Farm buildings, equipment and environment
Learn about constructing, maintaining and operating farm buildings and equipment. This technical information is for Ontario farmers.
Overview
Farm buildings are low-human occupancy structures located on farms, such as livestock housing, storage buildings and bunker silos.
These buildings are subject to a wide range of conditions (temperature, humidity, organic compounds) that can cause both maintenance challenges and health and safety risks.
Managing farm buildings and operating equipment can have effects on energy use, the surrounding environment and those living around your operation.
Construct or renovate farm buildings
Farm buildings include drivesheds, animal housing, manure storages, feed storage (grain bins and silos), anaerobic digesters, greenhouses, fruit and vegetable storage buildings.
Several approvals are required before starting construction, as described in building permit requirements to construct, expand or renovate farm buildings. Additional information for specific livestock buildings is found at dairy housing, beef housing, swine housing and poultry housing.
More information for these approval items is found at:
- Nutrient management
- Anaerobic digestion
- Minimum Distance Separation (MDS) formulae
- Farm building standards: for use in sizing common building components
- Guidelines on permitted uses in Ontario's prime agricultural areas
Resources to assist in developing your construction plans:
- Farm building standards: for use in sizing common building components
- Corrosion of roof truss connector plates in farm buildings
- Using ungraded lumber in farm buildings
- Electrical systems in barns
- Ventilation for livestock and poultry barns
- Tunnel ventilation in livestock barns, with and without evaporative cooling
- Horse barn ventilation
Farm building maintenance
Maintaining your farm building throughout its lifespan will ensure a safe and productive structure while extending your investment dollars. Complete general maintenance items such as rodent control, repairing building components and housekeeping (remove garbage, clean fans) regularly. Develop a maintenance program for your operation. Detailed information to assist you is found at:
- Corrosion of roof truss connector plates in farm buildings
- Electrical systems in barns
- Barn fires in Ontario
- Deterioration of concrete tower silos
- Poly tanks for farms: tank inspection
- Rodent control in livestock and poultry facilities
Farm safety and the environment
Many operations on the farm can present a risk to worker safety and the environment. Adjusting your operating procedures can effectively reduce these risks. Detailed information to assist you is found at:
- Barn fires in Ontario
- Spontaneous combustion and hay fires
- Ventilation for livestock and poultry barns
- Tunnel ventilation in livestock barns, with and without evaporative cooling
- Hazardous gases on agricultural operations
- Hydrogen sulphide in livestock facilities
- Managing silage effluent
- Handling pesticides safely to prevent spills
- Farm pesticide storage facility
- Rodent control in livestock and poultry facilities
- Farm equipment on the highway
Equipment management and commodity storage
Proper equipment management can decrease operational costs, limit emissions and maintain the quality of stored commodities. Find technical details and best management practices at:
- Managing dust emissions from on-farm grain handling systems
- Natural air grain drying
- Reducing energy in grain dryers
- Grain aeration
- Ventilation for livestock and poultry barns
- Constructing a barn hay dryer
- Harvesting and storing large bale haylage
- Forced-air cooling systems for post-harvest fresh fruits and vegetables
- Trouble shooting cold storage problems
Energy reduction in farm buildings
Efficient energy systems are essential for your operation. Generating energy, increasing efficiency and ensuring back-up power can ensure business continuity and may decrease operational costs. These topics can help you make informed decisions:
- On-farm generators: operating safely
- On-farm generators for emergency use
- Tips to reduce fuel consumption
- Ventilation heat exchangers in livestock barns
- Ventilation for livestock and poultry barns
- Efficient lighting for swine facilities
- Lighting options for free stall housing
- Lighting for poultry with light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
- Electricity generation in using small wind turbines for home or farm use
- Rooftop solar installations on rural buildings
- Reducing energy in grain dryers
- On-farm biodiesel production
- Improving energy efficiency in livestock facilities
Neighbour relations
Maintain good relationships with your rural neighbours. Many normal operations on the farm can cause odour, light, vibration, smoke, flies, noise or dust nuisances for your neighbours. While these cannot always be avoided, they can be lessened through good communications and using best practices. Find best practices at: