Poultry farming
Learn about poultry production practices, deadstock disposal, health, animal care, biosecurity and meat inspection.
Overview
Most poultry in Ontario are raised in commercial systems, with some small-scale production.
Poultry production in Ontario is divided into:
- egg-laying for human consumption
- meat (broiler chickens and turkey)
- hatching egg (fertilized eggs for hatchery)
- other species, like ducks, geese and pheasant
The Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Hatching Eggs, Breeders, Chickens and Turkeys serve as the national understanding of care requirements and recommended practices.
Supply management
Laying hens, chickens, broiler breeders and turkeys are supply-managed commodities, if they are produced in large enough quantities. The supply management system uses quota to match supply to demand.
Quota is the right to market product from these commodities. You must buy quota before you may start a commercial poultry farm.
- Ontario hatchery and supply flock policy
- Egg Farmers of Ontario new entrant information
- Chicken Farmers of Ontario
- Turkey Farmers of Ontario (PDF)
- Ontario Broiler Hatching Egg and Chick Commission
Biosecurity
Practice good biosecurity to prevent disease from infecting your flocks.
- Biosecurity recommendations for commercial poultry flocks in Ontario
- Darkling beetle control in poultry barns
- Rodent control in livestock and poultry facilities
- Avian influenza in poultry
- Government of Canada: Avian biosecurity
Housing
Maintaining the proper environment will promote healthy birds and growth.
- Lighting for poultry with light-emitting diodes
- Tunnel ventilation in livestock barns, with and without evaporative cooling
- Ventilation for livestock and poultry barns
- Heat stress in commercial layers
- Barn fires in Ontario
- House fly control in poultry barns
Loading and transport
Since 2016, there has been a shift to modular loading for transporting most broiler chickens in Ontario.
- Transitioning to modular loading on the Ontario broiler chicken farm
- Transport guidelines for small flock poultry owners
- Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Farm Animals — Transportation
- Farm and Food Care: Guidelines for transporting poultry poster (PDF)
- Poultry Industry Council: Guide for preparing, loading and transporting poultry (PDF)
Deadstock disposal
Proper disposal of deadstock is important for environmental and animal health reasons.
Ontario regulations allow both on-farm and off-farm disposal options.
- Deadstock disposal
- Licensed deadstock operators
- Options for the disposal of carcasses following flock depopulation
- Windrow composting of poultry carcasses
Small flock poultry
If you are a small-scale commercial operation, show poultry or simply keep a few birds in your back yard, good biosecurity is the best way to prevent diseases from entering your flock.
Meat inspection
All meat intended for sale or distribution in Ontario must come from inspected sources.
Commercial poultry farmers contract with a processing company. Small flock producers may find a processor through provincially licensed meat plants.