Guidelines for environmental protection measures at chemical and waste storage facilities
A guide for environmental protection measures at chemical and waste storage facilities for owners/operator/designers of chemical and waste storage facilities and the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change. This document can be used as a resource for planning upgrades to existing storage areas and for the design and operation of new facilities.
May 2007
Acknowledgment
The authors are grateful to staff from various ministries who have provided their input and valuable comments. Thanks also go to SENES Consultants Limited for their work on the guideline throughout the process, from the initial stages to posting a draft document on the Environmental Bill of Rights Registry. A special thanks to those individuals and organizations that provided their comments through the public review process on the Environmental Bill of Rights Registry.
Preface
Use of the guideline
The Guidelines for Environmental Protection Measures at Chemical and Waste Storage Facilities is intended for use by owners/operator/designers of chemical and waste storage facilities and the Ministry of the Environment. This document will aid the reader in assessing the necessary environmental protection measures for chemical and waste storage areas and protection measures for human health. This document can be used as a resource during planning of upgrades to existing storage areas and for the design and operation of new facilities.
This guideline is intended to supplement, not replace existing codes and regulation. Owners of chemical and waste storage facilities should comply with all other applicable legislation and any existing certificates of approval. For detailed guidance on how to apply for a certificate of approval, consult the "approvals guidance manuals" prior to undertaking any new development or modifications to existing facilities. The Ministry of the Environment may use this guideline to develop certificate of approval conditions or to promote environmental protection measures at facilities arising from inspections and in response to environmental incidents (i.e., spills).
This guideline may be used by the Ministry of the Environment abatement staff as a reference and guide to best practices when inspecting chemical and waste storage areas at existing facilities. The Ministry of the Environment expects to use this guideline as a means to assess existing storage equipment and/or spill containment provisions against a set of best practices and to assist the environmental officer in evaluating whether the design and operation of a facility presents an unacceptable risk or may result in an adverse effect.
Officers will consider various risk factors in determining whether an existing chemical or waste storage facility should undertake improvement in order to conform to the guideline criteria. The risk factors would include but would not necessarily be limited to the following:
- proximity of the site to sensitive receptors
- toxicity and hazard of the chemicals
- quantity of chemicals or waste being stored
- potential severity of the impact to the environment should a release occur
- history of environmental incidents
- compliance history
- relative degree to which the existing storage provisions do not conform.
Relation to codes and regulations
Technical staff at the Ministry of the Environment’s Environmental Assessment and Approvals Branch may use this guideline in reviewing certificate of approval applications and evaluating the proposed storage provisions. The technical reviewer will compare the details of the application to the environmental protection measures contained within the guideline and may develop specific conditions within the certificate of approval to require that the site be designed and operated to conform to the guideline.
In preparing this document, the Ministry of the Environment recognizes that viable alternative storage solutions exist and they may be equivalent to or exceed the environmental protection measures contained within the guideline. It should also be noted that this guideline is a "starting point" for evaluating and designing storage facilities for chemicals and waste. No single document is currently available that documents and interprets all requirements as required by both federal and provincial legislation and Municipal By-Laws. The Ministry of the Environment has attempted to provide a document that will assist its staff and facility owners and operators in the understanding of current best practices in chemical and waste storage.
As noted above, this document is a guide to common current best practices and is not all encompassing. The design and operation of all storage facilities requires a further understanding of legislative requirements, best practice measures and documents produced by professional associations. In particular, a review of Part 4 of the Fire Code would be an essential part of meeting any regulatory requirements associated with storage of flammable and combustible liquids. Similarly, a review of the Building Code would also enable owners to ensure their structures associated with chemical and waste storage are constructed as per regulatory requirements. Through the adoption of environmentally protective procedures, adherence to regulatory requirements and installation of proper controls, the hazards associated with chemical and waste storage can be minimized and can reduce the likelihood of adverse impact to the environment.
The design of storage facilities and their respective safety measures and procedures falls within the definition of professional engineering, and is subject to the Professional Engineers Act.
As stated earlier, the intent of this document is not to be an exhaustive collection of rules or a source for interpreting legislation. Upon review of this document, it is essential that the appropriate legislation be referenced where required. In order to aid in this task, a summary of some pertinent legislation has been attached to this document and can be found in Appendix A. In addition to these summaries, the internet links to Ontario statutes and regulations can be accessed at the Ontario E-laws website, or they can be acquired through Publications Ontario:
Federal statutes and regulations can be accessed in English at the Justice Laws Website or in French at Site Web de la législation (Justice) or Contact the government hotline at:
Glossary of terms
- Above Ground Storage Tank
- A storage tank in which more than 90% of the storage tank volume is above the surrounding earth, backfill or concrete and which operates at atmospheric pressures plus or minus 10 kPa.
- Adverse Effect
one or more of:
- impairment of the quality of the natural environment for any use that can be made of it
- injury or damage to property or to plant or animal life
- harm or material discomfort to any person
- an adverse effect on the health of any person
- impairment of the safety of any person
- rendering any property or plant or animal life unfit for human use
- loss of enjoyment of normal use of property
- interference with the normal conduct of business.
- Chemical Products
- Materials which are derived from chemical reactions, are intended as raw materials for chemical reactions or are blended or used as solvents or carriers.
- Combustible Liquid
- Any liquid having a closed cup flash point at or above 37.8 degrees Celsius and below 93.3 degrees Celsius.
- Container
- A vessel defined as, but not limited to; a storage tank (aboveground or underground), used oil tank, drum, utility tank, holding or sewage tank.
- Facility
- Any on-site chemical, product or material storage location including manufacturing, distribution, wholesalers, waste management industries and laboratories. This includes waste transfer, processing, storage and disposal sites.
- Flammable Liquid
- Any liquid having a closed cup flash point below 37.8 degrees Celsius and a vapour pressure not exceeding 275.8 kPa (absolute) at 37.8 degrees Celsius.
- Flash Point
- the minimum temperature at which a liquid within a container gives off vapour in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid.
- Hazardous Waste
- As defined by R.R.O. 1990 Regulation 347 General – Waste Management.
- Liquid Industrial Waste
- As defined by R.R.O. 1990 Regulation 347 General – Waste Management.
- Representative Sample
- A sample portion of material or waste that is nearly identical in content and consistency as possible to that in the larger body of material or waste being sampled.
- Storage
- the containment of a chemical, waste, product or material on a temporary basis which does not constitute disposal of such an item. (Note: The containment of waste over an extended period requires a certificate of approval and may be considered waste management rather than storage).
- Subject Waste
- As defined by R.R.O. 1990 Regulation 347 General – Waste Management.
- Trained Personnel
personnel knowledgeable in the following through instruction and/or practice:
- relevant waste management legislation, regulations and guidelines
- major environmental concerns pertaining to the chemical/waste to be handled
- occupational health and safety concerns pertaining to the processes and chemical/waste to be handled
- management procedures including the use and operation of equipment for the processes and chemicals/wastes to be handled
- emergency response procedures
- specific written procedures for the control of nuisance conditions
- specific written procedures for refusal of unacceptable loads
- the requirements of a certificate of approval.
- Under Ground Storage Tank
- a storage tank that has more than 10% of its volume encased in earth, backfill, concrete, or any other material.
- Vapour Pressure
- the pressure exerted by a liquid as determined by ASTM D 323, "Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)".
- Waste
- for the purpose of this document only: chemicals and other materials destined for disposal or recycling, including off-spec chemical products and any other chemical material or substance that is generated either intentionally or unintentionally, that is no longer wanted and can not be either redistributed or used in any other manner. Included in this definition are: chemicals that can no longer be used for their intended use, mislabeled or unlabeled chemicals, abandoned or waste chemicals; material in deteriorating or damaged containers, residuals in chemical containers, used or spent chemicals, and, debris contaminated with a hazardous material (e.g., rags, paper towels).
Excluded from this document are:
- Radioactive or nuclear materials subject to regulations of the Nuclear Safety And Control Act, (Canada), S.C. 1997, c. 9, as amended
- Stockpiles of solid materials such as aggregates, sands and gravels, coal, mine tailings, waste rock and concentrates from mining operations
- Storage areas such as lagoons, settling ponds and trenches.
Section 1: Introduction
The following general principles should be applied to the assessment of environmental and public health protection measures at chemical and waste storage facilities:
Material identification (characterization and labelling)
- Environmental protection measures should be in place at all chemical and waste storage facilities.
- Owner/operator should complete a review of all materials used at facility.
- Specific environmental protection measures should be based on sound engineering principles taking into account the diverse risks and properties of the materials being stored.
Containment
- Measures should be provided at chemical and waste storage facilities to prevent the uncontrolled release of chemicals and wastes into the environment consistent with public health and safety.
- All subject waste storage facilities must comply with the Environmental Protection Act R.S.O. 1990, c.E.19 and R.R.O. 1990, Regulation 347 General – Waste Management. In applying the guideline, consideration should be given to the potential for releases to enter the natural environment and cause an adverse affect, with applicable sections of the guideline adopted in accordance with the degree of risk.
Security
- Access and use of chemicals and wastes should be restricted to those who have been adequately trained in the materials (trained personnel).
Contingency planning
- Site owners/operators should identify emergency contact persons and implement appropriate procedures with respect to chemicals and wastes.
- Any plan should be completed in consultation with the municipality and local fire department.
- Human health and safety should take precedence over environmental protection in cases of emergency.
Minimizing environmental risk
As a first line of defense, all storage facilities should be designed, fabricated and installed in such a manner that risk of loss (e.g., building or stored material) is minimized. Materials considered for the construction of storage facilities should be compatible with the safe long-term storage of the chemicals or wastes under consideration. The degree to which measures are taken to ensure the integrity of a storage facility should be dictated by the severity of the potential environmental, health and safety risk associated with the chemical or waste to be stored.
The following should be considered when evaluating existing facilities, installing new facilities or prior to initiating changes to existing facilities:
- No changes are made in the chemicals or wastes to be stored in a given facility until an assessment has been made of the suitability of the facility for such a change.
- Where possible, storage facilities are not located where, in the event of a spill, waste or chemical product may enter a natural watercourse or a sewage or drainage system, contaminate potable surface or groundwater supplies, or contribute to air contamination and odour issues.
Worker safety
The following measures for worker protection should be considered at each chemical and waste storage facility, in accordance with requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Act and regulations. The owner/operator of the chemical and/or waste storage facility should conduct a risk assessment and take into consideration regulation respecting Control of Exposure to Biochemical or Chemical Agents and the regulations respecting designated substances (see Appendix A).
The risk assessment should include:
- details of engineering controls
- work practices
- hygiene facilities and practices
- personal protective equipment (PPE) required to be worn by the operator/carrier
- ventilation requirements
- appropriate procedures
- use of less hazardous chemicals (product substitution).
Emergency measures such as eye wash fountains, deluge showers, etc. should be provided and maintained in good repair, commensurate with the identified level of risk. Appropriate worker training in the proper use, care and maintenance should be provided to ensure effective use of required personal protective equipment. This training should include any fit testing of respiratory equipment if required.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should include the following:
- impervious gloves (type and material)
- coveralls
- boots (rubber or safety)
- eye protection (safety glasses/chemical goggles)
- exhaust and/or make-up air
- details of respiratory equipment (particulate respirator, half face piece respirator, full face piece respirator, self contained breathing apparatus or supply air respirator certified by NIOSH) if required.
Section 2: Tanks and piping
General requirements
The purpose of the guideline is to help owners of storage facilities to assess the necessary environmental protection measures for chemical and waste storage areas. As part of these measures, proper storage in tanks and transport of the contents in associated piping will assist in promoting the following:
- environmental protection (air, surface and groundwater)
- personnel protection
- fire protection.
In applying this guideline, consideration should be given to the potential for releases to enter the natural environment. Depending on the location of the storage system, there are various sources of risk. Sewer systems, underground utilities, soil, surface water and groundwater are typical areas that may be affected if improper methods of above and underground storage are implemented.
Through a thorough assessment of the process, its requirements and location within the facility, applicable sections of this guideline can be adopted in accordance with the degree of risk. For example, indoor tanks remote from exterior doors and sewer drains may not require the same degree of secondary containment as an outdoor tank. Similarly, the required level of monitoring may increase if an underground tank is the storage of choice. Unless there are compelling site-specific reasons to install underground storage tanks, use of these systems should be avoided.
Also, consideration should be given to reducing losses from these systems in the form of:
- seals to minimize storage evaporative losses
- preventative maintenance programs
- double walled tanks
- vault installations
- synthetic liners.
Codes and standards
When considering the requirements for the design and manufacturing of the appropriate tank and its installation, it is important to refer to the applicable codes and standards available on this topic. The following list will assist owners in determining these requirements. It should be noted that this is not an exhaustive list.
Installation and Design:
- Building Code, made under the Building Code Act, 1992
- Electrical Safety Code, made under the Electricity Act, 1998
- Relevant standards (e.g.,ULC, CSA, ASTM).
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids:
- Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997 and associated codes/regulations
- Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000 and associated codes/regulations
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations, made under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 (Canada)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act and associated regulations.
Requirements for storage tanks
For all applications of storage tanks and associated equipment (storage tank system), the construction materials should be of sufficient structural strength and type to withstand normal operating conditions. The owner of the system should ensure that the material type is compatible with the contents of the tanks and associated equipment.
All storage tanks that rest on the ground should be constructed with a double bottom or underlain by a barrier that will not deteriorate. Bottom contact with gravel, soil or spill absorbents around the base of the tank may increase the likelihood of bottom corrosion and should be avoided. The bottom of some tanks may be below ground level, thereby trapping moisture and increasing the rate of corrosion.
If the tank is lined or internally coated, the coatings should be compatible with the substance stored. Using one or a combination of corrosion resistant materials such as non-metallic cladding or coatings, cathodic protection, or paints can also provide protection. Design and installation of cathodic protection should be in accordance with specified codes and standards. Tank and piping connections of two different metals that create a corrosion inducing galvanic cell should be avoided. Included in corrosion protection are exposed exterior surfaces of all aboveground tanks, piping and ancillary equipment.
When installing a tank system, the following should be considered:
- Appropriate foundations should be stable under all operating conditions to ensure protection from physical damage
- Foundations and tanks should be protected from, or resistant to, all forms of internal and external wear, vibration, shock, corrosion, fire, heat, vacuum and pressure which might cause the storage tank system or foundation to fail where failure could result in personal or environmental damage.
- Construction materials associated with storage tank systems, foundations, containments and containment accessories should be consistent with safe long-term storage of the chemical or waste being stored.
- If an external coating is used to protect the tank from external corrosion, the coatings should be fiberglass-reinforced-plastic, epoxy, or other suitable dielectric material.
- The coating should have a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with that of the tank material.
- Changes in the facility operation should not be permitted until an assessment has been completed to ensure that the suitability (e.g., material compatibility, pressure and vacuum relief systems) for such a change is feasible. Changes to the facility may require an amendment to the certificate of approval, if there is a certificate of approval for the site.
- Aboveground tanks should be accessible by fire fighting and other emergency response equipment.
- In orienting tanks, consideration should be given to minimizing impingement on person or property by a released chemical/waste or a fire.
- Minimum separation distances (e.g., between tanks, from wells, from waterways, from means of egress) for flammable and combustible storage tanks should be in accordance with applicable regulations and codes.
Requirements for piping
In general, overhead piping is preferable to underground piping. In applications where overhead piping is not possible, extra care and appropriate measures should be taken during the installation. Similar to tank requirements, piping and associated connectors should be of sufficient structural strength to withstand normal operating conditions and the material should be compatible with that of the waste or chemical that is transported.
Piping should be installed to eliminate or minimize physical damage by vehicles or equipment. Care should be taken in low-lying areas or in areas where there is significant pedestrian traffic to avoid any other occupational health and safety hazards. Overflow piping from tanks should be extended to near the floor of the containment area to ensure wastes or chemicals are directed into the designated area. To avoid any fire, health or safety problem, the discharges from vents should not terminate in, near or underneath any building.
Requirements for accessories and instrumentation
To keep operating personnel informed as to the existing conditions, instrumentation should be provided on all storage tanks and piping to and from the tanks. Controls such as alarms should be provided to give warning of conditions (e.g., high pressure or liquid levels) that could result in a spill if not corrected. Back-up methods of detecting high levels in a tank are also recommended. All remote or instrument-operated valves should be set to fail in the safest position.
There are various methods of preventing unsafe conditions in the tank. Tank systems should be protected from over-pressurization, excessive vacuums or thermal excursions. Tank conditions may be caused by operator error, filling, emptying, atmospheric temperature changes, reactions, pumping, refrigeration, heating and fire exposure. Devices that can assist in preventing these conditions are:
- rupture discs
- pressure/vacuum relief devices, gauges and controllers
- thermal alarms
- fail-safe vessel designs
- other means determined by a qualified engineer.
When determining the location of these devices, consideration should be made for the safety of the operating personnel, public health and safety and environmental protection. Ancillary equipment should be located in such a way as to protect it from physical damage from moving vehicles or other facility operations.
Tanks temporarily out-of-service and permanent closure
If an aboveground storage tank will not be used for an extended period of time, considerations should be made to block piping or close valves to isolate the out-of- service tank. The tank should be inspected monthly, including a determination of the level of material in the tank, and the associated piping/secondary containment. It is also recommended that piping be emptied and made vapour-free. Prior to re-use of a tank system, the tank and all associated piping should be inspected to ensure that they are in operable condition. It is recommended that old out-of-service storage tanks not be used for waste storage (e.g., old underground storage tanks should not be used to store waste oil).
Tanks that are set for permanent closure should be made vapour-free, as should the associated piping. As part of the decommissioning of a tank, measures should be implemented to remediate or manage any associated environmental contamination.
Section 3: Secondary containment
Secondary Containment - General
Containment systems should be installed around all liquid chemical or waste storage containers to collect and contain a leak, spill or overfill from the tank, connections, vents or pressure relief devices. An appropriate assessment should be completed on all storage areas to determine the likelihood that a spill or overflow condition would cause an adverse effect to the environment. This assessment will assist the owner/operator of the facility to determine the degree of containment that may be required. In lower risk areas such as indoor applications, the facility itself can be used as containment, but for a higher-risk area such as an outdoor storage area, an appropriately sized containment area with adequate engineering controls may be required. In considering the storage of more than one product within a common containment enclosure, whether by initial design or subsequent change in tank service, compatibility should be established to minimize the potential for violent reactions between two or more chemicals.
Containment systems should be designed such that the horizontal trajectory of a potential leak from a tank will be confined within the impoundment. As a guide, the perpendicular distance from the tank face to the top of the inside face of any containment should be a minimum of half the height of the tank above the top of the containment wall. In cases involving very high risk of loss or damage, calculations should be made to determine the required distance. For areas with restricted space, a higher containment wall or shields placed in areas of risk should be considered. The secondary containment system should isolate and protect the tank from vehicular traffic, fire, and spills of incompatible materials that might occur in adjacent storage or work areas.
Containment areas may be emptied manually, by pumps or by ejectors. However, all should be manually activated and the condition of the accumulation should be examined before starting to be sure no contaminants will be discharged into the environment. Another option for removal would be disposal off-site using approved carriers and receivers.
Examination of the material may include visual, odour or analytical tests, as applicable to the type of materials contained within the tank systems. Accumulations from a secondary containment system should be treated or decontaminated in accordance with local requirements (e.g., municipal by-laws) for discharges to sanitary sewer or in accordance with a site certificate of approval and sector specific Effluent Monitoring and Effluent Limits Regulations made under the Environmental Protection Act for direct discharges.
Containment capacity
The contained volume of the impoundment within a containment system enclosing one or more tanks is given as the total enclosed volume, minus the volume up to the height of the containment of:
- all tanks
- all tank foundations.
The volume of piping, pumps, pump bases, pipe supports and other minor obstructions may be ignored if their total volume is less than 2 % of the volume of the impoundment. Containments should be sized so as to provide a minimum impoundment volume equal to the greater of:
- 110% of the volume of the largest tank
- 100% of the volume of the largest tank plus the greater of 10% of the volume of the largest tank or 10% of the aggregate volume of all remaining tanks.
Construction requirements
All containment areas should be structurally sound, impermeable and able to withstand chemical deterioration and structural stresses from internal and external causes. Soil conditions should be reviewed with regard to settling and drainage. If necessary, barriers or other protection should be provided to protect the containment from possible structural damage due to heavy vehicles. If the containment floor is subject to hydraulic pressure, the migration of moisture into the containment system should be prevented. Containments in flood plains should be designed and constructed to withstand structural damage and overtopping by 1 in 100 year run-off or a storm event.
The secondary containment system should be designed and constructed, coated or lined with a permeability rate to the material stored of 1 × 10-6 cm/sec or less and be chemically compatible with the contents of all tanks within the containment area. Tank containment systems should not be located over any existing piping or drainage system whether active or inactive. Any inactive piping should be removed prior to the installation of the storage facility. The floor of the containment should have a minimum slope of 1.5% towards a sump to ensure that any runoff or spilled material will be contained.
There should be no sewer connections from any containment area, other than through the containment valve. There should be no piping through the basin floor. It is recommended that piping through the containment wall be avoided. If piping through containment walls is unavoidable, it should be sealed so that spilled material cannot escape from the space around the piping.
If a synthetic liner is used as a secondary containment system, synthetic liners should be at least 60 mm in thickness and should be made of a material that will not deteriorate in an underground environment. All punctures, tears or inadequate seams in the liner should be repaired prior to backfilling. The liner should be installed with a slope to the sump of at least 1.5%.
Multiple tanks containing the same materials should be piped in such a way so as to prevent failure of one tank (or piping) from causing the remainder of the tanks to lose their contents. If this is not possible, the tanks should be regarded as one tank and the containment sized accordingly. All containments should be equipped with a sump with a minimum capacity of 1.5 m3 from which runoff or spilled material may be pumped, or drained by means of a containment valve. Containment valves should be locking position indicator valves. They should be normally locked in the closed position, with access restricted. The valve may be opened for short periods to drain storm water from a containment (may be subject to Ontario Water Resource Act). However, the valve should be attended at all times during the drainage periods, and shut and locked immediately thereafter. Aside from routine operating checks, the only other time that a containment valve should be open is when deemed essential in an emergency situation.
Underground installations
When using a double-walled tank for a secondary containment system, the tank should be designed such that the outer wall can contain a release from the inner wall and it should enclose the entire primary tank. The interstitial space should be regularly monitored. The outer wall should be protected against corrosion similar to the inner tank to prevent rupture. The outer wall should be designed to handle the maximum pressure of the inner wall.
If a vault is used as a secondary containment system, the vault should be a continuous structure with a chemical resistant water stop used at all joints. The tank or tanks within the vault should be supported or backfilled in a manner consistent with generally acceptable engineering practices.
For underground installations, appropriate signs should be put in place to indicate the location of the underground facility. Also, an underground barrier should be put in place to prevent possible rupture during excavations that could otherwise encroach upon the underground system.
Leak detection
Storage tanks should be monitored for leakage using one or more of the following methods when a risk assessment deems it necessary:
- inventory monitoring
- routine monitoring of the interstitial space of a double-walled tank
- vapour wells for monitoring soils in the excavation zone
- groundwater monitoring wells
- automatic tank gauging equipment
- other equivalent methods as approved by relevant Codes and Standards.
A qualified engineer should design all leak detection systems according to appropriate codes and standards.
Piping and pumps
Pumps handling flammable materials and water cooled pumps with a continuous flow of water through them should be placed on a separate pad outside the containment. Appropriate containment should be considered for pumps outside the main containment area. Pumps in other services may be placed inside or outside the containment area. The elevation of pumps within the containment area should be such that they are not rendered inoperative due to an accumulation of rainwater or material from minor leaks. Pipes draining containment systems should be capable of handling the maximum potential water spray cooling and fire protection system flow within the containment.
All piping and containment valves should be protected from freezing. In above ground applications, heat tracing and insulation is the recommended approach. For underground piping, burial below frost level will aid in preventing frozen lines. If this is impossible, the line should also be heat traced and insulated.
Any coupling or open-ended valve used for making a transfer should be located within the secondary containment system of the transfer station.
Transfer, loading and off-loading
Secondary containment, with sufficient capacity to accommodate overfills and spills which are likely to occur during the transfer including leaks or spills from connections, couplings, vents, pumps and valves, and hose failure should be provided for transfer loading/unloading areas. The ground around the loading/unloading system area should be sloped a minimum of 1.5% toward a containment system. Where secondary containment is not provided, alternate measures offering an equivalent level of protection should be implemented to reduce spill risk.
All personnel involved in the transfer and loading/unloading operation should be provided with personal protective equipment to protect against any associated hazards. Procedures should be in place to ensure that the personnel are trained for using such equipment during the transfer and loading/unloading operation.
At all times, a trained operator or carrier should supervise, monitor and control the transfer to prevent overfill and spill during the entire period of transfer and while the tank is connected to the loading or unloading device. Prior to the transfer, the operator or carrier must ensure that the material to be transferred will be transferred to the proper tank and that the receiving tank has available capacity to receive the volume to be transferred.
All connections should be leak-free, undamaged, fully functional and checked for leakage before and after the transfer has been initiated. During unloading/loading from/to a tank car, brakes must be set and wheels must be chocked. Where a fire hazard exists, sources of ignition should be controlled. Where a product transfer line or fill line is not drained of liquid upon completion of a transfer operation, the line should be equipped with a valve (e.g., a dry disconnect shutoff valve) that prevents discharges from the line.
Where siphoning or back flow is possible, fill pipes should be equipped with a properly functioning check valve, siphon break or equivalent device or system which provides automatic protection against backflow.
Overfill and spill prevention equipment and practices should be employed for all storage tank fill systems, and could include one or more of:
- operator controls
- high-level alarms or trips
- automatic by-pass to an overflow tank if the overflow tank is equipped with overflow protection
- other equivalent systems for preventing overfills.
Subject wastes should be transferred, loaded and offloaded in accordance with s. 16, s.18 and s.19 of R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 347. Where feasible, consideration should be given to use of vapour balance systems to minimize emissions (working losses) generated during the loading/unloading of tanks and during the dispensing of products from tanks. Submerged fill should be used where practical to reduce vapour losses during loading/unloading operations.
Section 4: Gases and voltile liquids
General requirements
Gaseous or volatile liquid chemicals or wastes for the purpose of this document will include those with true vapour pressures above 76 kPa, consistent with the following objectives:
- environmental protection (i.e., air, surface and groundwater)
- personnel protection
- fire protection.
The primary approach to this objective will be the application of loss control technology and optimum dispersion into the atmosphere of uncontrollable losses. In response to major disasters, storage of many volatile materials (e.g., ammonia and chlorine) has been the subject of extensive development of safety. Reference should be made to available sources of information for safety procedures and emergency response plans for such storage systems.
Codes and standards
Compressed gases and gas cylinders should be stored in accordance with:
- Ontario Fire Code
- Occupational Health and Safety Act and associated regulations.
In orienting pressurized cylinders, consideration should be given to minimizing impingement to person or property by a chemical release, a fire or a projectile.
Storage systems should be designed, constructed and installed in accordance with:
- Building Code, made under the Building Code Act, 1992
- Electrical Safety Code, made under the Electricity Act, 1998
- Boilers and Pressure Vessels Regulation, made under Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000
- Code Adoption Document and relevant design Codes and Standards.
Storage of flammable liquids should be stored in conformance with the:
- Fire Code, made under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997
- Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, as applicable
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations, made under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992(TDGA) (Canada)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act, as applicable.
Tank and piping requirements
Storage tanks and associated piping and equipment (i.e., the storage tank system) should be of sufficient structural strength to withstand normal handling and be installed on a foundation that is stable under all operating conditions. Storage tank systems and foundations should be protected from, or resistant to, all forms of internal and external wear, vibration, shock, corrosion, fire, heat, vacuum and pressure which might cause the storage tank system or foundation to fail where failure could result in personal or environmental damage.
Overhead piping is preferable to underground piping for filling tanks from the process or from raw material sources such as tank car or tank truck unloading stations.
All storage tanks which rest on the ground should be constructed with a double bottom or underlain by a barrier which will not deteriorate (i.e., a permeability rate to the material stored equal to or less than 1 × 106 cm/sec). The storage tank should be closed system and pressure resistant.
Construction materials associated with storage tank systems and foundations should be consistent with safe long-term storage of the chemical or waste being stored. Changes in the facility service should not be permitted until an assessment has been made to assure the suitability of the facility (e.g., material compatibility, pressure and vacuum relief systems) for such a change in service. If the tank is lined or internally coated, the coatings should be compatible with the substance stored, with coating specifications adhering to good engineering practice and relevant standard requirements.
The exposed exterior surfaces of all aboveground tanks, piping and ancillary equipment should be protected from corrosion. Protection should be provided by using one or more corrosion resistant materials, non-metallic cladding or coatings, or paints. Bottoms of tanks which are in contact with soil and are subject to corrosion should be protected from external corrosion by either corrosion-resistant materials and/or cathodic protection system. Tank and piping connections of two different metals that create a corrosion inducing galvanic cell should be avoided.
Tank accessories/instrumentation
Instrumentation should be provided on all storage tanks and piping to and from the tanks in order to keep operating personnel informed about existing conditions. Alarms should be provided to give warning of conditions which, if not corrected, may result in a spill. For toxic and/or non-biodegradable materials, a back-up method of detecting high levels should be provided. A back-up method of detecting high pressure (including remote alarms) should be provided. All remote or instrument-operated valves should be set to fail in the safest position. Tanks should be protected by one or a combination of devices to protect against:
- over-pressurization
- thermal excursions
- operator error
- atmospheric temperature changes
- reactions
- heat
- fire exposure.
The following devices can be used:
- rupture discs
- pressure relief devices
- gauges
- controllers
- thermal alarms
- fail-safe vessel designs
- alarms or other means determined by a qualified engineer.
Discharge from pressure relief devices should not terminate in, near or underneath any building if the discharge could pose a fire, health or safety problem. For indoor storage of toxic gases, gas detectors/sensors and alarms are strongly recommended.
Tank location
Locations of the various components of any chemical or waste storage system should consider the safety of the operating personnel, public health and safety and environmental protection. Tank locations are generally based on process needs and accessibility to production equipment so as to provide good materials flow. However, in locating the tank, consideration should be given to the hazards associated with the flammability and toxicity of the chemical or waste and relevant Codes and Standards. Tanks, piping and ancillary equipment should be located in such a way to protect them from physical damage that may result from moving vehicles. All aboveground tanks should be accessible to fire fighting and other emergency response equipment. In orienting tanks, consideration should be given towards minimizing impingement to person or property by a released chemical or a fire.
Tanks Temporarily Out-of-Service and Permanent Closure
If a storage tank will not be used for an extended period of time, consideration should be made to block piping or close valves to isolate the out-of-service tank. The tank should be inspected monthly, including a determination of the level of material in the tank, and the associated piping/secondary containment. It is also recommended that piping be purged with an inert gas. Prior to the re-use of a tank system, the tank and all associated piping should be inspected to ensure that they are in operable condition. It is recommended that old out-of-service storage tanks not be used for waste storage (i.e., old underground storage tanks should not be used to store waste oil).
Tanks that are set for permanent closure should be purged with an inert gas, as should the associated piping. As part of the decommissioning of a tank, measures should be implemented to remediate or manage any associated environmental contamination.
Secondary containment
Pressurized storage tanks containing gaseous or volatile chemicals or wastes with true vapour pressures greater than 76 kPa may not normally require containment systems. The ground around the tank, however, should be sloped a minimum of 1.5% away from the tank.
Control of vapour emissions from tanks
Emergency vents and reliefs for closed system pressurized tanks should be located to maximize dispersion of gases in the event of an emergency. In extreme cases, this may require the use of vent stacks or pipes to disperse gases at a height which does not impinge on personnel or private property. Alternatively, flammable vapours from vents and reliefs may be directed to flare stacks for combustion. A certificate of approval may be required and it may contain specific conditions which must be implemented to control the emission.
Section 5: Container storage
Storage of solids and non-stationary containers
The purpose of this section of the guideline is to ensure the containment of all spills and accidental losses of chemicals or wastes from storage systems for solid chemicals or wastes (packaged or stockpiled) are consistent with the following objectives:
- environmental protection (air, surface and groundwater)
- personnel protection
- fire protection.
Container storage requirements
At most industrial facilities, storage of chemicals and waste in pails, drums and totes is a common practice. Storage of all forms of containers will be similar whether they are stored in an outdoor or indoor facility. The requirements, other than protection from weather conditions, remain the same. The containers should be stored in a manner to ensure:
- accessibility to the fire response personnel and/or fire department
- accessibility to material control personnel
- stability of containers
- appropriate segregation
- appropriate labelling.
Containers should be stored in accordance with the:
- Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997
- Occupational Health and Safety Act
- Associated regulations.
In order to meet proper container storage requirements, a facility specific arrangement plan should be implemented. Items such as storage area locations and accessibility to materials should be considered. A majority of these decisions can be made based on process needs and the ability to provide optimum handling and transportation. However, in locating the storage area, consideration should be given to the hazards associated with the flammability and toxicity of the chemical or waste and/or relevant codes, standards and regulations. Special consideration should be given to ensuring that the area used to store the chemicals and waste is accessible to fire fighting and other emergency response personnel and equipment.
The location of the storage area should promote protection of both the containment structures and packages of the stockpiled materials from moving machinery and vehicles. The following checklist is not exhaustive, but will assist in the safe management of containers:
- Stacking:
- number of stacks should be minimized
- stacks are made-up of similar container types (shape)
- use of appropriate platforms or pallets
- aisle space for adequate access
- Labelling:
- proper identification of material (ensure compatibility)
- date of material manufacture
- fill-date of container
- Inventory Control:
- fill-date of container
- material types
- location within facility
- fill dates.
In addition to the items listed under stacking, owners/operators should closely evaluate the quantities and placement of stackable containers to avoid fire and safety hazards. Closed containers of flammable liquids do have a stacking height restriction which is outlined in Part 4 of the Ontario Fire Code. Densely packed container storage areas may make good use of valuable floor space, but may create accessibility problems, give rise to safety issues and hinder firefighting.
Outdoor storage requirements
In order to maximize the space required for bulk solids and non-stationary containers, outdoor storage areas are typically utilized. To minimize the risk to the environment and facility personnel, an assessment should be completed to determine the following:
- stormwater contamination
- storm and sanitary sewer contamination
- wind effects
- temperature extremes
- accessibility
In most circumstances, it is preferable that the storage of chemicals and waste areas be covered with a roof, bermed or enclosed to prevent stormwater contact. This is particularly important for materials that react to water or that may pollute any stormwater discharge. The enclosure should be designed to protect against severe weather conditions and any hazards associated with the chemical or waste. The following are additional examples of items that should be considered when evaluating building requirements:
- flammability and combustibility
- reactivity
- corrosivity
- temperature requirements
- ventilation requirements
- compatibility (storage of different materials)
- any other material hazards.
When stockpiles of raw materials are stored outdoors, covers should be put in place to avoid stormwater (e.g., snow and rain) contamination. When orienting stockpiles, consideration should also be given to prevailing wind conditions and directions. If covers are used on small stockpiles, they should be in place at all times when work with the stockpiles is not occurring. If the stockpiles are so large that they cannot feasibly be covered and contained, erosion control practices such as crust forming agents should be implemented.
Secondary containment
Storage containers should not be placed directly on the ground. Storage containers should be impermeable (i.e., leak tight) and constructed of a material compatible with the materials being stored in the primary containment system. Protective coatings can be applied and maintained in good condition where required to protect the containment structure from chemical degradation. The runoff of uncontaminated stormwater from adjacent areas and from the stockpiles should be prevented from entering the sewer or storm drains by placing a curb or a berm along the perimeter of the area. The containment areas should be free of drains that connect directly or indirectly to a storm or sanitary sewer system.
Containment areas should be sloped and curbed so that spills and drainage are directed to an appropriate collection, treatment or disposal system in a manner that minimizes the pooling of water on the site (minimum slope of 1.5 % recommended). When storing small quantities of container storage, the capacity of the secondary containment should be 10 % of the total volume of material stored plus the size of the largest container. Stacked drums or containers should be stored such that the horizontal trajectory of apotential leak will be confined within the impoundment. As a guide, the perpendicular distance from the drum or container face to the top of the inside face of any containment should be a minimum of half the height of the highest drums or containers above the top of the containment wall. In cases involving very high risk of loss or damage, calculations should be made to determine the required distance.
When storing larger quantities of chemicals or wastes in containers, the secondary containment features should be constructed to a minimum height of 15 cm above the surrounding floor or grade. This may be achieved by the inclusion of non-combustible sills, curbs, ramps or dykes (i.e., steel or concrete) during construction of the facility. Storage of small quantities (usually in indoor applications) can be accomplished through specialized equipment such as over pack drums, spill containment pallets or spill trays manufactured from steel or plastic.
Containment areas may be emptied manually, by pumps or by ejectors. However, all should be manually activated and the condition of the accumulation should be examined before starting to be sure that no contaminants are discharged into the environment. Examination could include visual, odour or analytical tests, as applicable to the type of materials contained.
Material that accumulates from a secondary containment system should be treated or decontaminated in accordance with local requirements (e.g., municipal by-laws) for discharges to sewer or in accordance with certificate of approval and sector specific Effluent Monitoring and Effluent Limits Regulations made under the Environmental Protection Act for direct discharges. If the containment system is created in such a way that the risk of releases into the natural environment is minimal then the guideline should be applied to that degree. For example containers stored indoors in remote areas, away from exterior doors and sewer drains may not require the same degree of secondary containment as containers stored outdoors.
Section 6: Security
Storage area security
The security of chemical and waste storage areas is important to protect the environment and facility operators. Chemical and/or waste storage areas can be either indoors or outdoors, but in both cases they should be protected from unauthorized access. Only authorized and trained personnel should have access to the storage area.
Outdoor chemical and waste storage compounds should be completely fenced. This fencing should be constructed in such a manner as to discourage entry into the compound by climbing or other means. A risk assessment should be completed to determine the requirements of the fencing, including but not limited to height, dimensions, building type and materials in storage. The following are some factors that may help determine security requirements:
- number of storage containers
- type of chemical or waste being stored
- quantity of material stored
- location of the storage area
- accessibility of storage area
- frequency of use.
Upon determination of the security requirements, additional considerations such as safe storing distances should be evaluated. A risk assessment may necessitate that additional control measures be put into effect to secure the storage area. Other security measures, including the following should be investigated as part of the security risk assessment:
- distance from fence-line to containers
- lighting
- locks
- security cameras
Section 7: Inspection and monitoring
General
Primary storage equipment containing chemicals or wastes, including containers, cabinets, drums, tanks, valves and piping should be visually inspected for leaks, structural integrity and any other signs of deterioration (e.g., corrosion, wearing of protective coatings) on a regular basis. In the absence of a regulatory requirement, daily visual inspections of stored chemicals and/or wastes should be completed and recorded. However, for critical or highly hazardous chemicals and/or wastes, more frequent inspections may be necessary.
Containment Inspections
Secondary containment systems in an outdoor environment should be examined at least weekly or after each significant precipitation event to ensure that the containment is free of debris, rainwater, snow or other materials that could compromise the capacity and integrity of the containment system. Examination may include visual, odour or analytical tests, as applicable to the type of materials being stored. Accumulations from a secondary containment system should be treated or decontaminated in accordance with local requirements (e.g., municipal by-laws) for discharges to sewer or in accordance with a site certificate of approval and sector specific Effluent Monitoring and Effluent Limits Regulations made under the Environmental Protection Act for direct discharges.
Detailed inspection of the integrity of both the primary and secondary containment systems (e.g., presence of cracks, condition of seals) should be completed periodically. Routine leak detection and inventory reconciliation measures should be implemented and the results should be recorded for aboveground and underground tanks. These detection methods include manual dips (water and product), monitoring of interstitial spaces, examination of monitoring wells, or other methods that are based on manufacturer’s recommendations, regulatory requirements or best practices. Tanks and tank systems that contain corrosives or materials that may induce corrosion or tank material deterioration should be internally inspected at least every ten years. They should be inspected more frequently if recommended by the manufacturer or if required by a regulation. Internal inspections of the tanks and tank systems should be completed in compliance with any applicable regulations or certificates of approval.
Mechanical/electrical systems
Mechanical systems, including ventilation systems, sump pumps, emergency alarms, impressed current corrosion protection systems, level alarms and other systems should be inspected on a routine basis to ensure proper functioning based on the manufacturer’s recommendations, regulatory requirements or best practices. Any mechanical system that has a regulatory requirement needs to be inspected, monitored and tested in accordance with those regulations.
Record keeping
All inspections of chemical and waste storage systems should include a review of the adequacy, completeness, amount, type and accessibility of all spill response equipment. During visual inspections, a checklist and log should be maintained that details the following:
- person responsible for the inspection along with the date of the inspection
- storage areas and containers subject to the inspection
- condition of containers, cabinets, drums, tanks, valves and piping
- quantity of chemicals and/or wastes in storage
- condition of leak detection and spills prevention systems (e.g., cathodic protection system, valves, overfill protection, secondary containment berms).
Appendix B of this guideline document provides sample inspection checklists for owners and operators of chemical and waste storage areas. The intent of this checklist is to assist owners and operators in generating their own checklist and in determining the most appropriate inspection schedule for their chemical and waste storage sites.
Section 8: Emergency preparedness
Emergency preparedness and response
Many chemicals and/or wastes can pose a risk to the environment or result in an adverse occupational health and safety incident if handled or stored inappropriately. In order to minimize environmental impacts, facilities should have an emergency preparedness plan to deal with events such as chemical/waste spills, fires, explosions, vandalism and other emergency situations. The plan should address:
- hazard identification
- prevention measures
- emergency planning
- emergency response
- remedial actions.
Response plans
In developing emergency response plans, facilities should consult the requirements of all relevant legislation, as well as industry codes of practice which may prescribe plan contents or require certain procedures to be followed. Any plan should be completed in consultation with the municipality and the local fire department. Further guidance on emergency response plans is available in the CAN/CSA-Z731-03 Emergency Preparedness and Response.
The Emergency Response Plan should include: Location and Material Information:
Location and Material Information:
- A description of the storage location (including site plans, floor plans, etc), type and amount of chemicals and/or wastes typically in storage, including reference to Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
- Identification of potential environmental emergencies/hazards that may occur, the effects of a potential accidental release and the measures that are required to prevent or respond to emergencies
- A description of the measures that would be used to prevent an environmental emergency, including: the location and type of fire fighting and fire suppression systems; and the spill containment measures (e.g., spill kits, secondary containment berms, double walled storage tanks, etc.)
- A list of the emergency contact numbers for relevant facility staff: spills and/or clean-up response contractors; emergency responders; and agency reporting requirements
- A list of the community communication and notification requirements, which include public education and information programs.
Personnel Requirements:
- Assignment of roles and responsibilities for activating, coordinating and implementing the emergency response plan, including: specific medical or rescue duties; fire response; and spill response duties
- Administrative issues and identification of personnel responsible for management of the response plan and the responsibility for updating the plan
- A description of the actions that facility personnel should take to respond to: fires; explosions; or any other unplanned release to air, soil, or surface water, including: consideration of provisions for monitoring chemicals and waste during a spill; requirements for personal protective equipment; reporting; recordkeeping; containment; clean-up; and disposal concerns
- The steps to report, record and contain fires, explosions and other similar emergencies
- Training requirements for personnel who would be activating, coordinating and implementing the plan including the use and maintenance of personal protective equipment
- The requirement for emergency response exercises (administrative, tabletop drills and operational exercises) should be included.
Emergency Information Requirements:
- Maintenance and inspection requirements for: preventive measures (e.g., secondary containment system); emergency response and personal protective equipment; and fire suppression systems, including record keeping requirements
- The steps that would be necessary to shut down critical operations (e.g., electricity, natural gas etc.)
- The site or location specific evacuation plan and head count procedures
- A procedure for re-evaluation of the plan’s effectiveness, follow-up after incidents, and post-drill reviews.
Spill reporting
Incidents and accidents involving the release of chemicals or waste by the way of spills, fires and other releases must be reported in a timely manner to the Spills Action Centre and the local MOECC District Office, in addition to any other appropriate agencies/jurisdictions. Reporting requirements are listed in the following Ontario statutes, and regulations made under these Acts:
- Environmental Protection Act
- Ontario Water Resources Act
- Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000
- Pesticides Act
Reporting requirements are listed in the following federal Acts and regulations made under these Acts:
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 (TDGA) (Canada)
- Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (Canada).
There are additional requirements for reporting to other ministries and government officials (e.g., Ministry of Labour). The owner/operator of a facility that stores chemicals or waste should be knowledgeable about the specific requirements for his/her facility.
Facilities should ensure that a record is kept of all incidents involving spills, fires and other releases into the environment. As a minimum, this record should include the following:
- date of the occurrence
- detailed description of events that lead up to the occurrence
- amount of materials released to the environment
- the actions taken to control and clean-up the spill
- corrective actions implemented
- evaluation of the corrective action.
Section 9: Labelling
General
Labels and hazardous safety marks provide critical information to carriers, receivers and transporters of chemicals and wastes. Labels act as a hazard awareness tool for people involved in the handling and transportation of chemicals and wastes, including truck drivers, train crews, loading dock workers and security personnel. Labels also provide for the quick identification of storage vessel contents and hazards by emergency responders in the event of an emergency situation, such as an accidental release of chemicals or wastes from a container.
Any containment device used for hazardous materials must be labelled with the appropriate hazardous communication. This includes containers, cabinets, drums, tanks, valves and piping.
Regulatory requirements
It is the facility owner’s responsibility to ensure that all chemicals and wastes are appropriately packaged and labelled. It is important that an inventory of all materials is up-to-date and that the respective labels are available for use. Refer to the Regulatory Summaries in Appendix A for additional guidance on specific labelling requirements.
There are several regulations and/or certificates of approval that require facilities to appropriately package and label chemicals and waste. They include (not limited to):
- Fire safety and regulatory labels required by the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Regulation, made under the Occupational Health and Safety Act
- Fire Code, made under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997
- Liquid Fuels Regulation, made under the Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000
- Storage of PCB Material Regulation, made under Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (Canada)
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (if stored in course of transport or transport is planned), made under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 (Canada)
- General Regulation under the Pesticides Act and Refrigerants Regulation (for refrigerant containers) made under the Environmental Protection Act
- Regulation 347 General – Waste Management, made under the Environmental Protection Act.
Labelling of waste
In addition to the above labels, hazardous or liquid industrial wastes should also be labelled with a date, which indicates the point at which the container was filled, sealed and prepared for shipment. Accurate recording of the date on storage containers allows for an effective tracking system. All storage of wastes should be minimized and regular pick-ups should be scheduled.
Labels should be visible, legible, of an appropriate size and colour, and displayed against a background of contrasting colour. Labels should be made of durable and weather-resistant material to withstand harsh conditions without substantial deterioration or detachment of colour, symbols, letters, or numbers. Where practicable, identification codes can be stencilled or printed on the package or container as an additional means of identification. For wastes, colour coding (e.g., banding of drums or alternate method) maybe used to identify waste streams. Where labels deteriorate or become dislodged from a container, they should be replaced without delay.
Section 10: Training
General requirements
Responsible chemical and waste management is the responsibility of the owner/operator of the facility. Training for the use of chemicals including storage requirements is necessary to ensure the safety of all personnel and to minimize risk to the environment. In addition to training increasing knowledge about chemical hazards, personnel should be trained on associated equipment that may be used to handle, store or use chemicals and wastes.
Training should be specific to the chemicals and/or wastes stored at a site and may include:
- The description of potential hazards and health effects, including: the interpretation and understanding of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) (e.g., ingredients and properties of substances); and proper labeling techniques.
- Identification of procedures and special precautions for safe storage, use and handling, and loading and off-loading, including the use of personal protective equipment.
- Site and location specific emergency response procedures, which include fire and spill containment, and clean up methods for specific types of contaminants.
- Description of any terms and conditions of a certificate of approval, where one has been issued.
Regulatory requirements
There are several regulations that require facilities to train their employees with regard to chemicals and waste. They include (not limited to):
- Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Regulation, made under the Occupational Health and Safety Act
- Fire Code, made under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act 1997
- Regulations made under the Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000:
- Liquid Fuels Regulation
- Fuel Oil Regulation
- Gaseous Fuels Regulation
- Propane Storage and Handling Regulation
- Waste Management – PCB’s, made under the Environmental Protection Act
- Storage of PCB Material Regulation made under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999
- Environmental Emergency Regulations made under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (if stored in course of transport or transport is planned), made under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 (Canada).
Individuals that handle, offer for transport or transport hazardous materials regulated under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR) must be trained. Training must be specific to the types of "Dangerous Goods" that the facility manages.
TDGR training certificates are valid for three years and after they expire re-certification training should be completed.
Training for hazardous materials handlers:
- TDG training requirements and handling responsibilities
- descriptions of dangerous goods classes and compatibility/risk groups
- dangerous goods list (e.g., Schedule 1) data and other sources of information
- dangerous goods safety marks, placards and requirements
- shipping document data and exceptions
- details of small and large means of containment
- emergency actions, information and requirements
- accidental release procedures and responsibilities.
The aforementioned training is important for individuals handling hazardous materials, however when flammable or combustible liquids are involved, specific training should be provided. This training would vary by the type of flammable and combustible liquids that are involved.
Training for flammable and combustible liquid handlers:
- emergency procedures, including fire and spill response emergency procedures
- correct procedures for dispensing of the liquid
- importance of constant attendance during all loading or unloading operations
- extinguishing procedures for fires involving flammable and combustible liquids
- flammable and combustible liquid colour coding and identification systems.
Training of personnel should be managed through a formalized education and training program that would provide job specific training, competency requirements and records for each of the employees. This specific training should include the type of training required, the contents of the training, the necessary education and experience as well as the specified certifications (e.g., trades certificates). Useful training programs would include an evaluation of training effectiveness and testing the knowledge of the trained individuals. Refresher training should be completed in accordance with relevant regulations or based on the needs of a risk assessment.
Records of training should be maintained and may include:
- type of training
- description
- date of completion
- employees in attendance
- any expiry dates.
Records must be maintained in accordance with the requirements of relevant legislation or in the absence of a regulatory requirement, training records should be maintained for a minimum of two (2) years after the expiry of a training certificate. If no certificate is issued, records should be retained to demonstrate that employees have full and current training in accordance with identified training needs.
Only trained persons should be permitted to use, handle and transport chemicals and wastes. Access to chemical and waste storage areas should be limited to trained individuals. In addition to training required for chemicals and waste, specialized training courses may be required for select tasks such as:
- fork lift truck operation
- working in confined spaces
- service of equipment
- use of equipment containing chemicals and/or waste.
Only trained individuals with valid certificates should install, repair, service or remove storage systems and equipment that contain, or have contained, flammable or combustible liquids or gases (e.g., fuel oil and gasoline products) and gaseous fuels and other hazardous materials, chemicals and wastes.
List of resources
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has the B-31.3 Refinery Piping Code and other standards and codes.
API 620 - American Petroleum Institute Specification 620, "Recommended Rules for Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks", June l990, American Petroleum Institute Publishers, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
API Standard 650 - Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, ninth edition, May 1993 (includes Addendum 1, December 1994; Addendum 2, December 1995; and Addendum 3, December 1996).
API Recommended Practice (RP) 651 — Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks, first edition, April 1991.
API RP 652 - American Petroleum Institute Specification 652, "Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms", l99l, American Petroleum Institute Publishers, l220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
API Standard 653 — Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, second edition, December 1995 (includes Addendum 1, December 1996).
API 1615 - American Petroleum Institute Specification 1615, "Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems", l987, with l989 supplement, American Petroleum Institute Publishers, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
API 1632 - American Petroleum Institute Specification l632", Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and Piping System", l987, American Petroleum Institute Publishers, l220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
API Standard 2000 — Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks: Nonrefrigerated and Refrigerated, fourth edition, September 1992.
API RP 2003 — Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Current, fifth edition, December 1991.
API PUBL 2210 — Flame Arrestors for Vents of Tanks Storing Petroleum Products, second edition, 1982.
API RP 2350 — Overfill Protection for Petroleum Storage Tanks, first edition, March 1987.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has the Pressure Vessel Code and other codes relevant to tanks and storage vessels.
The American Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) certifies welding and non-destructive examination (NDE) and non-destructive testing (NDT) inspectors.
ASTM D2996-88 - American Society for Testing and Materials Designation D2996-88, "Specification for Filament-Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe", 1988, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
ASTM D3299-88 - American Society for Testing and Materials Designation D3299-88, "Filament-Wound Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Resin Chemical-Resistant Tanks", 1988, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
ASTM D4021-92 - American Society for Testing and Materials Designation D4021-92, "Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks", 1992, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
ASTM D4097-88 - American Society for Testing and Materials Designation D4097-88, "Contact-Molded Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Resin Chemical-Resistant Tanks", 1988, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
The American Welding Society (AWS) certifies welding inspectors with the designation AWS QC-1 (Quality Control) Welding Inspector and has guidelines on safe welding.
California Stormwater Quality Association, 2003. Stormwater Best Practice Management Handbook, Industrial and Commercial.
CAN4-S601-M84 - Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, No. CAN4-S601-M84, "Standard for Shop Fabricated Steel Aboveground Horizontal Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids", 1984, Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1R 3A9.
CAN4-S630-M84 - Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, No. CAN4-S630-M84, "Standard for Shop Fabricated Steel Aboveground Vertical Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids", 1984, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1R 3A9.
Hazardous Substances and Waste Dangerous Goods Regulations R.R.S., c. E-10.2, r. 3 (Saskatchewan Environment).
NACE Standard RP-01-69 - National Association of Corrosion Engineers, "Recommended Practice - Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems, RP-01-69", April 1992 Revision, National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Box 218340, Houston, Texas 77218.
NACE Standard RP-02-85 - National Association of Corrosion Engineers, "Recommended Practice - Control of External Corrosion on Metallic Buried, Partially Buried, or Submerged Liquid Storage Systems", 1985, National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Box 218340, Houston, Texas 77218.
NFPA No. 30 - National Fire Protection Association, "Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, No. 30", 1996, NFPA, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269.
NFPA 70 — National Electric Code, 1996.
NFPA 77 — Static Electricity, 1993.
NFPA 780 — Lightning Protection Code, 1995.
NLPA 631 - National Leak Prevention Association, "Spill Prevention, Minimum 10- Year Life Extension of Existing Steel Underground Storage Tanks by Lining Without the Addition of Cathodic Protection", 1991, NLPA P.O. Box 1643, Boise, ID 83701.
NYCRR Part 599 - Standards for New or Modified Hazardous Substance Storage Facilities (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation).
NYCRR Part 598 - Handling and Storage of Hazardous Substances.
SSPC-SP #6 - Steel Structures Painting Council, "Steel Structures Painting Manual, Chapter 2 - Surface Preparation Specifications, Commercial Blast Cleaning", June 1991, Steel Structures Painting Council, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
ULC-C107.7-1993 - Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, No. ULC-C107, "Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Pipe and Fittings for Flammable Liquids", 1993, Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1R 3A9.
ULC Standard S603 - Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, No. ULC-S603-92, "Standard for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids", 1992, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1R 3A9.
ULC-S603.1 - Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, No. ULC-S603.1-M1982, "Standard for Galvanic Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids", 1992, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1R 3A9.
US EPA, 1995. AP 42, Fifth Edition. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume 1: Stationary Point and Area Sources.
40 CFR 280 - Part 280 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, "Technical Standards and Corrective Action Requirements for Owners and Operators of Underground Storage Tanks (UST)", July 1, 1993, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
40 CFR 281 - Part 281 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, "Approval of State Underground Storage Tank Programs", July 1, 1993, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
40 CFR 302.8 - Section 8, Part 302 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, "Continuous Releases", July 1, 1990, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Appendix A: Regulatory summaries
Guidelines for environmental protection measures at checmical and waste storage facilities - Appendix A - regulatory summaries
Legislation: | Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. E.19 |
---|---|
General Overview: | Establishes powers to ensure environmental protection and to promote resource conservation. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | All |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all provincially regulated facilities. |
Key Requirements – Design: | Certificates of Approval:
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | General Prohibition on Discharge:
Certificates of Approval:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Spills:
|
Other Citations: | None |
Legislation: | Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. E.19 |
---|---|
Regulation: | General: Waste Management, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 347 |
General Overview: | Defines and designates hazardous waste and non-hazardous waste and provides approval and operating standards for waste disposal sites and waste management systems. Provides a comprehensive system for monitoring hazardous and liquid industrial wastes, from their point of generation, through to their ultimate disposal. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to all chemical wastes. Exceptions include:
|
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all sites generating or receiving regulated chemical wastes. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Registration:
Subject Waste Storage:
Subject Waste Storage Greater than Three Months:
Transfer of Wastes - General:
Transfer of Wastes - Waste Carrier:
Transfer of Wastes - On-Site Disposal:
Transfer of Wastes – Labelling:
Transfer of Waste – Receipt at Waste Management Site:
Refrigerant Waste Collectors:
Selected Waste Depots (Waste Anti-Freeze, Waste Lubricants and Waste Oil Filters):
Records:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | Selected Waste Depots (Waste Anti-Freeze, Waste Lubricants and Waste Oil Filters): Each operator and owner of a selected waste depot shall ensure that each person who accepts, handles, stores or deposits selected waste at the depot is knowledgeable about requirements specified in the Regulation. |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Refrigerant Waste Collectors: Firefighting equipment and spill clean-up and containment equipment appropriate to the quantities and types of stationary refrigerant waste on or likely to be on the site must be available at or near the site. Selected Waste Depots (Waste Anti-Freeze, Waste Lubricants and Waste Oil Filters): Fire-fighting and spill response equipment must be provided and be readily accessible. |
Other Citations |
|
Legislation: | Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. E.19 |
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Regulation: | Waste Management - PCBs R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 362 |
General Overview: | Stipulates requirements for PCB storage sites. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to PCB and PCB-related wastes. |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to provincially regulated facilities storing PCB wastes. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Approvals:
PCB Waste Transfers:
Storage Requirements:
Records:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | None |
Other Citations | Director Instructions (specific to PCB storage site) |
Legislation: | Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. E.19 |
---|---|
Regulation: | Classification and Exemption of Spills, O. Reg. 675/98 |
General Overview: | Establishes classes of spills and spills exempt from reporting under the act |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | All |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all provincially regulated facilities. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Records: For every Class V, VII, VIII, IX, X and XI spill, the person having control of the pollutant shall record the details of the spill, in accordance with the regulation, and shall keep the record for two years after the spill. |
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Spills:
|
Other Citations: | None |
Legislation: | Ontario Water Resources Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.40 |
---|---|
General Overview: | Establishes powers to regulate the water supply, sewage disposal and to control sources of water pollution. The act also provides for the approvals and licensing of wells, water works and sewage works projects |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | All |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all facilities. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | None |
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Discharges to Waters:
|
Other Citations: | None |
Legislation: | Pesticides Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. P.11 |
---|---|
Regulation: | General, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 914 |
General Overview: | Stipulates requirements for storage of pesticides. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Pesticides registered under the Pest Control Products Act (Canada), R.S.C. 1985, c. P-9 |
Application - Facilities Regulated: |
|
Key Requirements – Design: | A compartment, room or structure used to store a Schedule 1, 2 or 5 pesticide must be ventilated to the outside atmosphere. |
Key Requirements – Operational: | General Protective Measures:
Labelling:
Theft or Loss of Pesticide:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | No person shall store a pesticide unless the person is the holder of a vendor’s license, operator’s license or exterminator’s license authorizing the holder to sell or use the pesticide or a pesticide reformulated from it or is exempt from requiring a vendor’s license, operator’s license or exterminator’s license to sell or use such pesticide or a pesticide reformulated from it. |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Emergency Response Equipment:
Notification of Storage:
Spills or Releases:
|
Other Citations | Pest Control Products Act (Canada), R.S.C. 1985, c. P-9 |
Legislation: | Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997, S.O. 1997, c. 4 |
---|---|
General Overview: | The act outlines the responsibility for providing fire protection services in Ontario through the appointment of a provincial fire marshal. The act includes provisions for the establishment of a Fire Code regulation, which governs fire safety standards for equipment, systems, buildings, structures, land and premises. The act also outlines rights of entry in emergencies and fire investigations and provisions for inspections, orders, offences and enforcement activities. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | None |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | None |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | None |
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | None |
Other Citations: | Fire Code, O. Reg. 388/97 |
Legislation: | Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997, S.O. 1997, c. 4 |
---|---|
Regulation: | Fire Code, O. Reg. 388/97 |
General Overview: | The Ontario Fire Code contains requirements to control the risks associated with fires, including the handling, storage and use of flammable and combustible liquids and other combustible materials. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to all classes of chemicals, with emphasis on flammable and combustible liquids (Part 4). Part 4 contains provisions that apply to all occupancies and includes specific requirements for certain types of occupancies. Part 4 does not apply to:
|
Application - Facilities Regulated: | All provincially regulated buildings. Specific requirements apply to facilities storing flammable and combustible liquids. |
Key Requirements – Design: |
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | Storage and Dispensing of Flammable and Combustible Materials:
Maintenance – Flammable and Combustible Liquids:
Markings and Labelling – Flammable and Combustible Liquids:
Markings and Labelling – General:
Operating Procedures:
Fire Exits:
Special Cases:
Records:
|
Key Requirements – Training: |
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Fire Protection Equipment:
Emergency Plans:
Spill Prevention, Containment and Response - Flammable or Combustible Liquids:
Remedial Actions – Flammable and Combustible Liquid Tanks:
|
Other Citations: |
Please refer to the Fire Code for specific design standards including API, ASTM CGSB, CSA, NFPA and ULC standards. |
Legislation: | Occupational Health and Safety Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1 |
---|---|
General Overview: | Sets out the rights and duties of all parties in the workplace and establishes procedures for dealing with workplace hazards. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to toxic/hazardous substance (a chemical agent whose presence or use in the workplace may endanger the health or safety of a worker). |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all workplaces, with the exception of farming operations, workplaces under federal (Government of Canada) and servants at private residences. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Protection of Worker:
Provision and Maintenance of Equipment:
Inspections:
Provision of Information:
|
Key Requirements – Training: |
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | No specific requirements. |
Other Citations: | Specific requirements for designated substances may be specified in Designated Substance regulations made under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. Designated substances include: Acrylonitrile, Arsenic, Asbestos, Asbestos on Construction Projects, Benzene, Coke Oven Emissions, Ethylene Oxide, Isocyanates, Lead, Mercury, Silica and Vinyl Chloride. |
Legislation: | Occupational Health and Safety Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1 |
---|---|
Regulation: | Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Regulation R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 860 |
General Overview: | WHMIS is a Canada-wide system designed to provide employers and workers information about hazardous materials used in the workplace. The WHMIS Regulation sets out in detail the employer duties respecting labels, material safety data sheets (MSDS) and worker education. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to "controlled products", as defined by the (Federal) Controlled Products Regulations, SOR/88-66 and includes: Compressed Gas; Flammable and Combustible Material; Oxidizing Material; Poisonous and Infectious Material; Corrosive Material; Dangerously Reactive Material. Relevant Exceptions:
|
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to all workplaces covered by the Occupational Health and Safety Act. (Note: Canada Labour Code and the Canada Occupational Safety and Health Regulations implement WHMIS in federal workplaces.) |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Labelling:
MSDS:
Hazardous Wastes:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | An employer shall ensure that a worker who works with or in proximity to a controlled product is informed about all hazard information concerning its use, storage and handling. Instruction is to include:
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | None, except training (see above). |
Other Citations |
|
Legislation: | Occupational Health and Safety Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1 |
---|---|
Regulation: | Industrial Establishments, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 851 |
General Overview: | Safety, building features and industrial hygiene aspects of industrial establishments are regulated. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to toxic/hazardous substance (a chemical agent whose presence or use in the workplace may endanger the health or safety of a worker). |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | All provincially regulated establishments (e.g., office building, factory, arena, shop or office, and any land, buildings and structures appertaining thereto). |
Key Requirements – Design: | Storage/Dispensing/Use of Flammable Liquids: Design requirements for rooms where flammable liquid are stored, dispensed or used are defined, including requirements for ventilation, spill containment systems and fire resistance rating of storage areas. Hazardous Rooms: Design requirements for a room containing a substance which, because of its chemical nature, the form in which the substance exists or its handling or processing may explode or become easily ignited creating a condition of imminent hazard to a person’s health or safety are defined. Ventilation Requirements: An industrial establishment shall be adequately ventilated by either natural or mechanical means such that the atmosphere does not endanger the health and safety of workers. Specific requirements are defined. Tanks: A properly designed guardrail is required around a vat, bin or tank, the top of which is less than 107 centimetres above the surrounding floor, ground, platform or other surface. Access to Storage Facilities: Design requirements for access ladders, including ladders for tanks, are defined. Lifting Devices: Design requirements for lifting devices (e.g., lift truck, fork lift) are defined. Building Design: Except as prescribed by the regulation, the Building Code O. Reg. 403/97 applies to all industrial establishments with respect to: access to an exit; exit from a floor area; structural adequacy; the fire resistance rating of a separation for an access to an exit and a process room that contains a flammable substance; and the fire protection rating of a closure. |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Pre-Start Reviews:
Personal Protective Equipment and Measures:
Storage/Dispensing/Use of Flammable Liquids:
Labelling:
Confined Space:
Fire Protection:
Compressed Gas Cylinders:
Lifting Devices:
Maintenance:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | Exposure to Chemical Agents: A worker who may be exposed to a chemical agent that may endanger the worker’s safety or health must be trained to use the precautions and procedures to be followed in the handling, use and storage of the agent; in the proper use and care of required personal protective equipment; and in the proper use of emergency measures and procedures. Confined Space (e.g., tank): A competent person must test and evaluate the confined space. Lifting Devices: Lifting device shall be operated only by, a competent person, or a worker being instructed who is accompanied by a competent person. |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Reporting of Accidents/Incidents: Defines reporting requirements to the Ministry of Labour and joint health and safety committee, the health and safety representative and the trade union, if any, in the event a worker is killed, critically injured, disabled from performing his or her usual work, or requires medical attention because of an accident, explosion or fire at a workplace (Section 5). |
Other Citations: |
|
Legislation: | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16 |
---|---|
General Overview: | The act is designed to enhance public safety in Ontario by providing for the efficient and flexible administration of technical standards. The act is the enabling legislation for a fuel oil code, liquid fuels handling code, natural gas and propane installation code, and propane code through the Fuel Oil Code Adoption Document, June 1, 2001, Gaseous Fuels Code Adoption Document June 1, 2001, Liquid Fuels Handling Code Adoption Document, June 1, 2001 and Propane Code Adoption Document June 1, 2001. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Hydrocarbon fuels |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Facilities that handle hydrocarbon fuels. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | None |
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | None |
Other Citations: |
|
Legislation: | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16 |
---|---|
Regulation: Code: |
|
General Overview: | Applies to the installation, testing, maintenance, repair, removal, replacement, inspection and use of appliances, equipment, components and accessories where fuel oil is to be used as a fuel, but it does not apply to equipment referred to in the Liquid Fuels Regulation, O. Reg. 217/01 or to the transmission of fuel under the Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems, O. Reg. 210/01. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Fuel oil (kerosene or any hydrocarbon oil as classified in CSA Standard CAN/CSA-B140.0). |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Every person engaged in an activity, use of equipment, process or procedure (including, but not limited to, design, installation, alteration, repair, service, removal, purging, activation, storage, handling, modification and use of equipment) to which the act and this regulation apply shall comply with the act and this regulation. |
Key Requirements – Design: | Design Drawings:
System Design and Approvals:
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | General Duty:
Registration of Tanks:
Contractor registration:
Maintenance:
Offloading:
Records for USTs:
Tank Disuse and Removal:
AST Secondary Containment Maintenance:
Inspection of Aboveground Vertical Tanks:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | Certification: No person shall install, alter, purge, activate, repair, service or remove any appliance or any equipment or other thing employed or to be employed in the handling or use of fuel oil unless the person is the holder of a certificate for that purpose under Fuel Industry Certificates, O. Reg. 215/01. General Training: Personnel performing the installation, operation, and maintenance work shall be trained in such functions. |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Reporting Dangerous Occurrence:
Unacceptable Conditions:
Tank Leaks:
|
Other Citations: |
Please refer to the CAN/CSA-B139-00, "Installation Code for Oil Burning Equipment" for specific design standards including ULC, CSA, API and related standards. |
Legislation: | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16 |
---|---|
Regulation: Code: |
|
General Overview: | Applies to facilities where gasoline or an associated product is handled, loaded or dispensed to be used as a fuel in motor vehicles or as a fuel oil. The Regulation does not apply to: equipment or installations associated with standby generators or heating oil systems; any matter regulated under Ontario Regulation 213/01 (Fuel Oil); any matter relating to the subject matter of this Regulation that is regulated by the Government of Canada; the storage, handling and use of equipment or installations for gaseous fuels; processing plants where the resulting product is not used as a fuel; petroleum refineries; or equipment or installations at underground parts of an underground mine that are subject to the Occupational Health and Safety Act; or, fuels packaged as consumer goods. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Gasoline and associated products (any product of petroleum, other than gasoline, wax and asphalt or any other liquid product used as a fuel). |
Application - Facilities Regulated: |
|
Key Requirements – Design: | System Design and Approvals:
Modification of a facility:
Special Cases:
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | Authorizations, Licenses and Approvals:
General Duty - Safe Operating Conditions:
Posting of license:
Product Transfer/Dispensing:
Labelling:
Fire Safety:
Leak Detection:
Corrosion Protection for USTs:
AST Secondary Containment Maintenance:
Inspection of ASTs Installed in Accordance With ULC Standard S630 or Standard API 650:
Tank Disuse, Closure and Removal and Environmental Restoration:
Records:
Special Cases:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | Authorizations, Licenses and Approvals:
General Training:
Emergency Plans:
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Reporting Dangerous Occurrence:
Unacceptable Conditions:
Emergency Plans:
Tank Leaks:
|
Other Citations: |
Please refer the Liquid Fuels Handling Code for specific design standards including American National Standards Institute/ASME, ASTM, CGSB, CSA, API., CPPI, TSSA, PACE, NRCan and other related standards. |
Legislation: | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16 |
---|---|
Regulation: Code: |
|
General Overview: | Establishes requirements and minimum standards for the installation of gas-fired appliances and equipment and includes requirements for cylinders used for storing compressed natural gas. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Any of the following gases or mixtures of them: natural gas, manufactured gas, or mixtures of propane gas and air, propane, propylene, butanes (normal butane or isobutane), and butylenes. |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to: the installation of appliances, equipment, components, and accessories where gas is to be used for fuel purposes; the installation of piping and tubing systems extending from the termination of the utility installation for natural gas or from the distributor’s propane tank; and the installation of vehicle-refuelling appliances and associated equipment meeting the requirements of a general purpose appliance to fill a natural-gas-fuelled vehicle. Facilities that store or handle propane, except: marine or pipeline terminals; petroleum refineries; gas when used as a feedstock in chemical plants; utility pipeline distribution and transmission pipelines; storage and handling of liquefied natural gas or underground reservoirs for natural gas; refrigerated storage or underground reservoirs for propane; butane fuel cylinders of 250g capacity or less; the installation of containers and equipment to be used for propane in distribution locations and filling plants and on tank trucks, tank trailers, and cargo liners; and, propane used as refrigerant. (Regulation,Code Adoption Document) |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Protective Measures:
Natural Gas Cylinder Design Requirements
Storage Practices:
Records:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | General Training: Personnel performing installation, operation, and maintenance work shall be properly trained in such functions. (Code) Certification: No person shall install, alter, purge, activate, repair, service or remove any appliance, equipment or other thing employed or to be employed in the handling or use of gas unless the person is the holder of a certificate for that purpose, except in the presence of the holder of the certificate. |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Reporting Dangerous Occurrence: Where it appears that carbon monoxide poisoning, asphyxiation, explosion or fire has occurred because of the use, storage or handling of gas, a certificate holder, ROT holder, contractor or distributor shall forthwith notify the Spills Action Centre of the Ministry of the Environment, and a contractor or distributor shall have in place procedures for such notification. Unacceptable Conditions: If a distributor, or holder of a certificate or ROT is of the opinion that an unacceptable condition exists must undertake prescribed activities, depending on whether an immediate hazard does or does not exist. |
Other Citations: | Fuel Industry Certificates Regulation Please refer CSA-B149.1-00 Natural Gas And Propane Installation Code for specific design and related standards referenced in the Code. |
Legislation: | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16 |
---|---|
Regulation: Code: |
|
General Overview: | Applies to the storage, handling, transportation and transfer of propane and the installation of containers and equipment to be used for propane in distribution locations and filling plants. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Propane |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Facilities that store or handle propane, except: pipeline terminals; petroleum refineries; propane when used as a feedstock in chemical plants; utility pipeline distribution and transmission pipelines; underground reservoirs for propane; butane fuel cylinders of 250 g capacity or less; and propane used as refrigerant. |
Key Requirements – Design: |
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | Licenses/Approvals:
Contractor registration:
General Duty:
Fire Prevention:
Storage Practices:
Inspections, Monitoring and Maintenance:
Transfer of Propane Between Containers:
Labelling:
Records:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | General Training:
Certification:
Container Refill Centre or a Filling Plant:
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Reporting Dangerous Occurrence: Where it appears that carbon monoxide poisoning, asphyxiation, explosion or fire has occurred or an accidental release, vent or spill has occurred because of the use, handling or storage of propane, the registration, license, certificate or ROT holder shall notify forthwith the Spills Action Centre of the Ministry of the Environment and a registration or license holder shall have in place procedures for such notification. Unacceptable Conditions: If a distributor, or holder of a certificate or ROT is of the opinion that an unacceptable condition exists must undertake prescribed activities, depending on whether an immediate hazard does or does not exist. |
Other Citations: |
Please refer CSA-B149.2-00 - Propane Storage and Handling Code for specific design and related standards referenced in the Code. |
Legislation: | Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, S.C. 1999, c.33 (CEPA) |
---|---|
General Overview: | CEPA, 1999 is an act respecting pollution prevention and the protection of the environment and human health in order to contribute to sustainable development. The act describes the duties of the federal government and the public in protecting the environment, including responsibilities for enforcement, toxic substances and information gathering. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | The act defines and discusses control of toxic substances and fuels. |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | The act is applicable to any individual or corporation, whose activities may be regulated under the act or associated regulations. |
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Responding to Requests for Information: The Minister may, for the purpose of conducting research, creating an inventory of data, formulating objectives and codes of practice, issuing guidelines or assessing or reporting on the state of the environment, publish in the Canada Gazette and in any other manner that the Minister considers appropriate a notice requiring any person described in the notice to provide the Minister with any information that may be in the possession of that person or to which the person may reasonably be expected to have access. Pollution Prevention Plans: The Minister may, at any time, publish in the Canada Gazette and in any other manner that the Minister considers appropriate a notice requiring any person or class of persons described in the notice to prepare and implement a pollution prevention plan for prescribed chemicals. |
Key Requirements – Training: | None |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Environmental Emergency Plans:
Release of Toxic Substance:
|
Other Citations: | Federal Aboveground Storage Tank Technical Guidelines for outside aboveground storage tank systems that contain petroleum products and that are located on federal lands and Federal Underground Storage Tank Technical Guidelines for underground storage tank systems that contain petroleum products or allied petroleum products and that are located on federal lands. These guidelines are based on Environmental Code of Practice documents published by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, and address subjects such as design review, protection devices and public safety. |
Legislation: | Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, S.C. 1999, c. 33 (CEPA) |
---|---|
Regulation: | Environmental Emergency Regulation, SOR/2003-307 |
General Overview: | Defines requirements for notifying Environment Canada of the storage of prescribed toxic and other hazardous substances and the need to prepare and implement environmental emergency plans for these substances. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: |
|
Application - Facilities Regulated: |
|
Key Requirements – Design: | None |
Key Requirements – Operational: | Notifications: Notice/declaration of identification of substance and place to Environment Canada if (i) either the maximum expected quantity on site or the largest storage container exceeds the specified threshold quantity (E2 Reg.) or (ii) as specified in a Notice published in the Canada Gazette Part II.(CEPA) |
Key Requirements – Training: | Individuals who(i) are to carry into effect the emergency plan in the event of an environmental emergency are to be trained (E2 Reg.) or (ii) as specified in a Notice published in the Canada Gazette Part II. (CEPA) |
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: | Emergency Plan:
Notices:
Records:
Emergency Reporting:
|
Other Citations | None |
Legislation: | Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, S.C. 1999, c. 33 (CEPA) |
---|---|
Regulation: | Storage of PCB Material Regulations, SOR/92-507 |
General Overview: | Describes safety and environmental protection requirements for facilities storing PCB materials or PCB equipment, including requirements for storage containers, inspections and record keeping and emergency procedure plans. |
Application - Classes of Chemicals Regulated: | Applies to any of the following PCB material that is not being used daily:
Relevant Exceptions: Does not apply to the handling, offering for transport or transporting of PCB material governed by the federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 (Canada), S.C. 1992, c. 34. |
Application - Facilities Regulated: | Applies to every person who owns, controls or possesses PCB material, or who owns or manages a property in or on which PCB material is located or a parcel of land on which PCB material is located. |
Key Requirements – Design: |
|
Key Requirements – Operational: | Management Practices:
Security Measures:
Storage Practices:
Inspections:
Records:
Reporting:
|
Key Requirements – Training: | Requires employees who are authorized to enter the PCB storage site to be:
|
Key Requirements – Emergency Planning and Response: |
|
Other Citations: | Guidelines for the Management of Wastes Containing Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB’s), published by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. |
Appendix B - Sample Inspection Checklist
Download Sample Inspection Checklist
Appendix C: Chemical Compatibility Chart
Download Chemical Compatibility Chart
Appendix D: Abbreviations
Abbreviation | Description |
---|---|
ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
API | American Petroleum Institute |
ASTM | American Society of Testing Materials |
CASQA | California Stormwater Quality Association |
CSA | Canadian Standards Association |
E2 | Environmental Emergencies Regulation |
EPA | Environmental Protection Act |
FICR | Fuel Industry Certificates Regulation |
FOR/C | Fuel Oil Regulation/Code |
GFR | Gaseous Fuels Regulation |
HSWDGR | Hazardous Substances and Waste Dangerous Goods Regulations (Saskatchewan) |
LFR/C | Liquid Fuels Regulation/Code |
MCA | Manufacturing Chemists Association |
MOECC | Ministry of Environment and Climate Change |
MSDS | Material Safety Data Sheets |
NACE | National Association of Corrosion Engineers |
NFPA | National Fire Protection Agency |
NGPIC | Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code |
NIOSH | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |
NLPA | National Leak Prevention Association |
NYCRR | New York Code Rules and Regulations |
OBC | Ontario Building Code |
OFC | Ontario Fire Code |
OHSA | Occupational Health and Safety Act |
OWRA | Ontario Water Resources Act |
PSHC | Propane Storage and Handling Code |
PSHR | Propane Storage and Handling Regulation |
SPM | Storage of PCB Material |
SSPC | Steel Structures Painting Council |
TDGR | Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations |
TSSA | Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000 |
ULC | Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada |
ULC/ORD | Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada/Other Recognized Documents |
US EPA | United States Environmental Protection Agency |
WHMIS | Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System |