subsection for the lower major occupancy.

3.2.2.8. Exceptions for Major Occupancies

(1) In a building in which the aggregate area of all major occupancies in a particular Group or Division is not more than 10% of the floor area of the storey in which they are located, these major occupancies need not be considered as major occupancies for the purposes of this Subsection, provided they are not classified as Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancies.

(2) A helicopter landing area on the roof of a building need not be considered a major occupancy for purposes of Subsection 3.2.2. where such landing area is not more than 10% of the area of the roof.

3.2.2.9. Crawl Spaces

(1) For the purposes of Articles 3.2.1.4. and 3.2.1.5., a crawl space shall be considered as a basement if it is,

(a) more than 1 800 mm high between the lowest part of the floor assembly and the ground or other surface below,

(b) used for any occupancy,

(c) used for the passage of flue pipes, or

(d) used as a plenum in combustible construction.

(2) A floor assembly immediately above a crawl space is not required to be constructed as a fire separation and is not required to have a fire-resistance rating provided the crawl space is not required to be considered as a basement by Sentence (1).

3.2.2.10. Streets

(1) Every building shall face a street located in conformance with the requirements of Articles 3.2.5.4 and 3.2.5.5 for access routes.

(2) For the purposes of Subsections 3.2.2. and 3.2.5. an access route conforming to Subsection 3.2.5. is permitted to be considered as a street.

(3) A building is considered to face 2 streets provided not less than 50% of the building perimeter is located within 15 m of the street or streets.

(4) A building is considered to face 3 streets provided not less than 75% of the building perimeter is located within 15 m of the street or streets.

(5) Enclosed spaces, tunnels, bridges and similar structures, even though used for vehicular or pedestrian traffic, are not considered as streets for the purpose of this Part.

3.2.2.11. Exterior Balconies

(1) An exterior balcony shall be constructed in accordance with the type of construction required by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83., as applicable to the occupancy classification of the building.

3.2.2.12. Exterior Passageways

(1) An elevated exterior passageway used as part of a means of egress shall conform to the requirements of Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for mezzanines.

3.2.2.13. Occupancy on Roof

(1) A portion of a roof that supports an occupancy shall be constructed in conformance with the fire separation requirements of Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for floor assemblies.

3.2.2.14. Roof-Top Enclosures

(1) A roof-top enclosure for elevator machinery or for a service room shall be constructed in accordance with the type of construction required by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83.

(2) A roof-top enclosure for elevator machinery or for a service room, not more than one storey high, is not required to have a fire-resistance rating.

(3) A roof-top enclosure for a stairway shall be constructed in accordance with the type of construction required by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83.

(4) A roof-top enclosure for a stairway need not have a fire-resistance rating nor be constructed as a fire separation.

3.2.2.15. Storeys below Ground

(1) If a building is erected entirely below the adjoining finished ground level and does not extend more than one storey below that ground level, the minimum precautions against fire spread and collapse shall be the same as are required for basements under a building of 1 storey in building height having the same occupancy and building area.

(2) If any portion of a building is erected entirely below the adjoining finished ground level and extends more than one storey below that ground level, the following minimum precautions against fire spread and collapse shall be taken:

(a) except as permitted by Sentence (3), the basements shall be sprinklered,

(b) a floor assembly below the ground level shall be constructed as a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating not less than,

(i) 3 h if the basements are intended for use as Group E or Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancies, or

(ii) 2 h if the basements are not intended for use as Group E or Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancies, and

(c) all loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the construction that they support.

(3) If the first storey of a building is not required to be sprinklered, sprinklers are not required in the storey immediately below the first storey, provided the storey below,

(a) contains only residential occupancies, and

(b) has at least one unobstructed access opening conforming to Sentence 3.2.5.1.(2) installed on that storey for each 15 m of wall length in at least one wall required by this Subsection to face a street.

3.2.2.16. Heavy Timber Roof Permitted

(1) Unless otherwise permitted by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83., a roof assembly in a building up to 2 storeys in building height is permitted to be of heavy timber construction regardless of building area or type of construction required, provided the building is sprinklered.

(2) If Sentence (1) permits a roof assembly to be of heavy timber construction, structural members in the storey immediately below the roof assembly are permitted to be of heavy timber construction.

3.2.2.17. Sprinklers in Lieu of Roof Rating

(1) The requirements in Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for roof assemblies to have a fire-resistance rating are permitted to be waived provided,

(a) the building is sprinklered,

(b) the sprinkler system in Clause (a) is electrically supervised in conformance with Sentence 3.2.4.9.(2), and

(c) the operation of the sprinkler system in Clause (a) will cause a signal to be transmitted to the fire department in conformance with Sentence 3.2.4.7.(4).

3.2.2.18. Automatic Sprinkler System Required

(1) If an automatic sprinkler system is required by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83., the system shall conform to the requirements of Articles 3.2.4.7., 3.2.4.8., 3.2.4.9. and 3.2.5.13.

3.2.2.19. Buildings Containing Impeded Egress Zones

(1) A building containing an impeded egress zone and conforming to the appropriate requirements of Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. is not required to conform to the requirements of Articles 3.2.2.36. and 3.2.2.37. for a Group B, Division 1 major occupancy provided,

(a) the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(c) it does not include,

(i) a contained use area,

(ii) sleeping accommodation,

(iii) a high hazard industrial occupancy, or

(iv) a mercantile occupancy,

(d) the building area is not more than 6 400 m² if the building includes a medium hazard industrial occupancy,

(e) the impeded egress zone does not extend beyond the boundaries of the fire compartment in which it is located, and

(f) the occupant load of the impeded egress zone is not more than 100.

3.2.2.20. Group A, Division 1, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.21. and 3.2.2.22., a building classified as Group A, Division 1 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.21. Group A, Division 1, One Storey, Limited Area

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 1 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(b) it has less than 40% of the area of the building as 2 storeys for the purpose of,

(i) development of productions including preparation of scenery and costumes and rehearsal of performers,

(ii) organization of performers, scenery and sound equipment,

(iii) preparation by performers for a performance,

(iv) managerial functions, or

(v) toilets, rest rooms and similar public facilities,

(c) it has no occupancy above or below the auditorium other than one that serves it or is dependent on it,

(d) it is not more than 600 m² in building area, and

(e) the occupant load is not more than 600.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of heavy timber construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations,

(i) with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) of heavy timber construction, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly, or

(ii) be of heavy timber construction.

3.2.2.22. Group A, Division 1, One Storey

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 1 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(b) no part of an auditorium floor is more than 5 m above or below grade,

(c) no occupancy is above or below the auditorium other than one that serves it or is dependent on it, and

(d) the occupant load of the auditorium floor is not more than 300.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a fire separation shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the fire separation.

3.2.2.23. Group A, Division 2, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.24. to 3.2.2.28., a building classified as Group A, Division 2 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.24. Group A, Division 2, up to 6 Storeys, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 2, that is not limited by building area, is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered, and

(b) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) all loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.25. Group A, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.25.

Table 3.2.2.25.
Maximum Building Area, Group A, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.25.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 600	2 000	2 400
2	800	1 000	1 200

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less 45 min,

(c) roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height, the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1., and the building area is not more than,

(i) 800 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 1 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 1 200 m² if facing 3 streets, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.26. Group A, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys, Increased Area, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 4 800 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 2 400 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.27. Group A, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 2 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if 1 storey in building height with no basement,

(ii) 1 200 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(iii) 600 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

3.2.2.28. Group A, Division 2, One Storey

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 2 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) except as permitted by Sentence (2), it has a building area not more than,

(i) 400 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 500 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 600 m² if facing 3 streets.

(2) In a building referred to in Sentence (1) without a basement, the building area limits of Sentence (1) are permitted to be doubled provided a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h is used to separate the building into fire compartments, each one of which does not exceed the area limits of Clause 1(b).

3.2.2.29. Group A, Division 3, Any Height, Any Area

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.30. to 3.2.2.34., a building classified as Group A, Division 3 shall conform to Sentences (2) and (3).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered if it is regulated by Subsection 3.2.6.,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(d) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) If intended for occasional use for trade shows and similar exhibition purposes, the building referred to in Sentence (1) that is more than 1 500 m² in building area shall be sprinklered.

3.2.2.30. Group A, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.30.

Table 3.2.2.30.
Maximum Building Area, Group A, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.30.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	4 000	5 000	6 000
2	2 000	2 500	3 000

(2) Except as permitted by Clauses (c) and (d), the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) roof assemblies shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of heavy timber construction, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly, except that arches and structural members within the storey immediately below a roof assembly are permitted to be of heavy timber construction.

(3) If intended for occasional use for trade shows and similar exhibition purposes, the building referred to in Sentence (1) that is more than 1 500 m² in building area shall be sprinklered.

3.2.2.31. Group A, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 12 000 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 6 000 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Clause (c) and Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly, except that arches are permitted to be of heavy timber construction.

3.2.2.32. Group A, Division 3, One Storey, Increased Area

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentences (2) and (3) provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 3 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 3 600 m² if facing 3 streets.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1., and the building area is not more than,

(i) 1 200 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 1 500 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 1 800 m² if facing 3 streets, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

(3) If intended for occasional use for trade shows and similar exhibition purposes, the building referred to in Sentence (1) that is more than 1 500 m² in building area shall be sprinklered.

3.2.2.33. Group A, Division 3, One Storey, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 3 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than 7 200 m².

3.2.2.34. Group A, Division 3, One Storey

(1) A building classified as Group A, Division 3 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 1 000 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 1 250 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 1 500 m² if facing 3 streets.

3.2.2.35. Group A, Division 4

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), a building classified as Group A, Division 4 shall be of noncombustible construction.

(2) Roof assemblies and supporting arches and columns are permitted to be of heavy timber construction.

(3) A building classified as Group A, Division 4 is permitted to be of combustible construction provided,

(a) the occupant load is less than 1 500, and

(b) the building has a limiting distance not less than 6 m.

(4) Sprinklers shall be installed in all spaces below tiers of seats in a building classified as Group A, Division 4 if those spaces are used for occupancy.

3.2.2.36. Group B, Division 1, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.37., a building classified as Group B, Division 1 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.37. Group B, Division 1, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group B, Division 1 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1) the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area,

(i) that is not limited if the building is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(ii) not more than 12 000 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) not more than 8 000 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.38. Group B, Division 2 or Division 3, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.39. to 3.2.2.41., a building classified as Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.39. Group B, Division 2 or Division 3, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area,

(i) that is not limited if the building is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(ii) not more than 12 000 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) not more than 8 000 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.40. Group B, Division 2 or Division 3, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 1 600 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.41. Group B, Division 2 or Division 3, One Storey, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than 500 m².

3.2.2.42. Group C, Any Height, Any Area

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.43. to 3.2.2.48., a building classified as Group C shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) Reserved

(b) except as permitted by Sentence (3), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h,

(d) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

Note: On April 1, 2010, Article 3.2.2.42. is revoked and the following substituted:

3.2.2.42. Group C, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.43. to 3.2.2.48., a building classified as Group C shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) except as permitted by Sentence (3), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, which are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 4, 15.

3.2.2.43. Group C, up to 6 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.43.A. or Table 3.2.2.43.B.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence (3), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 h,

(c) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.43.A.
Maximum Building Area, Group C, up to 6 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.43.(1)

Column 1	Column 2		Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets			Facing 3 Streets
1	unlimited	unlimited			unlimited
2	6 000	unlimited			unlimited
3	4 000	5 000			6 000
4	3 000	3 750			4 500
5	2 400	3 000			3 600
6	2 000	2 500			3 000

Table 3.2.2.43.B.
Maximum Building Area, Group C up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.43.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
1	unlimited
2	unlimited
3	12 000
4	9 000
5	7 200
6	6 000

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

Note: On April 1, 2010, Article 3.2.2.43. is revoked and the following substituted:

3.2.2.43. Group C, up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area,

(i) that is not limited if the building is not more than 2 storeys in building height,

(ii) not more than 12 000 m² if 3 storeys in building height,

(iii) not more than 9 000 m² if 4 storeys in building height,

(iv) not more than 7 200 m² if 5 storeys in building height, or

(v) not more than 6 000 m² if 6 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence (3), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, which are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 4, 15.

3.2.2.44. Reserved

Note: On April 1, 2010, Article 3.2.2.44. is revoked and the following substituted:

3.2.2.44. Group C, up to 4 Storeys, Noncombustible Construction

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than,

(i) 3 storeys in building height, or

(ii) 4 storeys in building height provided there is not more than one dwelling unit above another dwelling unit, and vertical fire separations of adjacent dwelling units conform to Sentence (4), and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.44.

Table 3.2.2.44

Maximum Building Area, Group C, up to 4 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.43.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	not limited	not limited	not limited
2	6 000	not limited	not limited
3	4 000	5 000	6 000
4	3 000	3 750	4 500

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence (3), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, which are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

(4) The dwelling units described in Subclause (1)(a)(ii) shall be separated by continuous vertical fire separations that extend through all storeys and service spaces of the separated portions.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 5, 15.

3.2.2.45. Group C, up to 4 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 7 200 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 3 600 m² if 2 storeys in building height,

(iii) 2 400 m² if 3 storeys in building height, or

(iv) 1 800 m² if 4 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentences (3) and (4), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

(4) In a building in which there is no dwelling unit above another dwelling unit, the fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies entirely within the dwelling unit is waived.

3.2.2.46. Group C, up to 3 Storeys, Increased Area

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.46.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentences (3) and (4), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.46.
Maximum Building Area, Group C up to 3 Storeys, Increased Area

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.46.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	2 400	3 000	3 600
2	1 200	1 500	1 800
3	800	1 000	1 200

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h but need not be constructed as fire separations.

(4) In a building in which there is no dwelling unit above another dwelling unit, the fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies entirely within the dwelling unit is waived.

3.2.2.47. Group C, up to 3 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.47.

Table 3.2.2.47.
Maximum Building Area, Group C, up to 3 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.47.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 800	2 250	2 700
2	900	1 125	1 350
3	600	750	900

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentences (3) and (4), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min but need not be constructed as fire separations.

(4) In a building in which there is no dwelling unit above another dwelling unit, the fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies entirely within the dwelling unit is waived.

3.2.2.48. Group C, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group C is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 5 400 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 2 700 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) 1 800 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentences (3) and (4), floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

(3) In a building that contains dwelling units that have more than 1 storey, subject to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.4.2.(3), the floor assemblies, including floors over basements, that are entirely contained within these dwelling units, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min but need not be constructed as fire separations.

(4) In a building in which there is no dwelling unit above another dwelling unit, the fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies entirely within the dwelling unit is waived.

3.2.2.49. Group D, Any Height, Any Area

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.50. to 3.2.2.56., a building classified as Group D shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered if it is regulated by Subsection 3.2.6.,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h,

(d) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height this requirement is waived, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.50. Group D, up to 6 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.50.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height this requirement is waived, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.50.
Maximum Building Area, Group D, up to 6 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.50.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	not limited	not limited	not limited
2	7 200	not limited	not limited
3	4 800	6 000	7 200
4	3 600	4 500	5 400
5	2 800	3 600	4 320
6	2 400	3 000	3 600

3.2.2.51. Group D, up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area,

(i) that is not limited if the building is not more than 2 storeys in building height,

(ii) not more than 14 400 m² if 3 storeys in building height,

(iii) not more than 10 800 m² if 4 storeys in building height,

(iv) not more than 8 640 m² if 5 storeys in building height, or

(v) not more than 7 200 m² if 6 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.52. Group D, up to 4 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than 3 600 m².

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.53. Group D, up to 3 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.53.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height, the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1., and the building area is not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if facing one street,

(ii) 3 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 3 600 m² if facing 3 streets, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

Table 3.2.2.53.
Maximum Building Area, Group D, up to 3 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.53.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	4 800	6 000	7 200
2	2 400	3 000	3 600
3	1 600	2 000	2 400

3.2.2.54. Group D, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 14 400 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 7 200 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) 4 800 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.55. Group D, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.55.

Table 3.2.2.55.
Maximum Building Area, Group D, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.55.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 000	1 250	1 500
2	800	1 000)	1 200

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.56. Group D, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group D is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 3 000 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 2 400 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.57. Group E, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.58. to 3.2.2.62., a building classified as Group E shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.58. Group E, up to 4 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group E is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than 1 800 m².

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.59. Group E, up to 3 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group E is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.59.

Table 3.2.2.59.
Maximum Building Area, Group E, up to 3 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.59.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 500	1 500	1 500
2	1 200	1 500	1 500
3	800	1 000	1 500

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height, the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is of noncombustible construction or is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1.,

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a fire separation shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the fire separation.

3.2.2.60. Group E, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group E is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 7 200 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 3 600 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) 2 400 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a fire separation shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the fire separation.

3.2.2.61. Group E, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group E is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.61.

Table 3.2.2.61.
Maximum Building Area, Group E, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.61.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 000	1 250	1 500
2	600	750	900

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.62. Group E, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group E is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 3 000 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 1 800 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.63. Group F, Division 1, up to 4 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.64. to 3.2.2.66., a building classified as Group F, Division 1 shall conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 9 000 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 4 500 m² if 2 storeys in building height,

(iii) 3 000 m² if 3 storeys in building height, or

(iv) 2 250 m² if 4 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.64. Group F, Division 1, up to 3 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 1 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 3 600 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 1 800 m² if 2 storeys in building height, or

(iii) 1 200 m² if 3 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of heavy timber construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.65. Group F, Division 1, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 1 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 1 200 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.66. Group F, Division 1, One Storey

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 1 is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than 800 m².

3.2.2.67. Group F, Division 2, Any Height, Any Area, Sprinklered

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.68. to 3.2.2.72., a building classified as Group F, Division 2 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.68. Group F, Division 2, up to 6 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.68.A. or Table 3.2.2.68.B.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.68.A.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 6 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.68.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	9 000	11 250	13 500
2	4 500	5 625	6 750
3	3 000	3 750	4 500
4	2 250	2 810	3 375
5	1 800	2 250	2 700
6	1 500	1 875	2 250

Table 3.2.2.68.B.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.68.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
1	27 000
2	13 500
3	9 000
4	6 750
5	5 400
6	4 500

3.2.2.69. Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys, Increased Area

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.69.A. or Table 3.2.2.69.B.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.69.A.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys, Increased Area

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.69.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	6 000	7 500	9 000
2	3 000	3 750	4 500
3	2 000	2 500	3 000
4	1 500	1 875	2 250

Table 3.2.2.69.B.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys, Increased Area, Sprinklered

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.69.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
1	18 000
2	9 000
3	6 000
4	4 500

3.2.2.70. Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.70.A. or Table 3.2.2.70.B.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that in buildings not more than 1 storey in building height, the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1., and the building area is not more than,

(i) 1 600 m² if facing 1 street,

(ii) 2 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 2 400 m² if facing 3 streets,

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting a fire separation shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.70.A.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.70.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	3 200	4 000	4 800
2	1 600	2 000	2 400
3	1 070	1 340	1 600
4	800	1 000	1 200

Table 3.2.2.70.B.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 4 Storeys, Increased Area, Sprinklered

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.70.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
1	9 600
2	4 800
3	3 200
4	2 400

3.2.2.71. Group F, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.71.

Table 3.2.2.71.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.71.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 000	1 250	1 500
2	600	750	900

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.72. Group F, Division 2, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 2 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 4 500 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 1 800 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.73. Group F, Division 3, Any Height, Any Area

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.2.74. to 3.2.2.83., a building classified as Group F, Division 3 shall conform to Sentence (2).

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building shall be sprinklered if it is regulated by Subsection 3.2.6.,

(b) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, except that floor assemblies are permitted to be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h in a storage garage with all storeys constructed as open-air storeys,

(c) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less 1 h,

(d) if the building is not sprinklered, roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(e) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.74. Group F, Division 3, up to 6 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.74.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(c) roof assemblies shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

Table 3.2.2.74.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 3, up to 6 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.74.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	not limited	not limited	not limited
2	7 200	9 000	10 800
3	4 800	6 000	7 200
4	3 600	4 500	5 400
5	2 880	3 600	4 320
6	2 400	3 000	3 600

3.2.2.75. Group F, Division 3, up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area,

(i) that is not limited if the building is not more than 1 storey in building height,

(ii) not more than 21 600 m² if 2 storeys in building height,

(iii) not more than 14 400 m² if 3 storeys in building height,

(iv) not more than 10 800 m² if 4 storeys in building height,

(v) not more than 8 640 m² if 5 storeys in building height, or

(vi) not more than 7 200 m² if 6 storeys in building height.

(2) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.2.16., the building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h,

(b) mezzanines shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the supported assembly.

3.2.2.76. Group F, Division 3, up to 4 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.76.

Table 3.2.2.76.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 3, up to 4 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.76.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	4 800	6 000	7 200
2	2 400	3 000	3 600
3	1 600	2 000	2 400
4	1 200	1 500	1 800

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(c) roof assemblies shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, except that in a building not more than 1 storey in building height, the fire-resistance rating is permitted to be waived provided the roof assembly is constructed as a fire-retardant treated wood roof system conforming to Article 3.1.14.1., and the building area is not more than,

(i) 2 400 m² if facing 1 street,

(ii) 3 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 3 600 m² if facing 3 streets, and

(d) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.77. Group F, Division 3, up to 4 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 4 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 14 400 m² if 1 storey in building height,

(ii) 7 200 m² if 2 storeys in building height,

(iii) 4 800 m² if 3 storeys in building height, or

(iv) 3 600 m² if 4 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) mezzanines shall have, if of combustible construction, a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, and

(c) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.78. Group F, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(b) it has a building area not more than the value in Table 3.2.2.78.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

Table 3.2.2.78.
Maximum Building Area, Group F, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys

Forming Part of Sentence 3.2.2.78.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
No. of Storeys	Maximum Area, m2
	Facing 1 Street	Facing 2 Streets	Facing 3 Streets
1	1 600	2 000	2 400
2	800	1 000	1 200

3.2.2.79. Group F, Division 3, up to 2 Storeys, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 2 storeys in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than,

(i) 7 200 m² if 1 storey in building height, or

(ii) 2 400 m² if 2 storeys in building height.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) is permitted to be of combustible construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination, and,

(a) floor assemblies shall be fire separations and, if of combustible construction, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min,

(b) loadbearing walls, columns and arches supporting an assembly required to have a fire-resistance rating shall,

(i) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(ii) be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.80. Group F, Division 3, One Storey

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to be of heavy timber construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination provided,

(a) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) it has a building area is not more than,

(i) 5 600 m² if facing 1 street,

(ii) 7 000 m² if facing 2 streets, or

(iii) 8 400 m² if facing 3 streets.

3.2.2.81. Group F, Division 3, One Storey, Sprinklered

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to be of heavy timber construction or noncombustible construction used singly or in combination provided,

(a) except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.2.7.(1), the building is sprinklered,

(b) it is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(c) it has a building area not more than 16 800 m².

3.2.2.82. Group F, Division 3, One Storey, Any Area, Low Fire Load Occupancy

(1) A building classified as Group F, Division 3 is permitted to conform to Sentence (2) provided it is,

(a) not more than 1 storey in building height,

(b) used solely for low fire load occupancies such as,

(i) power generating plants, or

(ii) plants for the manufacture or storage of noncombustible materials, and

(c) not limited in building area.

(2) The building referred to in Sentence (1) shall be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.2.83. Group F, Division 3, Storage Garages up to 22 m High

(1) A building used as a storage garage with all storeys constructed as open-air storeys and having no other occupancy above it is permitted to have its floor, wall, ceiling and roof assemblies constructed without a fire-resistance rating provided it is,

(a) of noncombustible construction,

(b) not more than 22 m high, measured between grade and the ceiling level of the top storey,

(c) not more than 10 000 m² in building area, and

(d) designed so that every portion of each floor area is within 60 m of an exterior wall opening.

3.2.3. Spatial Separation and Exposure Protection

3.2.3.1. Limiting Distance and Area of Unprotected Openings

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.3.10. to 3.2.3.12., the area of unprotected openings in an exposing building face for the applicable limiting distance shall be not more than the value determined in accordance with,

(a) Table 3.2.3.1.A. or Table 3.2.3.1.B. for an exposing building face conforming to Article 3.2.3.2. of a building or fire compartment that is not sprinklered, or

(b) Table 3.2.3.1.C. or Table 3.2.3.1.D. for an exposing building face conforming to Article 3.2.3.2. of a sprinklered fire compartment that is part of a building that is sprinklered in conformance with Section 3.2.

(2) The area of the unprotected openings in an exposing building face shall be the aggregate area of unprotected openings expressed as a percentage of the area of the exposing building face in Table 3.2.3.1.A., Table 3.2.3.1.B., Table 3.2.3.1.C. or Table 3.2.3.1.D.

(3) For the purpose of determining the type of construction and cladding and the fire-resistance rating of an exterior wall,

(a) the exposing building face shall be taken as the projection of the exterior wall onto a vertical plane located so that no portion of the exterior wall of the building or of a fire compartment, if the fire compartment complies with the requirements of Article 3.2.3.2., is between the vertical plane and the line to which the limiting distance is measured, and

(b) the area of unprotected openings shall be determined from Table 3.2.3.1.A., Table 3.2.3.1.B., Table 3.2.3.1.C. or Table 3.2.3.1.D.

(4) For the purpose of determining the actual percentage of unprotected openings permitted in an exterior wall, the location of the exposing building face is permitted to be taken at a vertical plane located so that there are no unprotected openings between the vertical plane and the line to which the limiting distance is measured.

(5) If a building has any storey that is not sprinklered and fire fighting facilities cannot reach it within 10 min of the alarm being received, the required limiting distance shall be doubled.

(6) If the surface temperature on the unexposed surface of a wall assembly exceeds the temperature limit of a standard fire test as permitted by Article 3.1.7.2., an allowance shall be made for the radiation from the hot unexposed wall surface by adding an equivalent area of unprotected opening to the area of actual openings as follows:

A_C = A + (A_F × F_EO)

where,

A_C = corrected area of unprotected openings including actual and equivalent openings,

A = actual area of unprotected openings,

A_F = area of exterior surface of the exposing building face, exclusive of openings, on which the temperature limit of the standard test is exceeded, and

F_EO = an equivalent opening factor derived from the following expression:

F_EO =

where,

T_u = average temperature in degrees Celsius of the unexposed wall surface at the time the required fire-resistance rating is reached under test conditions,

T_e = 892°C for a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, 927°C for a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and 1 010°C for a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h.

(7) Unless a closure used to protect an opening in an exposing building face has a protective performance equivalent to that required for the wall assembly in which it is located, an equivalent area of unprotected opening, determined in accordance with the procedures of Sentence (6) shall be added to the greater of,

(a) the actual area of unprotected openings, or

(b) the corrected area of unprotected openings.

Table 3.2.3.1.A.
Unprotected Opening Limits for a Building or Fire Compartment that is not Sprinklered

Forming Part of Article 3.2.3.1.

	Exposing Building Face		Area of Unprotected Openings for Groups A, C, D, and F, Division 3 Occupancies, %
	Maximum Area, m2	Ratio (L/H or H/L)(1)	Limiting Distance, m
			0	1.2	1.5	2	2.5	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	16	18	20	25	30	35	40	45	50
1.	10	Less than 3:1	0	8	10	18	29	46	91	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	8	12	21	33	50	96	100
		over 10:1	0	11	18	32	48	68	100
2.	15	Less than 3:1	0	7	9	14	22	33	63	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	8	10	17	25	37	67	100
		over 10:1	0	10	15	26	39	53	87	100
3.	20	Less than 3:1	0	7	9	12	18	26	49	81	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	8	10	15	21	30	53	85	100
		over 10:1	0	9	14	23	33	45	72	100
4.	25	Less than 3:1	0	7	8	11	16	23	41	66	98	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	8	9	13	19	26	45	70	100
		over 10:1	0	9	13	21	30	39	62	90	100
5.	30	Less than 3:1	0	7	8	11	15	20	35	56	83	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	9	12	17	23	39	61	88	100
		over 10:1	0	8	12	19	27	36	56	79	100
6.	40	Less than 3:1	0	7	8	10	13	17	28	44	64	89	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	8	11	15	20	32	48	69	93	100
		over 10:1	0	8	11	17	24	31	47	66	88	100
7.	50	Less than 3:1	0	7	8	9	12	15	24	37	53	72	96	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	8	10	14	18	28	41	57	77	100
		over 10:1	0	8	10	15	21	28	41	57	76	97	100
8.	60	Less than 3:1	0	7	8	9	11	14	21	32	45	62	81	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	8	10	13	16	25	36	49	66	85	100
		over 10:1	0	8	10	14	20	25	38	51	67	85	100
9.	80	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	8	10	12	18	26	36	48	62	79	98	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	8	9	11	14	21	29	40	52	67	84	100
		over 10:1	0	8	9	13	17	22	32	44	56	70	86	100
10.	100	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	8	9	11	16	22	30	40	51	65	80	97	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	8	9	11	13	18	25	34	44	56	69	84	100
		over 10:1	0	7	9	12	16	20	29	39	49	61	74	89	100
11.	150	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	8	9	10	13	17	22	29	37	46	56	67	79	93	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	8	10	11	15	20	26	33	41	50	60	71	84	97	100
		over 10:1	0	7	8	11	13	17	24	31	39	48	57	68	79	91	100
12.	250	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	7	8	9	10	13	16	20	25	30	36	43	51	59	68	87	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	8	9	10	12	15	19	24	28	34	40	47	55	63	72	92	100
		over 10:1	0	7	8	9	11	14	19	24	30	36	43	50	57	65	73	82	92	100
13.	350	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	7	8	8	9	11	14	16	20	24	28	33	38	44	50	64	81	99	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	8	9	9	11	13	16	19	23	27	32	37	42	48	55	69	85	100
		over 10:1	0	7	8	9	10	12	16	21	25	30	36	41	47	53	59	66	73	88	100
14.	500	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	7	7	8	9	10	12	14	16	19	22	25	29	33	37	47	59	71	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	7	8	8	10	12	14	16	19	22	25	29	33	37	41	52	63	76	100
		over 10:1	0	7	7	8	9	11	14	18	22	25	30	34	38	43	48	53	58	70	82	96	100
15.	1 000	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	7	7	7	8	9	9	10	12	13	14	16	18	20	22	27	33	39	58	82	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	7	7	8	9	10	11	12	14	15	17	19	21	23	26	31	37	43	63	86	100
		over 10:1	0	7	7	8	8	9	11	13	16	19	21	24	27	30	33	36	39	46	53	60	82	100
16.	2 000	Less than 3:1	0	7	7	7	7	7	7	8	8	9	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	17	20	23	33	44	58	74	93	100
		3:1 to 10:1	0	7	7	7	7	7	8	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	20	23	27	37	49	63	79	97	100
		over 10:1	0	7	7	7	8	8	9	11	12	14	16	18	19	21	23	25	27	32	36	40	53	66	82	99	100

Table 3.2.3.1.B.
Unprotected Opening Limits for a Building or Fire Compartment that is not Sprinklered

Forming Part of Article 3.2.3.1.

Table 3.2.3.1.C.
Unprotected Opening Limits for a Building or Fire Compartment that is Sprinklered

Forming Part of Article 3.2.3.1.

Exposing Building Face	Area of Unprotected Opening for Groups A, B, C, D and F, Division 3, Occupancies, %
Maximum Area, m2	Limiting Distance, m
	0	1.2	1.5	2	2.5	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	0	16	24	42	66	100
15	0	16	20	34	50	74	100
20	0	16	20	30	42	60	100
25	0	16	18	26	38	52	90	100
30	0	14	18	24	34	46	78	100
40	0	14	16	22	30	40	64	96	100
50	0	14	16	20	28	36	56	82	100
60	0	14	16	20	26	32	50	72	98	100
80	0	14	16	18	22	28	42	58	80	100
100	0	14	16	18	22	26	36	50	68	88	100
150 or more	0	14	14	16	20	22	30	40	52	66	82	100

Table 3.2.3.1.D.
Unprotected Opening Limits for a Building or Fire Compartment that is Sprinklered

Forming Part of Article 3.2.3.1.

Exposing Building Face	Area of Unprotected Opening for Groups E and F, Division 1 and 2, Occupancies, %
Maximum Area, m2	Limiting Distance, m
	0	1.2	1.5	2	2.5	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
10	0	8	12	20	34	50	96	100
15	0	8	10	16	26	36	68	100
20	0	8	10	14	22	30	54	86	100
25	0	8	10	14	18	26	44	70	100
30	0	8	8	12	18	24	40	60	88	100
40	0	8	8	12	16	20	32	48	68	94	100
50	0	8	8	10	14	18	28	40	58	76	100
60	0	8	8	10	12	16	24	36	50	66	86	100
80	0	8	8	10	12	14	20	30	40	52	66	84	100
100	0	8	8	8	10	12	18	26	34	44	56	70	84	100
150	0	8	8	8	10	12	16	20	26	32	40	50	60	72	84	98	100
200 or more	0	8	8	8	8	10	14	18	22	28	34	42	50	60	68	80	92	100

(8) The required limiting distance for an exposing building face is permitted to be measured to a point beyond the property line that is not the centre line of a street, lane or public thoroughfare if,

(a) the owners of the properties on which the limiting distance is measured and the municipality enter into an agreement in which such owners agree that,

(i) each owner covenants that, for the benefit of land owned by the other covenantors, the owner will not construct a building on his or her property unless the limiting distance for exposing building faces in respect of the proposed construction is measured in accordance with the agreement,

(ii) the covenants contained in the agreement are intended to run with the lands, and the agreement shall be binding on the parties and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns,

(iii) the agreement shall not be amended or deleted from title without the consent of the municipality, and

(iv) they will comply with such other conditions as the municipality considers necessary, including indemnification of the municipality by the other parties, and

(b) the agreement referred to in Clause (a) is registered against the title of the properties to which it applies.

(9) Where an agreement referred to in Sentence (8) is registered against the title of a property, the limiting distance for exposing building faces shall be measured to the point referred to in the agreement.

3.2.3.2. Area of Exposing Building Face

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2), and (3), the area of an exposing building face shall be calculated as the total area of exterior wall facing in one direction on any side of a building measured from the finished ground level to the uppermost ceiling.

(2) If a building is divided by fire separations into fire compartments, the area of exposing building face is permitted to be calculated for each fire compartment provided the fire separations have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min.

(3) In a building that contains an interconnected floor space, the area of the exposing building face for the interconnected floor space is permitted to be determined by considering each storey as a separate fire compartment notwithstanding openings through the floor assemblies.

3.2.3.3. Wall Enclosing Attic or Roof Space

(1) An exterior wall enclosing an attic or roof space and located above an exposing building face, shall be constructed in conformance with the requirements for the exposing building face.

3.2.3.4. Reserved

3.2.3.5. Wall with Limiting Distance Less Than 1.2 m

(1) Openings in a wall that has a limiting distance less than 1.2 m shall be protected by closures whose fire-protection rating is in conformance with the fire-resistance rating required for the wall.

(2) Wired glass or glass block shall not be used for a closure referred to in Sentence (1).

3.2.3.6. Combustible Projections

(1) Except for a building containing one or 2 dwelling units only, combustible projections on the exterior of a wall that could expose an adjacent building to fire spread and are more than 1 000 mm above ground level, including balconies, platforms, canopies, eave projections and stairs, shall not be permitted within,

(a) 1 200 mm of a property line or the centreline of a public way, or

(b) 2 400 mm of a combustible projection on another building on the same property.

3.2.3.7. Construction of Exposing Building Face

(1) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.3.10. and 3.2.3.11, if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.A. or Table 3.2.3.1.C. for a Group A, B, C, D or Group F, Division 3 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings not more than 10% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall be,

(a) of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(b) clad with noncombustible cladding.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (7) and Articles 3.2.3.10. and 3.2.3.11., if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.A. or Table 3.2.3.1.C. for a Group A, B, C, D or Group F, Division 3 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings more than 10% but not more than 25% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall,

(a) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h, and

(b) be clad with noncombustible cladding.

(3) Except as permitted by Articles 3.2.3.10. and 3.2.3.11., if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.A. or Table 3.2.3.1.C. for a Group A, B, C, D or Group F, Division 3 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings more than 25% but less than 100% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min.

(4) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.3.10., if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.B. or Table 3.2.3.1.D. for a Group E, or Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings not more than 10% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall be,

(a) of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, and

(b) clad with noncombustible cladding.

(5) Except as permitted by Sentence (7) and Article 3.2.3.10., if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.B. or Table 3.2.3.1.D. for a Group E, or Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings more than 10% but not more than 25% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall,

(a) have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, and

(b) be clad with noncombustible cladding.

(6) Except as permitted by Article 3.2.3.10., if a limiting distance shown in Table 3.2.3.1.B. or Table 3.2.3.1.D. for a Group E, or Group F, Division 1 or 2 occupancy classification permits an exposing building face to have unprotected openings more than 25% but less than 100% of the exposing building face, the exposing building face shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h.

(7) The requirements of Clauses (2)(b) and (5)(b) are waived for a wall assembly that complies with the requirements of Article 3.1.5.5.

(8) The construction requirements for the exposing building face that are required by Sentences (1) to (6) shall be satisfied before applying the increased opening area permitted by Sentence 3.2.3.12.(1).

3.2.3.8. Protection of Exterior Building Face

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (3) and in addition to the requirements of Sentences 3.2.3.7.(2), (3), (5) and (6), foamed plastic insulation used in an exterior wall of a building more than 3 storeys in building height shall be protected on its exterior surface by,

(a) concrete or masonry not less than 25 mm thick, or

(b) noncombustible material that complies with the criteria for testing and conditions of acceptance of Sentence (2) when tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”.

(2) The criteria for testing and the conditions of acceptance for a wall assembly to satisfy the requirements of Clause (1)(b) are that,

(a) the fire exposed area of the wall assembly shall be not less than 9.3 m² and have no dimension less than 2 750 mm,

(b) the exposed surface will include typical vertical and horizontal joints,

(c) the test shall be continued for not less than 15 min and the standard time/temperature curve of the referenced standard shall be followed,

(d) the noncombustible protective material will remain in place and no through openings will develop that are visible when viewed normal to the face of the material, and

(e) the noncombustible protective material will not disintegrate in a manner that would permit fire to propagate along the surface of the test assembly.

(3) The requirements of Sentence (1) are waived for wall assemblies that comply with the requirements of Article 3.1.5.5.

3.2.3.9. Protection of Structural Members

(1) Structural members, including beams, columns and arches, placed wholly or partly outside an exterior face of a building that are less than 3 m from the property line or centreline of a public thoroughfare shall be protected from exterior fire by fire protection having a fire-resistance rating not less than that required by Articles 3.2.2.20. to 3.2.2.83. for their protection from interior fires, but not less than 1 h.

(2) Structural members of heavy timber construction, including beams, columns and arches, placed wholly or partly outside an exterior face of a building and 3 m or more from the property line or centreline of a public thoroughfare need not be covered with noncombustible cladding.

3.2.3.10. Unlimited Unprotected Openings

(1) An exposing building face of an open-air storey in a storage garage is permitted to have unlimited unprotected openings provided it has a limiting distance not less than 3 m.

(2) The exposing building face of a storey that faces a street and is at the same level as the street is permitted to have unlimited unprotected openings if the limiting distance is not less than 9 m.

3.2.3.11. Low Fire Load, One Storey Building

(1) An exposing building face of a building of low hazard industrial occupancy conforming to Article 3.2.2.82. is permitted to be of noncombustible construction without a fire-resistance rating provided,

(a) it is not a loadbearing wall, and

(b) the limiting distance is not less than 3 m.

3.2.3.12. Area Increase for Unprotected Openings

(1) Except as required by Sentence 3.2.3.7.(8), the maximum area of unprotected openings in any exposing building face or fire compartment of a building that is not sprinklered is permitted to be doubled if the openings are glazed with,

(a) glass block conforming to the requirements of Article 3.1.8.14., or

(b) wired glass assemblies conforming to Supplementary Standard SB-2.

3.2.3.13. Protection of Exit Facilities

(1) Except as required by Sentence (3) and as permitted by Sentence 3.4.4.3.(1), if the plane of an exterior wall of an exit enclosure forms an angle less than 135° with the plane of an exterior wall of the building it serves, and an opening in the exterior wall of the exit enclosure could be exposed to fire from an opening in the exterior wall of the building, the opening in either the exterior wall of the exit or the exterior wall of the building shall be protected in conformance with the requirements of Sentence (4) where the opening in the exterior wall of the building is within 3 m horizontally and,

(a) less than 10 m below an opening in the exterior wall of the exit, or

(b) less than 2 m above an opening in the exterior wall of the exit.

(2) If an unenclosed exterior exit stair or ramp could be exposed to fire from an opening in the exterior wall of the building it serves, the opening in the exterior wall of the building shall be protected in conformance with the requirements of Sentence (4) where the opening in the exterior wall of the building is within 3 m horizontally and,

(a) less than 10 m below the exit stair or ramp, or

(b) less than 5 m above the exit stair or ramp.

(3) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.4.4.3.(1), if an exterior exit door in one fire compartment is within 3 m horizontally of an opening in another fire compartment and the exterior walls of these fire compartments intersect at an exterior angle of less than 135°, the opening shall be protected in conformance with the requirements of Sentence (4).

(4) The opening protection referred to in Sentences (1) to (3) shall consist of,

(a) glass block conforming to the requirements of Article 3.1.8.14.,

(b) a wired glass assembly conforming to Supplementary Standard SB-2, or

(c) a closure conforming to the requirements of Subsection 3.1.8. and Articles 3.2.3.1. and 3.2.3.14.

3.2.3.14. Wall Exposed to Another Wall

(1) Except as required by Sentences (3) and 3.2.3.13.(1) or as permitted by Sentence 3.2.3.19.(4), if an unprotected opening in an exterior wall of a fire compartment is exposed to an unprotected opening in the exterior wall of another fire compartment, and the planes of the 2 walls are parallel or at an angle less than 135°, measured from the exterior of the building, the unprotected openings in the 2 fire compartments shall be separated by a distance not less than D_O,

where,

D_O = 2D – [(θ/90) x D] but in no case less than 1 000 mm, and

D = the greater required limiting distance for the exposing building faces of the 2 fire compartments, and

θ = the angle made by the intersecting planes of the exposing building faces of the 2 fire compartments (in the case where the exterior walls are parallel and face each other, θ = 0°).

(2) The exterior wall of each fire compartment referred to in Sentence (1) within the distance, D_O, shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the interior vertical fire separation between the fire compartment and the remainder of the building.

(3) Sentence (1) does not apply to unprotected openings of fire compartments within a building that is sprinklered, but shall apply to,

(a) unprotected openings of fire compartments on opposite sides of a firewall, and

(b) exposure from unprotected openings of a fire compartment that is not protected by an automatic sprinkler system.

3.2.3.15. Wall Exposed to Adjoining Roof

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence 3.2.3.19.(4), if a wall in a building is exposed to a fire hazard from an adjoining roof of a separate fire compartment that is not sprinklered in the same building, and the exposed wall contains windows within 3 storeys vertically and 5 m horizontally of the roof, the roof shall contain no skylights within 5 m of the exposed wall.

3.2.3.16. Protection of Soffits

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), where a common attic or roof space spans more than 2 suites of residential occupancy or more than 2 patients’ or residents’ sleeping rooms in a Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 occupancy, and the common attic or roof space projects beyond the exterior wall of the building, the portion of any soffit or other surface enclosing the projection that is less than 2 500 mm vertically above a window or door and less than 1 200 mm from either side of the window or door, shall have no openings and shall be protected by,

(a) noncombustible material,

(i) not less than 0.38 mm thick, and

(ii) having a melting point not below 650°C,

(b) not less than 12.7 mm thick gypsum soffit board or gypsum wallboard installed according to CSA A82.31-M, “Gypsum Board Application”,

(c) not less than 11 mm thick plywood,

(d) not less than 12.5 mm thick OSB or waferboard, or

(e) not less than 11 mm thick lumber.

(2) Where an attic or roof space, including its adjoining eave overhangs, is separated by construction conforming to Article 3.1.11.7. into compartments such that the resulting spaces are not common to more than 2 suites of residential occupancy or more than 2 patients’ or residents’ sleeping rooms in a Group B, Division 2 or Division 3 occupancy, the requirements in Sentence (1) do not apply.

(3) If an eave overhang is completely separated from the remainder of the attic or roof space by fire stopping, the requirements of Sentence (1) do not apply.

(4) The protection required by Sentence (1) for projections is permitted to be omitted if,

(a) the fire compartments behind the window and door openings are sprinklered in accordance with Article 3.2.5.13., and

(b) all rooms, including closets and bathrooms, having openings in the wall beneath the soffit are sprinklered, notwithstanding exceptions permitted in the standards referenced in Article 3.2.5.13. for the installation of automatic sprinkler systems.

3.2.3.17. Canopy Protection for Vertically Separated Openings

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), if a storey classified as a Group E or Group F, Division 1 or 2 major occupancy is required to be separated from the storey above by a fire separation,

(a) every opening in the exterior wall of the lower storey that is located vertically below an opening in the storey above shall be separated from the storey above by a canopy projecting not less than 1 000 mm from the face of the building at the intervening floor level, and

(b) the canopy required by Clause (a) shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that required for the floor assembly but need not be more than 1 h, except as required elsewhere in this Subsection.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), the canopy required by Sentence (1) is permitted to be omitted if the exterior wall of the upper storey is recessed not less than 1 000 mm behind the exterior wall containing the opening in the lower storey.

(3) The requirements of Sentences (1) and (2) are permitted to be waived if sprinklers are installed in,

(a) the lower storey referred to in Clause (1)(a), and

(b) the storey immediately above the lower storey.

3.2.3.18. Covered Vehicular Passageway

(1) A covered vehicular passageway designed as a receiving or shipping area shall be separated from every building or part of a building adjoining it by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1.5 h.

(2) A covered vehicular passageway constructed below grade shall be of noncombustible construction.

3.2.3.19. Walkway between Buildings

(1) Except as required by Sentence 3.2.3.20.(2), if buildings are connected by a walkway, each building shall be separated from the walkway by a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), a walkway connected to a building required to be of noncombustible construction shall also be of noncombustible construction.

(3) A walkway connected to a building required to be of noncombustible construction is permitted to be of heavy timber construction provided,

(a) not less than 50% of the area of any enclosing perimeter walls is open to the outdoors, and

(b) the walkway is at ground level.

(4) A walkway of noncombustible construction used only as a pedestrian thoroughfare need not conform to the requirements of Articles 3.2.3.14. and 3.2.3.15.

(5) A walkway between buildings shall be not more than 9 m wide.

3.2.3.20. Underground Walkway

(1) An underground walkway shall not be designed or used for any purpose other than pedestrian travel unless,

(a) the purpose is permitted, and

(b) sprinklers are installed in any space in the walkway containing an occupancy.

(2) Buildings connected by an underground walkway shall be separated from the walkway by a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h.

(3) An underground walkway shall be of noncombustible construction suitable for an underground location.

(4) In an underground walkway,

(a) smoke barrier doors shall be installed at intervals of not more than 100 m, or

(b) the travel distance from the door of an adjacent room or space to the nearest exit shall be not more than one and a half times the least allowable travel distance to an exit for any of the adjacent occupancies as permitted by Sentence 3.4.2.5.(1).

(5) An underground walkway between buildings shall be not more than 9 m wide.

3.2.4. Fire Alarm and Detection Systems

3.2.4.1. Determination of Requirement for a Fire Alarm System

(1) Reserved

(2) Except as permitted by Sentences (3) to (5) and Sentence 3.2.4.2.(4), a fire alarm system shall be installed in a building that contains,

(a) a contained use area,

(b) an impeded egress zone,

(c) more than 3 storeys, including storeys below the first storey,

(d) a total occupant load more than 300, other than in open air seating areas,

(e) an occupant load more than 150 above or below the first storey, other than in open air seating areas,

(f) a school, college, or child care facility, with an occupant load more than 40,

(g) a licensed beverage establishment or a restaurant, with an occupant load more than 150,

(h) a medium hazard industrial occupancy or a low hazard industrial occupancy with an occupant load more than 75 above or below the first storey,

(i) a residential occupancy with sleeping accommodation for more than 10 persons,

(j) a high hazard industrial occupancy with an occupant load more than 25,

(k) an occupant load more than 300 below an open air seating area,

(l) an interconnected floor space required to conform to Articles 3.2.8.3. to 3.2.8.11,

(m) a care and treatment occupancy for more than 10 persons receiving care or treatment, or

(n) a care occupancy for more than 10 persons receiving care.

(3) If each dwelling unit has direct access to an exterior exit facility leading to ground level, a fire alarm system is not required in an apartment building,

(a) in which not more than 4 dwelling units share a common means of egress, or

(b) that is not more than 3 storeys in building height.

(4) A fire alarm system is not required in a hotel 3 storeys or less in building height provided each suite has direct access to an exterior exit facility leading to ground level.

(5) A fire alarm system is not required in a storage garage conforming to Article 3.2.2.83. provided there are no other occupancies in the building.

3.2.4.2. Continuity of Fire Alarm System

(1) If there are openings through a firewall, other than those for piping, tubing, wiring and totally enclosed noncombustible raceways, the requirements in this Subsection shall apply to the floor areas on both sides of the firewall as if they were in the same building.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (4), if a building contains more than one major occupancy and a fire alarm system is required, a single system shall serve all occupancies.

(3) Except as permitted by Sentence (4), if a fire alarm system is required in any portion of a building, it shall be installed throughout the building.

(4) Except as required by Sentence (5), the requirements in this Subsection are permitted to be applied to each portion of a building not more than 3 storeys in building height, in which a vertical fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h separates the portion from the remainder of the building as if it were a separate building, provided there are no openings through the fire separation, other than those for piping, tubing, wiring and totally enclosed noncombustible raceways.

(5) The permission in Sentence (4) to consider separated portions of a building as separate buildings does not apply to service rooms and storage rooms.

3.2.4.3. Types of Fire Alarm Systems

(1) A fire alarm system shall be,

(a) a single stage system in a Group F, Division 1 occupancy,

(b) a 2 stage system in a Group B occupancy other than those described in Clause (c),

(c) a single or 2 stage system in a building 3 storeys or less in building height that contains a Group B, Division 3 occupancy,

(d) a single stage system in elementary and secondary schools, except for a special needs facility, and

(e) a single or 2 stage system in all other cases.

3.2.4.4. Description of Fire Alarm Systems

(1) A single stage fire alarm system shall, upon the operation of any manual pull station or fire detector, cause an alarm signal to sound on all audible signal devices in the system.

(2) A 2 stage fire alarm system shall,

(a) cause an alert signal to sound upon the operation of any manual pull station or fire detector,

(b) except for a Group B, Division 2 occupancy, automatically cause an alarm signal to sound if the alert signal is not acknowledged within 5 min of its initiation,

(c) have each manual pull station equipped so that the use of a key or other similar device causes an alarm signal to sound and continue to sound upon the removal of the key or similar device from the manual pull station, and

(d) in a building containing a hotel,

(i) cause an alarm signal to sound in the initiating fire zone in the hotel, and

(ii) cause an alert signal to sound throughout the hotel and such parts of the building as is necessary to alert hotel staff.

(3) A 2 stage fire alarm system is permitted to be zone coded so that, upon the operation of any manual pull station or fire detector,

(a) a coded alert signal is sounded indicating the zone of alarm initiation,

(b) the coded alert signal is repeated in its entirety no fewer than 4 times, and

(c) a continuous alert signal is sounded upon completion of the coded signals referred to in Clause (b) and Sentence (4).

(4) If a second manual pull station or fire detector is operated in a fire alarm system with zone coding as permitted by Sentence (3), in a zone other than that for which the first alert signal was sounded, the coded alert signal for the first zone shall be completed before the coded alert signal for the second zone is repeated no fewer than 4 times.

3.2.4.5. Installation and Verification of Fire Alarm Systems

(1) Fire alarm systems, including those with voice communication capability, shall be installed in conformance with CAN/ULC-S524, “Installation of Fire Alarm Systems”.

(2) A fire alarm system shall be verified in conformance with CAN/ULC-S537, “Verification of Fire Alarm Systems”, to ensure satisfactory operation.

3.2.4.6. Silencing of Alarm Signals

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), a fire alarm system shall be designed so that when an alarm signal is actuated, it cannot be silenced automatically before a period of time has elapsed that is not less than,

(a) 5 min for a building not required to be equipped with an annunciator, and

(b) 20 min for any other building.

(2) Except as permitted by Sentences 3.2.4.19.(9), and 3.2.4.22.(2) and (3), a fire alarm system shall not incorporate manual silencing switches other than those installed inside the fire alarm control unit.

(3) Except as provided in Clause 3.2.4.22.(3)(a), in a care and treatment occupancy an alert signal is permitted to be silenced automatically after 1 min.

3.2.4.7. Signals to Fire Department

(1) If a fire alarm system is required to be installed and a single stage system is provided, the system shall be designed to notify the fire department in conformance with Sentence (4) that an alarm signal has been initiated in,

(a) a Group A occupancy having an occupant load more than 300,

(b) a Group B occupancy,

(c) a Group F, Division 1 occupancy,

(d) a building regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6., or

(e) a building containing interconnected floor space required to conform to Articles 3.2.8.3. to 3.2.8.11.

(2) A fire alarm system that includes waterflow indicating devices shall be designed to notify the fire department, in conformance with Sentence (4), that an alarm has been initiated.

(3) If a fire alarm system is required to be installed and a 2 stage system is provided, the system shall be designed to notify the fire department, in conformance with Sentence (4), that an alert signal has been initiated.

(4) Notification of the fire department required by Sentences (1) to (3) shall be by way of,

(a) signals to a central station conforming to CAN/ULC-S561, “Installation and Services for Fire Signal Receiving Centres and Systems”, or

(b) the municipal fire alarm system.

(5) Where a single stage fire alarm system is installed in a building that is not sprinklered, and Sentence (1) does not apply, a legible notice, that is not easily removed, shall be affixed to the wall near each manual pull station stating,

(a) that the fire department is to be notified in the event of a fire emergency, and

(b) the emergency telephone number for the municipality or the telephone number of the fire department.

3.2.4.8. Annunciator and Zone Indication

(1) Except as permitted in Sentences (3) to (5), an annunciator shall be installed in close proximity to a building entrance that faces a street or an access route for fire department vehicles that complies with Sentence 3.2.5.5.(1).

(2) Except as permitted by Sentence (6), the annunciator required by Sentence (1) shall have separate zone indication of the actuation of the alarm initiating devices in each,

(a) floor area so that in a building that is not sprinklered, the area of coverage for each zone is neither more than,

(i) one storey, nor

(ii) 2 000 m²,

(b) floor area so that in a building that is sprinklered, the area of coverage for each zone is neither more than,

(i) one storey, nor

(ii) the system area limits as specified in NFPA 13, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems”,

(c) shaft required to be equipped with smoke detectors,

(d) air handling system required to be equipped with smoke detectors,

(e) contained use area,

(f) impeded egress zone,

(g) fire compartment required in Sentence 3.3.3.5.(2), and

(h) fire compartment required to be separated by vertical fire separations having a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 h, other than dwelling units described in Subsection 3.3.4.

(3) An annunciator need not be provided for a fire alarm system if not more than one zone indicator is required in Sentence (2).

(4) If an annunciator is not installed as part of a fire alarm system in conformance with Sentence (1), a visual and audible trouble signal device shall be provided inside the main entrance of the building.

(5) The requirements in Sentence (1) are waived in a building,

(a) Reserved

(b) that has an aggregate area for all storeys of not more than 2 000 m², and

(c) that is not more than 3 storeys in building height.

(6) The area limits of Clause (2)(a) are waived for an interior undivided open space used as an arena, a rink or a swimming pool provided that other spaces in the building that are separated from the open space are individually zoned in accordance with the requirements of Sentence (2).

(7) A fire alarm control unit installed in close proximity to a building entrance that faces a street or an access route for fire department vehicles that complies with Sentence 3.2.5.5.(1), is deemed to satisfy the requirement for an annunciator provided all indicators required for an annunciator or trouble signal device are included on the control unit.

(8) In a building containing a hotel in which a trouble signal sounding device has a silencing switch, a trouble light shall be installed in,

(a) the main reception area serving the hotel, or

(b) another continually-supervised location.

(9) In a nursing home, a remote audiovisual fire alarm trouble signal shall be located at the main nursing station.

3.2.4.9. Electrical Supervision

(1) Electrical supervision shall be provided for a fire alarm system.

(2) If a fire alarm system is installed in a building, an automatic sprinkler system shall be electrically supervised to indicate a supervisory signal on the building fire alarm system annunciator for each of the following,

(a) movement of a valve handle that controls the supply of water to sprinklers,

(b) loss of excess water pressure required to prevent false alarms in a wet pipe system,

(c) loss of air pressure in a dry pipe system,

(d) loss of air pressure in a pressure tank,

(e) a significant change in water level in any water storage container used for fire fighting purposes,

(f) loss of power to any automatically starting fire pump, and

(g) a temperature approaching the freezing point in any dry pipe valve enclosure or water storage container used for fire fighting purposes.

Note: On April 1, 2010, Article 3.2.4.9. is amended by adding the following Sentence:

(3) In a building regulated by the provisions of Subsection 3.2.6., the indication of a supervisory signal in accordance with Sentence (2) shall be transmitted to a proprietary control centre or to an independent central station.

See: O. Reg. 205/08, ss. 6, 15.

3.2.4.10. Fire Detectors

(1) Fire detectors required by this Article shall be connected to the fire alarm system.

(2) Except as provided in Article 3.2.4.15., if a fire alarm system is required, fire detectors shall be installed in,

(a) storage rooms not within dwelling units,

(b) service rooms not within dwelling units,

(c) janitors’ rooms,

(d) rooms in which hazardous substances are to be used or stored,

(e) elevator and dumbwaiter shafts,

(f) a laundry room in a building of residential occupancy, but not one within a dwelling unit, and

(g) hazardous classrooms and change rooms in elementary and secondary schools.

3.2.4.11. Smoke and Heat Detectors

(1) If a fire alarm system is required, smoke detectors shall be installed in,

(a) each sleeping room and each corridor serving as part of a means of egress from sleeping rooms in portions of a building classified as Group B major occupancy,

(b) each room in a contained use area and corridors serving those rooms,

(c) each corridor in portions of a building classified as Group A, Division 1 major occupancy,

(d) each public corridor in portions of a building classified as Group C major occupancy,

(e) each exit stair shaft, and

(f) Reserved

(g) each corridor serving classrooms in elementary and secondary schools.

(2) Except as provided in Article 3.2.4.15, if a fire alarm system is required, heat detectors shall be installed in,

(a) every room in portions of buildings classified as Group A, Division 1,

(b) except in a hotel, in every suite, and every room not located within a suite, in portions of buildings classified as Group C major occupancy and more than 3 storeys in building height, and

(c) in a floor area containing a hotel, in every room in a suite and in every room not located in a suite other than washrooms within a suite, saunas, refrigerated areas and swimming pools.

(3) Smoke detectors required in sleeping rooms of care or detention occupancy shall upon actuation provide an audible and visible signal to staff serving those rooms so that the room or location containing the smoke detector can be easily identified.

3.2.4.12. Prevention of Smoke Circulation

(1) If a fire alarm system is installed, an air handling system shall be designed to prevent the circulation of smoke upon a signal from a duct-type smoke detector if the air handling system,

(a) serves more than one storey,

(b) serves more than one suite in a storey,

(c) serves more than one fire compartment required by Sentence 3.3.3.5.(2), or

(d) is not provided with fire-dampers as permitted by Sentence 3.1.8.8.(8).

3.2.4.13. Vacuum Cleaning System Shutdown

(1) A central vacuum cleaning system in a building equipped with a fire alarm system shall be designed to shut down upon actuation of the fire alarm system.

3.2.4.14. Elevator Emergency Return

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), in a building having elevators that serve storeys above the first storey and that are equipped with an automatic emergency recall feature, smoke detectors shall be installed in the elevator lobbies on the recall level so that when these smoke detectors are actuated, the elevators will automatically return directly to an alternate floor level.

(2) Smoke detectors required by Sentence (1) shall be designed as part of the building fire alarm system.

(3) The alternate floor recall feature required by Sentence (1) is not required if the floor area containing the recall level is sprinklered.

3.2.4.15. Sprinklers in Lieu of Fire Detectors

(1) Fire detectors required by Article 3.2.4.10. and heat detectors required by Sentence 3.2.4.11.(2) need not be provided within a floor area if the floor area is sprinklered and the sprinkler system is electrically supervised in conformance with Sentence 3.2.4.9.(2).

3.2.4.16. System Monitoring

(1) An automatic sprinkler system shall be equipped with waterflow detecting devices and, if an annunciator is required by Article 3.2.4.8., shall be installed so that each device serves,

(a) not more than one storey, and

(b) an area on each storey that is not more than the system area limits as specified in NFPA 13, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems”.

(2) If a fire alarm system is provided, waterflow indicating devices required by Sentence (1) shall be connected to the fire alarm system so that on actuation an alert signal or an alarm signal is initiated.

3.2.4.17. Manual Pull Stations

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) and (3), if a fire alarm system is installed, a manual pull station shall be installed,

(a) near the principal entrance to the building, and

(b) near every required exit.

(2) In a building that is sprinklered, a manual pull station is not required at an exterior egress doorway from a suite that does not lead to an interior shared means of egress in a hotel not more than 3 storeys in building height, provided each suite is served by an exterior exit facility leading directly to ground level.

(3) In a building that is sprinklered, a manual pull station is not required at an exterior egress doorway from a dwelling unit that does not lead to an interior shared means of egress in a building not more than 3 storeys in building height containing only dwelling units, provided each dwelling unit is served by an exterior exit facility leading directly to ground level.

(4) In a building referred to in Sentence (2) or (3), manual pull stations shall be installed near doorways leading from shared interior corridors to the exterior.

(5) In a building containing a hotel, a manual pull station shall be installed in the main reception area serving the hotel.

(6) Except as permitted by Sentence (3), in Group C apartment buildings, if a pull station is not installed on a floor area in accordance with Sentence (1) or (4),

(a) a manual pull station shall be installed in every dwelling unit in the floor area near each egress door leading from the dwelling unit,

(b) smoke detectors shall be installed in the floor area in public corridors and stairwells, and

(c) fire detectors shall be installed in the floor area in all common public areas and in rooms not located within dwelling units.

(7) In floor areas where the manual pull stations are located in dwelling units, a legible sign stating FIRE ALARM PULL STATIONS LOCATED IN APARTMENT UNITS shall be posted near every exit in a public corridor.

(8) Key switch activated pull stations are permitted in an impeded egress zone and a contained use area in Group B, Division 1 and Division 2 occupancies.

3.2.4.18. Alert and Alarm Signals

(1) In a 2 stage fire alarm system described in Sentence 3.2.4.4.(2), the same audible signal devices are permitted to be used to sound the alert signals and the alarm signals.

(2) If audible signal devices with voice reproduction capabilities are intended for paging and similar voice message use, other than during a fire emergency, they shall be installed so that alert signals and alarm signals take priority over all other signals.

(3) Audible signal devices forming part of a fire alarm or voice communication system shall not be used for playing music or background noise.

(4) Except as permitted in Sentence (6), visual signal devices shall be installed in addition to audible signal devices,

(a) in a building or portion of it intended for use primarily by persons with hearing impairment,

(b) in a public corridor serving a Group A, B, D or E occupancy,

(c) in a corridor used by the public and in a floor area or part of it where the public may congregate in Group A occupancy, and

(d) in not less than 10% of the suites of a hotel or motel.

(5) Visual signal devices are permitted to be installed in lieu of audible signal devices in the compartments referred to in Article 3.3.3.6.

(6) Visual signal devices required by Clauses (4)(b) and (c) are not required in,

(a) a classroom, and

(b) a Group B, Division 3 occupancy that contains sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons and not more than 6 occupants require assistance in evacuation in case of an emergency.

3.2.4.19. Audibility of Alarm Systems

(1) Except as permitted in Sentence 3.2.4.18.(5), audible signal devices forming part of a fire alarm system shall be installed in a building so that alert signals and alarm signals are clearly audible throughout the floor area in which they are installed.

(2) The sound pattern of an alarm signal shall conform to the temporal pattern defined in Clause 4.2 of International Standard ISO 8201, “Acoustics — Audible Emergency Evacuation Signal”.

(3) The sound patterns of alert signals shall be significantly different from the temporal patterns of alarm signals.

(4) In all normally occupied spaces, the fire alarm signal sound pressure level,

(a) shall be not more than 100 dBA when measured at a distance of 3 m from the device, or

(b) is permitted to be more than 100 dBA provided the sound pressure level measured 2 000 mm above floor level is not more than 100 dBA.

(5) The sound pressure level in a sleeping room from a fire alarm audible signal device shall be not less than 75 dBA in a building of residential occupancy when any intervening doors between the device and the sleeping room are closed.

(6) Except as required by Sentence (5), the sound pressure level from a fire alarm audible signal device in a floor area shall be not less than 10 dBA above the ambient noise level, but with a minimum value not less than 65 dBA.

(7) Fire alarm audible signal devices shall be supplemented by visual signal devices in any floor area in which,

(a) the ambient noise level is more than 87 dBA, or

(b) the occupants of the floor area,

(i) use ear protective devices,

(ii) are located within an audiometric booth, or

(iii) are located within sound insulated enclosures.

(8) Sentence (7) shall also apply in an assembly occupancy in which music and other sounds associated with performances could exceed 100 dBA.

(9) Except as permitted by Sentence (13), an audible signal device located within a dwelling unit shall incorporate a means that enables the device to be silenced for a period of not more than 10 min, after which the device shall restore to normal operation.

(10) Audible signal devices within a dwelling unit or a suite of residential occupancy shall be connected to the fire alarm system,

(a) in a manner such that a single open circuit at one device will not impair the operation of other audible signal devices on the same circuit that serve the other dwelling units or suites of residential occupancy, or

(b) on separate signal circuits that are not connected to the devices in any other dwelling unit, public corridor, or suites of residential occupancy.

(11) In a building or part of it classified as a residential occupancy,

(a) separate circuits shall be provided for audible signal devices on each floor area, and

(b) audible signal devices within dwelling units or suites of residential occupancy shall be wired on separate signal circuits from those not within suites of residential occupancy or dwelling units.

(12) Audible signal devices shall be installed in a service space referred to in Sentence 3.2.1.1.(9) and shall be connected to the fire alarm system.

(13) Audible signal devices, within dwelling units that are wired on separate signal circuits, need not include a means for silencing as required by Sentence (9) provided the fire alarm system includes a provision for the automatic signal silence within dwelling units, where,

(a) the automatic signal silence cannot occur within the first 60 s of operation or within the zone of initiation,

(b) a subsequent alarm elsewhere in the building will reactuate the silenced audible signal devices within dwelling units,

(c) after a period of not more than 10 min, the silenced audible signal devices will be restored to continuous audible signal if the alarm is not acknowledged, and

(d) the voice communication system referred to in Article 3.2.4.22. has a provision to override the automatic signal to allow the transmission of voice messages through silenced audible signal device circuits that serve the dwelling units.

(14) If a 2 stage fire alarm system has been installed with an automatic signal silence as described in Sentence (13), the system shall be designed so that any silenced audible signal devices serving dwelling units are reactuated whenever an alarm signal is required to be transmitted as part of the second stage.

3.2.4.20. Visual Signals

(1) Visual signal devices required by Sentences 3.2.4.18.(4) and 3.2.4.19.(7) and (8) shall be installed so that the signal from at least one device is visible throughout the floor area or portion of it in which they are installed.

(2) Visual signal devices permitted by Sentence 3.2.4.18.(5) shall be installed so that the signal from at least one device is visible throughout the compartment in which they are installed.

3.2.4.21. Smoke Alarms

(1) Smoke alarms conforming to CAN/ULC-S531, “Smoke Alarms”, shall be installed in each dwelling unit and, except for care or detention occupancies required to have a fire alarm system, in each sleeping room not within a dwelling unit.

(2) At least one smoke alarm shall be installed on each storey and mezzanine of a dwelling unit.

(3) On any storey of a dwelling unit containing sleeping rooms, a smoke alarm shall be installed in a location between the sleeping rooms and the remainder of the storey, and if the sleeping rooms are served by a hallway, the smoke alarm shall be located in the hallway.

(4) A smoke alarm shall be installed on or near the ceiling.

(5) A smoke alarm shall be installed with permanent connections to an electrical circuit and shall have no disconnect switches between the overcurrent device and the smoke alarm.

(6) If more than one smoke alarm is required in a dwelling unit, the smoke alarms shall be wired so that the actuation of one smoke alarm will cause all smoke alarms within the dwelling unit to sound.

(7) A smoke alarm required by Sentence (1) shall be installed in conformance with CAN/ULC-S553, “Installation of Smoke Alarms”.

(8) A manually operated device is permitted to be incorporated within the circuitry of a smoke alarm installed in a dwelling unit so that it will silence the signal emitted by the smoke alarm for a period of not more than 10 min, after which the smoke alarm will reset and again sound the alarm if the level of smoke in the vicinity is sufficient to reactuate the smoke alarm.

(9) The sound patterns of smoke alarms shall be significantly different from the temporal patterns of alarm signals.

3.2.4.22. Voice Communication Systems

(1) A voice communication system required by Subsection 3.2.6. or Clause 3.3.2.4.(14)(f) shall consist of,

(a) a 2-way communication system in each floor area, with connections to the central alarm and control facility and to the mechanical control centre, and

(b) loudspeakers operated from the central alarm and control facility that are designed and located so as to be audible and the messages intelligible in all parts of the building, except that this requirement does not apply to elevator cars.

(2) The voice communication system referred to in Sentence (1) shall include a means to silence the alarm signal in a single stage fire alarm system while voice messages are being transmitted, but only after the alarm signal has initially sounded for not less than 30 s.

(3) The voice communication system referred to in Sentence (1) shall include a means to silence the alert signal and the alarm signal in a 2 stage fire alarm system while voice messages are being transmitted, but only after the alert signal has initially sounded for not less than,

(a) 10 s in hospitals that have supervisory personnel on duty for twenty-four hours each day, or

(b) 30 s for all other occupancies.

(4) The voice communication system referred to in Clause (1)(b) shall be designed so that the alarm signal can be selectively transmitted to any zone or zones while maintaining an alert signal or selectively transmitting voice messages to any other zone or zones in the building.

(5) The 2-way communication system referred to in Clause (1)(a) shall be installed so that emergency telephones are located in each floor area near exit stair shafts.

3.2.5. Provisions for Fire Fighting

3.2.5.1. Access to Above Grade Storeys

(1) Except for storeys below the first storey, direct access for fire fighting shall be provided from the outdoors to every storey that is not sprinklered and whose floor level is less than 25 m above grade, by at least one unobstructed window or access panel for each 15 m of wall in each wall required to face a street by Subsection 3.2.2.

(2) An opening for access required by Sentence (1) shall,

(a) have a sill no higher than 1070 mm above the inside floor, and

(b) be not less than 1 100 mm high by not less than,

(i) 550 mm wide for a building not designed for the storage or use of dangerous goods, or

(ii) 750 mm wide for a building designed for the storage or use of dangerous goods.

(3) Access panels above the first storey shall be readily openable from both inside and outside, or the opening shall be glazed with plain glass.

3.2.5.2. Access to Basements

(1) Direct access from at least one street shall be provided from the outdoors to each basement,

(a) that is not sprinklered, and

(b) that has horizontal dimension more than 25 m.

(2) The access required by Sentence (1) is permitted to be provided by,

(a) doors, windows or other means that provide an opening not less than 1 100 mm high and 550 mm wide, with a sill no higher than 900 mm above the inside floor, or

(b) an interior stairway immediately accessible from the outdoors.

3.2.5.3. Roof Access

(1) On a building more than 3 storeys in building height where the slope of the roof is less than 1 in 4, all main roof areas shall be provided with direct access from the floor areas immediately below, either by,

(a) a stairway, or

(b) a hatch not less than 550 mm by 900 mm with a fixed ladder.

(2) Clearance and access around roof signs or other obstructions shall provide,

(a) a passage not less than 900 mm wide by 1 800 mm high, clear of all obstructions except for necessary horizontal supports not more than 600 mm above the roof surface,

(i) around every roof sign, and

(ii) through every roof sign at locations not more than 15 m apart, and

(b) a clearance of not less than 1 200 mm between any portion of a roof sign and any opening in the exterior wall face or roof of the building in which it is erected.

3.2.5.4. Access Routes

(1) A building that is more than 3 storeys in building height or more than 600 m² in building area shall be provided with access routes for fire department vehicles,

(a) to the building face having a principal entrance, and

(b) to each building face having access openings for fire fighting as required by Articles 3.2.5.1. and 3.2.5.2.

3.2.5.5. Location of Access Routes

(1) Access routes required by Article 3.2.5.4. shall be located so that the principal entrance and every access opening required by Articles 3.2.5.1. and 3.2.5.2. are located not less than 3 m and not more than 15 m from the closest portion of the access route required for fire department use, measured horizontally from the face of the building.

(2) Access routes shall be provided to a building so that,

(a) for a building provided with a fire department connection, a fire department pumper vehicle can be located adjacent to the hydrants referred to in Article 3.2.5.16.,

(b) for a building not provided with a fire department connection, a fire department pumper vehicle can be located so that the length of the access route from a hydrant to the vehicle plus the unobstructed path of travel for the fire fighter from the vehicle to the building is not more than 90 m, and

(c) the unobstructed path of travel for the fire fighter from the vehicle to the building is not more than 45 m.

(3) The unobstructed path of travel for the fire fighter required by Sentence (2) from the vehicle to the building shall be measured from the vehicle to the fire department connection provided for the building, except that if no fire department connection is provided, the path of travel shall be measured to the principal entrance of the building.

(4) If a portion of a building is completely cut off from the remainder of the building so that there is no access to the remainder of the building, the access routes required by Sentence (2) shall be located so that the unobstructed path of travel from the vehicle to one entrance of each portion of the building is not more than 45 m.

3.2.5.6. Access Route Design

(1) A portion of a roadway or yard provided as a required access route for fire department use shall,

(a) have a clear width not less than 6 m, unless it can be shown that lesser widths are satisfactory,

(b) have a centreline radius not less than 12 m,

(c) have an overhead clearance not less than 5 m,

(d) have a change of gradient not more than 1 in 12.5 over a minimum distance of 15 m,

(e) be designed to support the expected loads imposed by fire fighting equipment and be surfaced with concrete, asphalt or other material designed to permit accessibility under all climatic conditions,

(f) have turnaround facilities for any dead-end portion of the access route more than 90 m long, and

(g) be connected with a public thoroughfare.

3.2.5.7. Water Supply

(1) An adequate water supply for fire fighting shall be provided for every building.

(2) Hydrants shall be located within 90 m horizontally of any portion of a building perimeter that is required to face a street in Subsection 3.2.2.

3.2.5.8. Reserved

3.2.5.9. Reserved

3.2.5.10. Reserved

3.2.5.11. Reserved

3.2.5.12. Reserved

3.2.5.13. Automatic Sprinkler Systems

(1) Except as permitted by Sentences (2) to (4), an automatic sprinkler system shall be designed, constructed, installed and tested in conformance with NFPA 13, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems”.

(2) Instead of the requirements of Sentence (1), NFPA 13R, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in Height”, is permitted to be used for the design, construction, installation and testing of an automatic sprinkler system installed in a building,

(a) of residential occupancy that is not more than 4 storeys in building height, or

(b) of Group B, Division 3 occupancy that contains sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons and not more than 6 occupants require assistance in evacuation in case of an emergency.

(3) Instead of the requirements of Sentence (1), NFPA 13D, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Mobile Homes”, is permitted to be used for the design, construction, installation and testing of an automatic sprinkler system installed in a building of residential occupancy that contains not more than 2 dwelling units.

(4) If a building contains fewer than 9 sprinklers, the water supply for these sprinklers is permitted to be supplied from the domestic water system for the building provided the required flow for the sprinklers can be met by the domestic system.

(5) If a water supply serves both an automatic sprinkler system and a system serving other equipment, control valves shall be provided so that either system can be shut off independently.

(6) Notwithstanding the requirements of the standards referenced in Sentences (1) and (2) for the installation of automatic sprinkler systems, sprinklers shall not be omitted in any room or closet in the storey immediately below a roof assembly if the fire-resistance rating of the roof assembly is waived as permitted by Article 3.2.2.17.

(7) Fast response sprinklers shall be installed in care or detention occupancies and in sprinklered residential occupancies.

(8) Sprinklers in elevator machine rooms shall have a temperature rating not less than that required for an intermediate temperature classification and shall be protected against physical damage.

3.2.5.14. Combustible Sprinkler Piping

(1) Combustible sprinkler piping shall be used only for wet systems in residential occupancies and other light hazard occupancies.

(2) Combustible sprinkler piping shall meet the requirements of ULC/ORD-199P-M, “Combustible Piping for Sprinkler Systems”.

(3) Except as permitted by Sentence (5), combustible sprinkler piping shall be separated from the area served by the sprinkler system, and from any other fire compartment, by ceilings, walls, or soffits consisting of, as a minimum,

(a) lath and plaster,

(b) gypsum board not less than 9.5 mm thick,

(c) plywood not less than 13 mm thick, or

(d) a suspended membrane ceiling with,

(i) steel suspension grids, and

(ii) lay-in panels or tiles having a mass not less than 1.7 kg/m².

(4) Except as permitted by Sentence (5), combustible sprinkler piping may be located above a ceiling, provided that the distance between the edge of any ceiling opening that is not protected in conformance with Sentence (3) and the nearest sprinkler is not more than 300 mm.

(5) The protection required by Sentences (3) and (4) is permitted to be waived where combustible sprinkler piping has been tested in conformance with ULC/ORD-C199P-M, “Combustible Piping for Sprinkler Systems”, and has been shown to meet the requirements in that document without additional protection.

3.2.5.15. Sprinklered Service Space

(1) An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in a service space referred to in Sentence 3.2.1.1.(9) if flooring for access within the service space is other than catwalks.

(2) The sprinkler system required by Sentence (1) shall be equipped with waterflow detecting devices, with each device serving not more than one storey.

(3) The waterflow detecting devices required by Sentence (2) shall be connected to the fire alarm system, to

(a) initiate an alert signal in a 2 stage system or an alarm signal in a single stage system, and

(b) indicate separately on the fire alarm system annunciator the actuation of each device.

(4) If a building is sprinklered, sprinkler protection need not be provided in the space below a raised floor in a computer room,

(a) if the optical fibre cables and electrical wires and cables in this space conform to the test requirements in Article 3.1.5.21.,

(b) if the building is of noncombustible construction and other combustible components are limited to those permitted in Subsection 3.1.5.,

(c) if this space is used to circulate conditioned air and the air handling system is designed to prevent the circulation of smoke upon a signal from a smoke detector,

(d) if all of this space is easily accessible by providing access sections or panels in the raised floor, and

(e) if the computer room is more than 2 000 m² and the annunciator has separate zone indicators of the actuation of smoke detectors located in this space so that the coverage for each zone is not more than 2 000 m².

(5) Where a room, chute or bin is required to be sprinklered as indicated in Sentence 3.3.4.3.(1), Article 3.6.2.5. and Sentence 3.6.3.3.(6), the sprinklers may be supplied with water from the fire standpipe system provided that,

(a) except for a chute, not more than 8 sprinkler heads are required to protect any room or bin based on a maximum coverage of 12 m² per sprinkler head,

(b) the standpipe riser is,

(i) not less than 6 in. in diameter, or

(ii) hydraulically designed to meet combined water supply as specified in Clause (c),

(c) the water supply for a standpipe system, pumping capability and water storage facility, if required, is increased to supply 95 L/min for each sprinkler head over and above the requirements for the standpipe system up to maximum 760 L/min for sprinklers,

(d) a waterflow detecting device shall be installed in the sprinkler main adjacent to the point of connection to the standpipe riser, and

(e) the activation of each waterflow detecting device in Clause (d) shall be indicated separately on the fire alarm system annunciator.

3.2.5.16. Fire Department Connections

(1) The fire department connection for a standpipe system shall be located so that the distance from the fire department connection to a hydrant is not more than 45 m and is unobstructed.

(2) The fire department connection for an automatic sprinkler system shall be located so that the distance from the fire department connection to a hydrant is not more than 45 m and is unobstructed.

(3) The fire department connections required in Sentences (1) and (2) shall be,

(a) located on the outside of a building adjacent to a street or an access route, not less than 300 mm and not more than 900 mm above ground level, and

(b) provided with two 65 mm hose connections with female swivel hose couplings.

3.2.5.17. Portable Fire Extinguishers

(1) Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in all buildings, except within dwelling units, in conformance with the provisions of Part 6 of the Fire Code made under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997.

(2) In a Group B, Division 1 major occupancy, portable fire extinguishers are permitted to be located in secure areas, or in lockable cabinets provided,

(a) identical keys for all cabinets are located at all supervisory or security stations, or

(b) electrical remote release devices are provided and are connected to an emergency power supply.

3.2.5.18. Protection from Freezing

(1) Equipment forming part of a fire protection system shall be protected from freezing if,

(a) it could be adversely affected by freezing temperatures, and

(b) it is located in an unheated area.

3.2.5.19. Fire Pumps

(1) A fire pump having a rated net head pressure greater than 280 kPa shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 20, “Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection”.

3.2.6. Additional Requirements for High Buildings

3.2.6.1. Application

(1) This Subsection applies to a building,

(a) of Group A, D, E or F major occupancy classification that is more than,

(i) 36 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey, or

(ii) 18 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey, and in which the cumulative or total occupant load on or above any storey above grade, other than the first storey, divided by 1.8 times the width in metres of all exit stairs at that storey, exceeds 300,

(b) containing a Group B major occupancy in which the floor level of the highest storey of that major occupancy is more than 18 m above grade,

(c) containing a floor area or part of a floor area located above the third storey designed or intended as a Group B, Division 2 or 3 occupancy, and

(d) containing a Group C major occupancy whose floor level is more than 18 m above grade.

3.2.6.2. Limits to Smoke Movement

(1) Except as permitted in Sentence 3.2.6.6.(2), a building to which this Subsection applies shall be designed in accordance with Sentences (2) to (4) and Articles 3.2.6.3. to 3.2.6.7. to limit the danger to occupants and fire fighters from exposure to smoke in a building fire.

(2) Except as provided in Articles 3.2.6.4. to 3.2.6.6., a building referred to in Sentence (1), shall be designed so that, during a period of 2 h after the start of a fire, all floor areas that are above the lowest exit storey will not contain more than 1% by volume of contaminated air from the fire floor, assuming an outdoor temperature equal to the January design temperature on a 2.5% basis determined in conformance with Supplementary Standard SB-1.

(3) Except as provided in Articles 3.2.6.4 and 3.2.6.6., a building referred to in Sentence (1), shall be designed so that during a period of 2 h after the start of a fire, the limit described in Sentence (2) on the movement of contaminated air into other floor areas is not exceeded in,

(a) each exit stair serving storeys above the lowest exit level, and

(b) each exit stair serving storeys below the lowest exit level.

(4) Except as provided in Articles 3.2.6.4. and 3.2.6.6., a building referred to in Sentence (1), shall be designed so that during a period of 2 h after the start of a fire, the limit described in Sentence (2) on the movement of contaminated air into other floor areas is not exceeded in a shaft that contains an elevator for use by fire fighters required by Article 3.2.6.9.

3.2.6.3. Areas of Refuge

(1) In a building of Group C major occupancy classification, the requirements of Sentence 3.2.6.2.(2) are waived in buildings where occupants above the first storey can enter and be safely accommodated in floor areas or parts of floor areas that are designated as areas of refuge on the plans and are identified as such in the building.

(2) Except as required in Sentence (3), the areas of refuge referred to in Sentence (1) shall be located on every fifth storey.

(3) The areas of refuge referred to in Sentence (1) shall be located on every storey if the building is more than 75 m high, measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey.

(4) The areas of refuge referred to in Sentence (1) shall,

(a) provide not less than 0.5 m² of floor space per ambulatory occupant and 1.5 m² of floor space per non-ambulatory occupant,

(b) have access corridors and doors leading to each designated part of a floor area on the same storey sufficient to provide 3.67 mm of width for every person who may have to use these passages to reach the designated part of a floor area,

(c) have access stairs from intervening storeys leading to each designated part of a floor area sufficient to provide 5.5 mm of width for every person who may have to use these stairs to reach the designated part of a floor area, and

(d) not contain more than 1% by volume of contaminated air from the fire floor during a period of 2 h after the start of a fire, assuming an outdoor temperature equal to the January design temperature on a 2.5% basis determined in conformance with Supplementary Standard SB-1.

3.2.6.4. Sprinklered Buildings

(1) The requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.2.(2) and (4), and Clause 3.2.6.2.(3)(a) are waived when a building is sprinklered and,

(a) the sprinkler system is equipped with a water flow and supervisory signal system that will,

(i) transmit automatically a waterflow signal directly to the fire department, or through an independent central station,

(ii) transmit automatically other supervisory signals to a proprietary control centre or to an independent central station, and

(iii) actuate a signal at the central alarm and control facility described in Article 3.2.6.12.,

(b) each stairway that serves storeys above the lowest exit level is vented to the outdoors at or near the bottom of the stair shaft,

(c) measures are taken to limit movement of smoke from a fire in a floor area below the lowest exit storey into upper storeys, and

(d) except for exhaust fans in kitchens, washrooms and bathrooms in dwelling units, and except for fans used for smoke venting in Article 3.2.6.10., air moving fans in a system that serves more than 2 storeys shall be designed and installed so that in the event of a fire these fans can be stopped by means of a manually operated switch at the central alarm and control facility.

3.2.6.5. Exception for Lower Buildings

(1) The requirements of Sentence 3.2.6.2.(2) are waived in a building of Group C major occupancy classification where,

(a) the building is not more than 75 m high measured between grade and the floor level of the top storey, and

(b) the number of occupants of storeys above grade is not more than 3.6 times the area in square metres of treads and landings in the exit stairs serving these storeys.

3.2.6.6. Residential Buildings

(1) The requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.2.(2) and (4) and Clause 3.2.6.2.(3)(a) are waived in a building of Group C major occupancy classification,

(a) where each suite above grade has direct access to an exterior balcony that conforms to the requirements of Sentence 3.3.1.7.(7),

(b) where each stairway that serves storeys above the lowest exit level is vented to the outdoors at or near the bottom of the stair shaft,

(c) where measures are taken to limit movement of smoke from a fire in a floor area below the lowest exit storey into upper storeys, and

(d) where, except for exhaust fans in kitchens, washrooms and bathrooms in dwelling units, air moving fans are designed and installed so that in the event of a fire such fans can be stopped by means of a manually operated switch at the central alarm and control facility where the system serves more than 2 storeys.

(2) The requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.2.(2) and (3) are waived in a Group C major occupancy apartment building.

3.2.6.7. Connected Buildings

(1) If a building described in Sentence 3.2.6.1.(1) is connected to any other building, measures shall be taken to limit movement of contaminated air from one building into another during a fire.

3.2.6.8. Emergency Operation of Elevators

(1) Manual emergency recall shall be provided for all elevators serving storeys above the first storey.

(2) Key-operated switches for emergency recall described by Sentence (1) shall be provided in a conspicuous location at,

(a) each elevator lobby on the recall level, and

(b) the central alarm and control facility required in Article 3.2.6.12.

(3) In-car emergency service switches shall be provided in all elevator cars.

(4) Keys to operate the switches required by Sentences (2) and (3) shall be,

(a) provided in a suitably identified box conspicuously located on the outside of an elevator hoistway near the central alarm and control facility required by Article 3.2.6.12., and

(b) at the central alarm and control facility.

(5) Automatic emergency recall operation shall be provided for all elevators serving storeys above the first storey in unsprinklered buildings.

(6) The automatic emergency recall feature in Sentence (5) shall be actuated by,

(a) smoke detectors installed in each elevator lobby on each storey, or

(b) the building fire alarm system.

(7) Smoke detectors in Sentence (6) shall be designed as part of the building fire alarm system.

3.2.6.9. Elevator for Use by Fire Fighters

(1) At least one elevator shall be provided for use by fire fighters in conformance with Sentences (2) to (6).

(2) The elevator referred to in Sentence (1) shall have a usable platform area not less than 2.2 m² and shall be capable of carrying a load of 900 kg to the top floor that it serves from a landing on the storey containing the entrance for fire fighter access referred to in Articles 3.2.5.4. and 3.2.5.5. within 1 min.

(3) Except when Measure K of Supplementary Standard SB-4 is used, each elevator for use by fire fighters shall,

(a) be provided with a closure at each shaft opening so that the interlock mechanism remains mechanically engaged and electrical continuity is maintained in the interlock circuits and associated wiring is operational for a period of not less than 1 h when the assembly is subjected to the standard fire exposure described in CAN4-S104-M, “Fire Tests of Door Assemblies”,

(b) be protected with a vestibule containing no occupancy and separated from the remainder of the floor area by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 45 min, or

(c) be protected with a corridor containing no occupancy and separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating not less than 1 h.

(4) Except as permitted in Sentence (5), an elevator referred to in Sentence (1) shall be capable of providing transportation from the storey containing the entrance for fire fighter access referred to in Articles 3.2.5.4. and 3.2.5.5. to every floor that is above grade in the building and that is normally served by the elevator system.

(5) If it is necessary to change elevators to reach any floor referred to in Sentence (4), the system shall be designed so that not more than one change of elevator is required when travelling to any floor in the building from the storey containing the entrance for fire fighter access referred to in Articles 3.2.5.4. and 3.2.5.5.

(6) Electrical conductors for the operation of the elevator referred to in Sentence (1) shall be,

(a) installed in service spaces conforming to Section 3.6. that do not contain other combustible material, or

(b) protected against exposure to fire from the service entrance of the emergency power supply, or the normal service entrance of the normal power supply, to the equipment served, to ensure operation for a period of 1 h when subjected to the standard fire exposure described in CAN4-S101-M, “Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials”.

3.2.6.10. Venting to Aid Fire Fighting

(1) Means of venting each floor area to the outdoors shall be provided by windows, wall panels or smoke shafts, except that in a sprinklered floor area, the floor area is permitted to be vented by the building exhaust system.

(2) Venting described in Sentence (1) shall conform to the requirements in Supplementary Standard SB-4.

(3) Fixed glass windows shall not be used for the venting required by Sentence (1) if the breaking of the windows could endanger pedestrians below.

(4) Openable windows used for the venting required by Sentence (1) shall be permanently marked so that they are easily identifiable.

(5) Elevator hoistways shall not be designed for the venting required by Sentence (1).

3.2.6.11. Reserved

3.2.6.12. Central Alarm and Control Facility

(1) A central alarm and control facility shall be provided on the storey containing the entrance for fire fighter access referred to in Articles 3.2.5.4. and 3.2.5.5. in a location that,

(a) is readily accessible to fire fighters entering the building, and

(b) takes into account the effect of background noise likely to occur under fire emergency conditions, so that the facility can properly perform its required function under such conditions.

(2) The central alarm and control facility required in Sentence (1) shall include,

(a) means to control the voice communication system required by Article 3.2.6.13., so that messages can be sent to,

(i) all loudspeakers simultaneously

(ii) to individual floor areas, and

(iii) exit stairwells,

(b) means to indicate audibly and visually alert signals and alarm signals and a switch to,

(i) silence the audible portion of these signals, and

(ii) indicate visually that the audible portion has been silenced,

(c) means to indicate visually that elevators are on emergency recall,

(d) an annunciator conforming to Article 3.2.4.8.,

(e) means to transmit alert signals and alarm signals to the fire department in conformance with Article 3.2.4.7.,

(f) means to release hold-open devices on doors to vestibules,

(g) means to manually actuate alarm signals in the building selectively to any zone or zones,

(h) means to silence the alarm signals referred to in Clause (g) in conformance with Sentences 3.2.4.22.(2) and (3),

(i) means, as appropriate to the measure for fire safety provided in the building, to,

(i) actuate auxiliary equipment, or

(ii) communicate with a continually staffed auxiliary equipment control centre,

(j) means to communicate with telephones in elevator cars, separate from connections to fire fighters’ telephones, if elevator cars are required by the Elevating Devices Act to be equipped with a telephone,

(k) means to indicate visually, individual sprinkler system waterflow signals,

(l) means to indicate audibly and visually, sprinkler system supervisory signals,

(m) a switch to silence the audible portion of a supervisory signal, and

(n) visual indication that the audible portion of a supervisory signal has been silenced.

3.2.6.13. Voice Communication System

(1) A voice communication system or systems conforming to Article 3.2.4.22. shall be provided in a building if,

(a) the floor of the top storey, is more than 36 m above grade, or

(b) a floor area or part of a floor area located above the third storey is designed or intended for use as a Group B, Division 2 or 3 occupancy.

3.2.6.14. Testing

(1) The systems for control of smoke movement and mechanical venting required by Articles 3.2.6.2. and 3.2.6.10. shall be tested to ensure sati